使用此问题中描述的方法，我可以获得在 iOS 设备上运行的应用程序列表。我知道 PID 并且可以访问它们的kinfo_proc结构。如何确定哪些是前台进程，哪些是后台（假设我的应用程序是后台）？
我试图根据kinfo_procvia 中的信息（参见第一个链接）找到这一点kp_proc.p_priority，但看起来不可能从优先级推断背景/前景状态。
我真的不在乎这是否适用于 AppStore Review，但我更喜欢一种无需越狱即可工作的方法（即私有 API 可以，但哪些？）。我希望这至少可以在 iOS 5 上运行
我考虑过编写一个简单的MobileSubstrate扩展，将其注入所有应用程序并挂钩每个人的应用程序applicationDidBecomeActive，但这需要越狱并且侵入性太大。
好吧，看起来在模拟器的 SpringBoardServices 二进制文件上使用 nm 和 IDA 对我有所帮助。以下代码适用于在 iPod Touch 4、iPhone 4 和 iPad1 WiFi（全非 JB）上运行的 iOS 5.0.1 当然，您永远不应该尝试将其提交到 AppStore
- (NSArray*) getActiveApps
{
mach_port_t *p;
void *uikit = dlopen(UIKITPATH, RTLD_LAZY);
int (*SBSSpringBoardServerPort)() =
dlsym(uikit, "SBSSpringBoardServerPort");
p = (mach_port_t *)SBSSpringBoardServerPort();
dlclose(uikit);
void *sbserv = dlopen(SBSERVPATH, RTLD_LAZY);
NSArray* (*SBSCopyApplicationDisplayIdentifiers)(mach_port_t* port, BOOL runningApps,BOOL debuggable) =
dlsym(sbserv, "SBSCopyApplicationDisplayIdentifiers");
//SBDisplayIdentifierForPID - protype assumed,verification of params done
void* (*SBDisplayIdentifierForPID)(mach_port_t* port, int pid,char * result) =
dlsym(sbserv, "SBDisplayIdentifierForPID");
//SBFrontmostApplicationDisplayIdentifier - prototype assumed,verification of params done,don't call this TOO often(every second on iPod touch 4G is 'too often,every 5 seconds is not)
void* (*SBFrontmostApplicationDisplayIdentifier)(mach_port_t* port,char * result) =
dlsym(sbserv, "SBFrontmostApplicationDisplayIdentifier");
//Get frontmost application
char frontmostAppS[256];
memset(frontmostAppS,sizeof(frontmostAppS),0);
SBFrontmostApplicationDisplayIdentifier(p,frontmostAppS);
NSString * frontmostApp=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%s",frontmostAppS];
//NSLog(@"Frontmost app is %@",frontmostApp);
//get list of running apps from SpringBoard
NSArray *allApplications = SBSCopyApplicationDisplayIdentifiers(p,NO, NO);
//Really returns ACTIVE applications(from multitasking bar)
/* NSLog(@"Active applications:");
for(NSString *identifier in allApplications) {
// NSString * locName=SBSCopyLocalizedApplicationNameForDisplayIdentifier(p,identifier);
NSLog(@"Active Application:%@",identifier);
}
*/
//get list of all apps from kernel
int mib[4] = {CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0};
size_t miblen = 4;
size_t size;
int st = sysctl(mib, miblen, NULL, &size, NULL, 0);
struct kinfo_proc * process = NULL;
struct kinfo_proc * newprocess = NULL;
do {
size += size / 10;
newprocess = realloc(process, size);
if (!newprocess){
if (process){
free(process);
}
return nil;
}
process = newprocess;
st = sysctl(mib, miblen, process, &size, NULL, 0);
} while (st == -1 && errno == ENOMEM);
if (st == 0){
if (size % sizeof(struct kinfo_proc) == 0){
int nprocess = size / sizeof(struct kinfo_proc);
if (nprocess){
NSMutableArray * array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
for (int i = nprocess - 1; i >= 0; i--){
int ruid=process[i].kp_eproc.e_pcred.p_ruid;
int uid=process[i].kp_eproc.e_ucred.cr_uid;
//short int nice=process[i].kp_proc.p_nice;
//short int u_prio=process[i].kp_proc.p_usrpri;
short int prio=process[i].kp_proc.p_priority;
NSString * processID = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%d", process[i].kp_proc.p_pid];
NSString * processName = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%s", process[i].kp_proc.p_comm];
BOOL systemProcess=YES;
if (ruid==501)
systemProcess=NO;
char * appid[256];
memset(appid,sizeof(appid),0);
int intID,intID2;
intID=process[i].kp_proc.p_pid,appid;
SBDisplayIdentifierForPID(p,intID,appid);/
