ruby - 使用 RSpec 测试哈希内容

Question

我有一个这样的测试：

it "should not indicate backwards jumps if the checker position is not a king" do
    board = Board.new
    game_board = board.create_test_board
    board.add_checker(game_board, :red, 3, 3)
    x_coord = 3
    y_coord = 3
    jump_locations = {}
    jump_locations["upper_left"]  = true 
    jump_locations["upper_right"] = false 
    jump_locations["lower_left"]  = false
    jump_locations["lower_right"] = true
    adjusted_jump_locations = @bs.adjust_jump_locations_if_not_king(game_board, x_coord, y_coord, jump_locations)
    adjusted_jump_locations["upper_left"].should == true 
    adjusted_jump_locations["upper_right"].should == false 
    adjusted_jump_locations["lower_left"].should == false
    adjusted_jump_locations["lower_right"].should == false
  end 

我知道，这很冗长。有没有更简洁的方式来表达我的期望？我查看了文档，但看不到在哪里压缩我的期望。谢谢。

Answer 1

它也适用于哈希：

expect(jump_locations).to include(
  "upper_left"  => true,
  "upper_right" => false,
  "lower_left"  => false,
  "lower_right" => true
)

来源： includematcher@relishapp.com

Answer 2

只是想添加到@David 的答案。您可以在include哈希中嵌套和使用匹配器。例如：

# Pass
expect({
  "num" => 5, 
  "a" => { 
    "b" => [3, 4, 5] 
  }
}).to include({
  "num" => a_value_between(3, 10), 
  "a" => {
    "b" => be_an(Array)
  }
})

警告：嵌套include哈希必须测试所有键，否则测试将失败，例如：

# Fail
expect({
  "a" => { 
    "b" => 1,
    "c" => 2
  }
}).to include({
  "a" => {
    "b" => 1
  }
})

Answer 3

RSpec 3 的语法已更改，但包含匹配器仍然是一个：

expect(jump_locations).to include(
  "upper_left" => true,
  "upper_right" => false,
  "lower_left" => false,
  "lower_right" => true
)

请参阅内置匹配器#include-matcher。

Answer 4

另一种测试整个内容是否为哈希的简单方法是检查内容是否为哈希对象本身：

it 'is to be a Hash Object' do
    workbook = {name: 'A', address: 'La'}
    expect(workbook.is_a?(Hash)).to be_truthy
end

---

对于上面的问题，我们可以检查如下：

expect(adjusted_jump_locations).to match(hash_including('upper_left' => true))