1

我在使用 CancellationTokenSource 取消任务后等待任务时遇到问题。取消调用不会中断任务。当我等待任务时，主线程阻塞，因为任务永远不会被中断。

下面是我的程序的简短描述：一个任务增加一个 char 变量（从“A”到“Z”）并在 GUI 线程上显示它。为此，任务在创建控件的线程上执行委托 (this.invoke())。

一旦我注释掉 RefreshTextBox()-Function，取消调用就会起作用，任务将被中断。似乎 this.invoke() 命令阻止了任务中断。

在下面的代码中，我也用普通线程实现了相同的功能。然后我工作。任务实现和线程实现的区别在哪里？

using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public partial class frm_Main : Form
{
    private delegate void dgt_StringHandler(string str_Value);
    CancellationTokenSource _obj_Cts = null;
    Thread _obj_Thread = null;
    Task _obj_Task = null;

    public frm_Main()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }

    private void CreateChar(ref char chr_Value)
    {
        int int_Value;

        int_Value = (int)chr_Value;
        int_Value++;

        if (int_Value > 90 || int_Value < 65)
            int_Value = 65;

        chr_Value = (char)int_Value;
    }

    private void TestThread()
    {
        char chr_Value = '@';
        bool bol_Stop = false;

        while (!bol_Stop)
        {
            try
            {
                Thread.Sleep(300);
                CreateChar(ref chr_Value);
                RefreshTextBox(chr_Value.ToString());
            }
            catch (ThreadInterruptedException)
            {
                bol_Stop = true;
            }
        }
    }

    private void TestTask(object obj_TokenTmp)
    {
        char chr_Value = '@';
        CancellationToken obj_Token = (CancellationToken)obj_TokenTmp;

        while (!obj_Token.IsCancellationRequested)
        {
            Thread.Sleep(300);
            CreateChar(ref chr_Value);
            RefreshTextBox(chr_Value.ToString());
        }
    }

    private void RefreshTextBox(string str_Value)
    {
        if (txt_Value.InvokeRequired)
        {
            dgt_StringHandler obj_StringHandler = new dgt_StringHandler(RefreshTextBox);
            this.Invoke(obj_StringHandler, new object[] { str_Value });
        }
        else
        {
            txt_Value.Text = str_Value;
        }
    }

    private void btn_StartStop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (_obj_Task == null && _obj_Thread == null)
        {
            if (opt_Task.Checked)
            {
                _obj_Cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
                _obj_Task = new Task(new Action<object>(TestTask), _obj_Cts.Token, _obj_Cts.Token);
                _obj_Task.Start();
            }
            else
            {
                _obj_Thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(TestThread));
                _obj_Thread.Start();
            }

            btn_StartStop.Text = "Stop";
        }
        else
        {
            if (_obj_Thread != null)
            {
                _obj_Thread.Interrupt();
                _obj_Thread.Join();
                _obj_Thread = null;
            }

            if (_obj_Task != null)
            {
                _obj_Cts.Cancel();
                _obj_Task.Wait();
                _obj_Task = null;
                _obj_Cts = null;
            }

            btn_StartStop.Text = "Start";
        }
    }
}
4

2 回答 2

1

这两段代码一起形成了死锁：

_obj_Cts.Cancel();
_obj_Task.Wait();

和

this.Invoke(obj_StringHandler, new object[] { str_Value });

您正在调用Wait()主线程，并且 Invoke() 需要由主线程处理。

您可以通过使用来打破僵局this.BeginInvoke(...)。

Thread 版本使用大锤中断。所以线程不会RefreshTextBox()在停止信号之后尝试调用。

于 2011-12-02T13:29:54.803 回答
0

这是改编的代码。我现在调用 BeginInvoke() 而不是 Henk Holterman 建议的 Invoke()。这工作得很好，是防止死锁的唯一正确方法。还有另一种情况必须考虑。我还有一个通过 BeginInvoke() 调用给出的 IAsyncResult 对象。这个对象我用来检查异步调用是否已经完成。如果我不检查它可能是 GUI 线程不够快（例如 GUI 线程中某处的睡眠语句）来执行我的委托，因此我的 TestTask() 方法将始终调用 BeginInvoke() 虽然GUI 线程尚未完成最后一个委托。结果是我的 GUI 线程会阻塞应用程序。

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ComponentModel;
    using System.Data;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Windows.Forms;
    using System.Threading;
    using System.Threading.Tasks;

    namespace InvokeTest
    {
    public partial class frm_Main : Form
    {

    private delegate void dgt_StringHandler(string str_Value);
    CancellationTokenSource _obj_Cts = null;
    Thread _obj_Thread = null;
    Task _obj_Task = null;
    IAsyncResult _obj_Ar = null;

    public frm_Main()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }

    private void CreateChar(ref char chr_Value)
    {
        int int_Value;

        int_Value = (int)chr_Value;
        int_Value++;

        if (int_Value > 90 || int_Value < 65)
            int_Value = 65;

        chr_Value = (char)int_Value;
    }


    private void TestThread()
    {
        char chr_Value = '@';
        bool bol_Stop = false;

        while (!bol_Stop)
        {
            try
            {
                Thread.Sleep(1); // is needed for interrupting the thread
                CreateChar(ref chr_Value);
                RefreshTextBox(chr_Value.ToString());
            }
            catch (ThreadInterruptedException)
            {
                bol_Stop = true;
            }
        }
    }

    private void TestTask(object obj_TokenTmp)
    {
        char chr_Value = '@';
        CancellationToken obj_Token = (CancellationToken)obj_TokenTmp;

        while (!obj_Token.IsCancellationRequested)
        {
            CreateChar(ref chr_Value);
            RefreshTextBox(chr_Value.ToString());
        }
    }


    private void RefreshTextBox(string str_Value)
    {            
        if (txt_Value.InvokeRequired)
        {
            if (_obj_Ar == null ||
                _obj_Ar.IsCompleted)
            {
                dgt_StringHandler obj_StringHandler = new dgt_StringHandler(RefreshTextBox);
                _obj_Ar = this.BeginInvoke(obj_StringHandler, new object[] { str_Value });
            }
        }
        else
        {
            Thread.Sleep(200);
            txt_Value.Text = str_Value;
        }
    }


    private void btn_StartStop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (_obj_Task == null && _obj_Thread == null)
        {
            if (opt_Task.Checked)
            {
                _obj_Cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
                _obj_Task = new Task(new Action<object>(TestTask), _obj_Cts.Token, _obj_Cts.Token);
                _obj_Task.Start();
            }
            else
            {
                _obj_Thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(TestThread));
                _obj_Thread.Start();
            }

            btn_StartStop.Text = "Stop";
        }
        else
        {
            if (_obj_Thread != null)
            {
                _obj_Thread.Interrupt();
                _obj_Thread.Join();
                _obj_Thread = null;
            }

            if (_obj_Task != null)
            {
                _obj_Cts.Cancel();
                _obj_Task.Wait();
                _obj_Task = null;
                _obj_Cts = null;
            }

            btn_StartStop.Text = "Start";
        }
    }

    private void frm_Main_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
    {
        if (_obj_Thread != null)
        {
            _obj_Thread.Interrupt();
            _obj_Thread.Join();
        }

        if (_obj_Task != null)
        {
            _obj_Cts.Cancel();
            _obj_Task.Wait();
        }
    }

    }
    }
于 2011-12-05T10:41:12.460 回答