NSString * appId=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%s",appid];
if (systemProcess==NO)
{
if ([appId isEqualToString:@""])
{
//final check.if no appid this is not springboard app
NSLog(@"(potentially system)Found process with PID:%@ name %@,isSystem:%d,Priority:%d",processID,processName,systemProcess,prio);
}
else
{
BOOL isFrontmost=NO;
if ([frontmostApp isEqualToString:appId])
{
isFrontmost=YES;
}
NSNumber *isFrontmostN=[NSNumber numberWithBool:isFrontmost];
NSDictionary * dict = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjects:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:processID, processName,appId,isFrontmostN, nil]
forKeys:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"ProcessID", @"ProcessName",@"AppID",@"isFrontmost", nil]];
NSLog(@"PID:%@, name: %@, AppID:%@,isFrontmost:%d",processID,processName,appId,isFrontmost);
[array addObject:dict];
}
}
}
free(process);
return array;
}
}
}
dlclose(sbserv);
}
当然，第二个循环并不是绝对必要的，但我也需要非本地化的名称和 PID。
很好的答案！但是您的代码中有一个小错字，应该是：
首先确保定义了 SBSERVPATH 并且包含了正确的头文件：
#import <sys/sysctl.h>
#import <dlfcn.h>
#define SBSERVPATH "/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/SpringBoardServices.framework/SpringBoardServices"
然后先找到正确的SB口：
mach_port_t *port;
void *lib = dlopen(SBSERVPATH, RTLD_LAZY);
int (*SBSSpringBoardServerPort)() =
dlsym(lib, "SBSSpringBoardServerPort");
port = (mach_port_t *)SBSSpringBoardServerPort();
dlclose(lib);
然后找到活动的应用程序：
mach_port_t * port = [self getSpringBoardPort];
// open springboard lib
void *lib = dlopen(SBSERVPATH, RTLD_LAZY);
// retrieve function SBFrontmostApplicationDisplayIdentifier
void *(*SBFrontmostApplicationDisplayIdentifier)(mach_port_t *port, char *result) =
dlsym(lib, "SBFrontmostApplicationDisplayIdentifier");
// reserve memory for name
char appId[256];
memset(appId, 0, sizeof(appId));
// retrieve front app name
SBFrontmostApplicationDisplayIdentifier(port, appId);
// close dynlib
dlclose(lib);
这适用于所有 IOS 设备：
#define UIKITPATH "/System/Library/Framework/UIKit.framework/UIKit"
#define SBSERVPATH "/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/SpringBoardServices.framework/SpringBoardServices"
- (NSArray*) getActiveApps
{
mach_port_t *p;
void *uikit = dlopen(UIKITPATH, RTLD_LAZY);
int (*SBSSpringBoardServerPort)() =
dlsym(uikit, "SBSSpringBoardServerPort");
p = (mach_port_t *)SBSSpringBoardServerPort();
dlclose(uikit);
if(self.frameWorkPath == nil || self.frameWorkPath.length == 0)
{
self.frameWorkPath = @SBSERVPATH;
self.frameWorkPath = [self.frameWorkPath stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet newlineCharacterSet]];
}
const char *cString = [self.frameWorkPath cStringUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
//const char *bar = [self.frameWorkPath UTF8String];
void *sbserv = dlopen(cString, RTLD_LAZY);
NSArray* (*SBSCopyApplicationDisplayIdentifiers)(mach_port_t* port, BOOL runningApps,BOOL debuggable) =
dlsym(sbserv, "SBSCopyApplicationDisplayIdentifiers");
//SBDisplayIdentifierForPID - protype assumed,verification of params done
void* (*SBDisplayIdentifierForPID)(mach_port_t* port, int pid,char * result) =
dlsym(sbserv, "SBDisplayIdentifierForPID");
//SBFrontmostApplicationDisplayIdentifier - prototype assumed,verification of params done,don't call this TOO often(every second on iPod touch 4G is 'too often,every 5 seconds is not)
void* (*SBFrontmostApplicationDisplayIdentifier)(mach_port_t* port,char * result) =
dlsym(sbserv, "SBFrontmostApplicationDisplayIdentifier");
//Get frontmost application
char frontmostAppS[512];
memset(frontmostAppS,sizeof(frontmostAppS),0);
SBFrontmostApplicationDisplayIdentifier(p,frontmostAppS);
