作为我对这个答案的评论的后续,这里有一些代码,允许人们按照 colex 顺序从其“索引”确定子集的组成。无耻地从我自己的任务中偷走。
//////////////////////////////////////
// NChooseK
//
// computes n!
// --------
// k!(n-k)!
//
// using Pascal's identity
// i.e. (n,k) = (n-1,k-1) + (n-1,k)
//
// easily optimizable by memoization
long long NChooseK(int n, int k)
{
if(k >= 0 && k <= n && n >= 1)
{
if( k > n / 2)
k = n - k;
if(k == 0 || n == 0)
return 1;
else
return NChooseK(n-1, k-1) + NChooseK(n-1, k);
}
else
return 0;
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// SubsetColexUnrank
// The unranking works by finding each element
// in turn, beginning with the biggest, leftmost one.
// We just have to find, for each element, how many subsets there are
// before the one beginning with the elements we have already found.
//
// It stores its results (indices of the elements present in the subset) into T, in ascending order.
void SubsetColexUnrank(long long r, int * T, int subsetSize)
{
assert( subsetSize >= 1 );
// For each element in the k-subset to be found
for(int i = subsetSize; i >= 1; i--)
{
// T[i] cannot be less than i
int x = i;
// Find the smallest element such that, of all the k-subsets that contain it,
// none has a rank that exceeds r.
while( NChooseK(x, i) <= r )
x++;
// update T with the newly found element
T[i] = x;
// if the subset we have to find is not the first one containing this element
if(r > 0)
{
// finding the next element of our k-subset
// is like finding the first one of the same subset
// divided by {T[i]}
r -= NChooseK(x - 1, i);
}
}
}
随机输入,随机输出。
colex order 是这样的,它的 unranking 函数不需要从中选择要工作的元素的集合的大小;元素的数量假定为 NchooseK(集合的大小,子集的大小)。