11

我正在尝试对我用 Ruby 编写的一段代码进行单元测试,该代码调用File.open. 为了模拟它,我修改File.open了以下内容:

class File
  def self.open(name, &block)
    if name.include?("retval")
      return "0\n"
    else
      return "1\n"
    end
  end
end

问题是我使用 rcov 来运行整个事情,因为它使用 File.open 来编写代码覆盖率信息,它得到的是猴子补丁版本而不是真实版本。如何取消monkeypatch此方法以将其恢复为原始方法?我试过弄乱alias,但到目前为止无济于事。

4

5 回答 5

19

扩展@Tilo 的答案,再次使用别名来撤消猴子补丁。

例子:

# Original definition
class Foo
  def one()
    1
  end
end

foo = Foo.new
foo.one

# Monkey patch to 2
class Foo
  alias old_one one
  def one()
    2
  end
end

foo.one

# Revert monkey patch
class Foo
  alias one old_one
end

foo.one
于 2011-10-25T20:31:30.493 回答
3

或者您可以使用存根框架(如 rspec 或 mocha)并存根 File.Open 方法。

File.stub(:open => "0\n")

于 2011-10-25T17:13:12.973 回答
2

File只是一个包含 的实例的常量Class。您可以将其设置为响应 的临时类,open然后恢复原始类:

original_file = File
begin
  File = Class.new             # warning: already initialized constant File
  def File.open(name, &block)
    # Implement method
  end
  # Run test
ensure
  File = original_file         # warning: already initialized constant File
end
于 2011-10-25T17:04:17.920 回答
2

你可以像这样简单地给它起别名:

alias new_name old_name

例如:

class File
  alias old_open open

  def open
    ...
  end
end

现在您仍然可以通过 File.old_open 访问原始 File.open 方法


或者,您可以尝试这样的事情:

ruby - 覆盖方法然后恢复

http://blog.jayfields.com/2006/12/ruby-alias-method-alternative.html

于 2011-10-25T17:42:16.170 回答
1

正确的方法是像 Dan 所说的那样实际使用存根框架。

例如,在 rspec 中,你会这样做:

it "reads the file contents" do
  File.should_receive(:open) {|name|
    if name.include?("retval")
      "0\n"
    else
      "1\n"
    end
  }
  File.open("foo retval").should == "0\n"
  File.open("other file").should == "1\n"
end

但是对于好奇的人,这是一种无需外部库的半安全方法。这个想法是隔离存根,以便尽可能少的代码受到它的影响。

我命名了这个脚本isolated-patch.rb

class File
  class << self
    alias_method :orig_open, :open

    def stubbed_open(name, &block)
      if name.include?("retval")
        return "0\n"
      else
        return "1\n"
      end
    end
  end
end


def get_size(path)
  # contrived example
  File.open(path) {|fh|
    # change bytesize to size on ruby 1.8
    fh.read.bytesize
  }
end

# The stub will apply for the duration of the block.
# That means the block shouldn't be calling any methods where file opening
#   needs to work normally.
# Warning: not thread-safe
def stub_file_open
  class << File
    alias_method :open, :stubbed_open
  end
  yield
ensure
  class << File
    alias_method :open, :orig_open
  end
end

if __FILE__ == $0
  stub_file_open do
    val = File.open("what-retval") { puts "this is not run" }
    puts "stubbed open() returned: #{val.inspect}"
    size = get_size("test.txt")
    puts "obviously wrong size of test.txt: #{size.inspect}"
  end

  # you need to manually create this file before running the script
  size = get_size("test.txt")
  puts "size of test.txt: #{size.inspect}"
end

演示:

> echo 'foo bar' > test.txt
> ruby isolated-patch.rb
stubbed open() returned: "0\n"
obviously wrong size of test.txt: "1\n"
size of test.txt: 8
于 2012-09-28T18:21:39.027 回答