NSString * frontmostApp=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%s",frontmostAppS];
if([self iOsMajorVersion] >= 7){
NSNumber *topmost = [NSNumber numberWithBool:YES];
NSMutableDictionary * dict = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
NSMutableArray * splitted = [frontmostApp componentsSeparatedByString:@"."];
if(frontmostApp.length > 0 && splitted != nil && splitted.count > 1 && topmost.boolValue == YES){
NSString *appname = [splitted lastObject];
[dict setObject:[appname capitalizedString] forKey:@"ProcessName"];
[dict setObject:frontmostApp forKey:@"ProcessID"];
[dict setObject:frontmostApp forKey:@"AppID"];
[dict setObject:topmost forKey:@"isFrontmost"];
NSLog(@"Running TOPMOST App %@",dict);
return @[dict];
}
else{
return nil;
}
}
//NSLog(@"Frontmost app is %@",frontmostApp);
//get list of running apps from SpringBoard
NSArray *allApplications = SBSCopyApplicationDisplayIdentifiers(p,NO, NO);
//Really returns ACTIVE applications(from multitasking bar)
NSLog(@"Active applications:");
for(NSString *identifier in allApplications) {
// NSString * locName=SBSCopyLocalizedApplicationNameForDisplayIdentifier(p,identifier);
NSLog(@"Active Application:%@",identifier);
}
//get list of all apps from kernel
int mib[4] = {CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0};
size_t miblen = 4;
size_t size;
int st = sysctl(mib, miblen, NULL, &size, NULL, 0);
struct kinfo_proc * process = NULL;
struct kinfo_proc * newprocess = NULL;
do {
size += size / 10;
newprocess = realloc(process, size);
if (!newprocess){
if (process){
free(process);
}
return nil;
}
process = newprocess;
st = sysctl(mib, miblen, process, &size, NULL, 0);
} while (st == -1 && errno == ENOMEM);
if (st == 0){
if (size % sizeof(struct kinfo_proc) == 0){
int nprocess = size / sizeof(struct kinfo_proc);
if (nprocess){
NSMutableArray * array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
for (int i = nprocess - 1; i >= 0; i--){
int ruid=process[i].kp_eproc.e_pcred.p_ruid;
int uid=process[i].kp_eproc.e_ucred.cr_uid;
//short int nice=process[i].kp_proc.p_nice;
//short int u_prio=process[i].kp_proc.p_usrpri;
short int prio=process[i].kp_proc.p_priority;
NSString * processID = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%d", process[i].kp_proc.p_pid];
NSString * processName = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%s", process[i].kp_proc.p_comm];
BOOL systemProcess=YES;
if (ruid==501){
systemProcess=NO;
}
char * appid[256];
memset(appid,sizeof(appid),0);
int intID,intID2;
intID=process[i].kp_proc.p_pid,appid;
SBDisplayIdentifierForPID(p,intID,appid);
NSString * appId=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%s",appid];
if (systemProcess==NO)
{
if ([appId isEqualToString:@""])
{
//final check.if no appid this is not springboard app
//NSLog(@"(potentially system)Found process with PID:%@ name %@,isSystem:%d,Priority:%d",processID,processName,systemProcess,prio);
}
else
{
BOOL isFrontmost=NO;
if ([frontmostApp isEqualToString:appId])
{
isFrontmost=YES;
}
NSNumber *isFrontmostN=[NSNumber numberWithBool:isFrontmost];
NSDictionary * dict = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjects:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:processID, processName,appId,isFrontmostN, nil]
forKeys:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"ProcessID", @"ProcessName",@"AppID",@"isFrontmost", nil]];
NSLog(@"PID:%@, name: %@, AppID:%@,isFrontmost:%d",processID,processName,appId,isFrontmost);
[array addObject:dict];
}
}
}
free(process);
return array;
}
}
}
dlclose(sbserv);
}