287

如何在myconfig.conf使用 BASH 的文件中写入多行?

#!/bin/bash
kernel="2.6.39";
distro="xyz";

echo <<< EOL
line 1, ${kernel}
line 2,
line 3, ${distro}
line 4
line ...
EOL >> /etc/myconfig.conf;
cat /etc/myconfig.conf;
4

8 回答 8

565

语法 ( <<<) 和使用的命令 ( echo) 是错误的。

正确的是:

#!/bin/bash

kernel="2.6.39"
distro="xyz"
cat >/etc/myconfig.conf <<EOL
line 1, ${kernel}
line 2, 
line 3, ${distro}
line 4 line
... 
EOL

cat /etc/myconfig.conf

这种结构称为Here Document,可以在 Bash 手册页中找到man --pager='less -p "\s*Here Documents"' bash

于 2011-10-24T12:29:40.097 回答
91
#!/bin/bash
kernel="2.6.39";
distro="xyz";

cat > /etc/myconfig.conf << EOL
line 1, ${kernel}
line 2,
line 3, ${distro}
line 4
line ...
EOL

这就是你想要的。

于 2011-10-24T12:28:40.493 回答
47

如果您不想替换变量,则需要用单引号将 EOL 括起来。

cat >/tmp/myconfig.conf <<'EOL'
line 1, ${kernel}
line 2, 
line 3, ${distro}
line 4 line
... 
EOL

上一个例子:

$ cat /tmp/myconfig.conf 
line 1, ${kernel}
line 2, 
line 3, ${distro}
line 4 line
... 
于 2015-10-27T04:26:22.183 回答
13

heredoc 解决方案当然是最常用的方法。其他常见的解决方案是:

echo 'line 1, '"${kernel}"'
line 2,
line 3, '"${distro}"'
line 4' > /etc/myconfig.conf

exec 3>&1 # Save current stdout
exec > /etc/myconfig.conf
echo line 1, ${kernel}
echo line 2, 
echo line 3, ${distro}
...
exec 1>&3  # Restore stdout

printf "%s\n" "line1, ${kernel}" "line2," "line3, $distro" ...
于 2011-10-24T14:56:13.903 回答
4

下面的机制有助于将多行重定向到文件。保留完整的字符串,"以便我们可以重定向变量的值。

#!/bin/bash
kernel="2.6.39"
echo "line 1, ${kernel}
line 2," > a.txt
echo 'line 2, ${kernel}
line 2,' > b.txt

的内容a.txt

line 1, 2.6.39
line 2,

的内容b.txt

line 2, ${kernel}
line 2,
于 2018-01-24T10:10:02.317 回答
3

我正在使用Mac OS并在SH 脚本中编写多行代码,以下代码对我有用

#! /bin/bash
FILE_NAME="SomeRandomFile"

touch $FILE_NAME

echo """I wrote all
the  
stuff
here.
And to access a variable we can use
$FILE_NAME  

""" >> $FILE_NAME

cat $FILE_NAME

请不要忘记根据需要将 chmod 分配给脚本文件。我用过

chmod u+x myScriptFile.sh
于 2020-08-07T15:29:33.473 回答
-1

我通常将模板放在文件中并使用这个模板引擎:

### <template-file> [ARG=VALUE..]
## Variables are replaced only within "{{" and "}}" notation.
## Example:
##         $0 path-to-tmpl REF=master pass=xx
##         # The template may look like so:
##         #    $pass = ["user", "{{ $pass }}"];
##         # Resulting in:
##         #    $pass = ["user", "xxx"];
##~
template() {
    tmpl=$1
    shift

    for i in $@; do
        declare $i;
    done

    eval "echo \"$(sed -e 's/"/\\"/g' -e 's/\$/\\$/g' -e 's/{{\s*\\\(\$\w*\)\s*}}/\1/g' $tmpl)\""
}
于 2021-10-17T15:48:21.193 回答
-2

我认为另一种更简单的方式,但绝对适用于少量线路

touch myfile.txt
echo "line1">>myfile.txt
echo "line2">>myfile.txt
echo "line3">>myfile.txt
echo "line4">>myfile.txt
于 2021-06-01T13:53:05.070 回答