visual-studio-2010 - 错误 LNK2019：未解析的外部符号“toString(int)”

Question

环境：Windows XP。Visual Studios 2010。语言 - C++。

我遇到了以下链接错误并且已经没有如何解决这个问题的想法。我有一个项目（CnD 设备），它链接到我的团队控制的 2 个项目（消息和碳）。我试图在 3 个项目之间搜索项目属性

enter tcp_driver.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > __cdecl toString(int)" (?toString@@YA?AV?$basic_string@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@2@@std@@H@Z) referenced in function "protected: bool __thiscall Tcp_Driver::readMessage(void)" (?readMessage@Tcp_Driver@@IAE_NXZ)

我相信这个问题是因为我没有链接到标准 C++ 库中的字符串。我一遍又一遍地扫描我的属性列表。以下是我认为对这个问题至关重要的一些属性。

CnD 设备属性信息：

配置类型动态库.dll
使用MFC 在共享 DLL 中使用 MFC
使用 ALT不使用 ALT
字符集使用多字节字符集
运行时库多线程 DLL (/MD)
附加依赖项 msvcprtd.lib、Carbon.lib、BUFFER_API.lib、BUFFER_FRAMEWORK.lib、Messages.lib
忽略所有默认库否

消息属性信息：

配置类型静态库 (.lib)
使用MFC 在共享 DLL 中使用 MFC
使用 ALT不使用 ALT
字符集使用 Unicode 字符集
运行时库多线程 DLL (/MD)
附加依赖项
链接库依赖否

碳属性信息：

配置类型静态库 (.lib)
使用MFC 在共享 DLL 中使用 MFC
使用 ALT不使用 ALT
字符集使用 Unicode 字符集
运行时库多线程 DLL (/MD)
链接库依赖否

我的 CnD 链接输出是：

1>------ Rebuild All started: Project: CnD_Device, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
    1>  JDTC_Message.cpp
    1>h:\my.name_local_project\project\emd\ofp\cp_sys\packages\cnd_device\src\project_message.cpp(47): warning C4018: '<' : signed/unsigned mismatch
    1>h:\my.name_local_project\project\emd\ofp\cp_sys\packages\cnd_device\src\project_message.cpp(54): warning C4244: '=' : conversion from 'float' to 'UInt32', possible loss of data
    1>h:\my.name_local_project\project\emd\ofp\cp_sys\packages\cnd_device\src\project_message.cpp(82): warning C4244: '=' : conversion from 'UInt32' to 'float', possible loss of data
    1>  ComponentEntryDLL.cpp
    1>  CnD_Network_Driver.cpp
    1>  CnD_Message_Handler.cpp
    1>  CnD_Message_Factory.cpp
    1>  CnD_Heartbeat_Message.cpp
    1>  CnD_Device.cpp
    1>  _WIN32_WINNT not defined. Defaulting to _WIN32_WINNT_MAXVER (see WinSDKVer.h)
    1>h:\my.name_local_project\project\emd\ofp\cp_sys\packages\cnd_device\src\cnd_device.cpp(61): warning C4101: 'e' : unreferenced local variable
    1>h:\my.name_local_project\project\emd\ofp\cp_sys\packages\cnd_device\src\cnd_device.cpp(120): warning C4101: 'e' : unreferenced local variable
    1>  MonitoringData.cpp
    1>  tcp_driver.cpp
    1>  _WIN32_WINNT not defined. Defaulting to _WIN32_WINNT_MAXVER (see WinSDKVer.h)
    1>  Generating Code...
    1>h:\my.name_local_project\project\emd\ofp\cp_sys\packages\cnd_device\src\cnd_message_factory.cpp(59): warning C4715: 'CnD_Message_Factory::createMessage' : not all control paths return a value
    1>  
    1>  Searching libraries
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\msvcprtd.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\Carbon\debug\lib\Carbon.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\EMD\BUFFER_SDK\Libs\BUFFER_API.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\EMD\BUFFER_SDK\Libs\BUFFER_Framework.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\Messages\Debug\lib\Messages.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfc100d.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfcs100d.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\msvcrtd.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\kernel32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\user32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\gdi32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\msimg32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\comdlg32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\winspool.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\advapi32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\shell32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\comctl32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\shlwapi.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\uuid.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\atlsd.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\ole32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\oleaut32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\MSVCRT.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\OLDNAMES.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfc100ud.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfcs100ud.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\msvcprt.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\wininet.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\ws2_32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\mswsock.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\msvcprtd.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\Carbon\debug\lib\Carbon.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\EMD\BUFFER_SDK\Libs\BUFFER_API.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\EMD\BUFFER_SDK\Libs\BUFFER_Framework.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\Messages\Debug\lib\Messages.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfc100d.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfcs100d.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\msvcrtd.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\kernel32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\user32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\gdi32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\msimg32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\comdlg32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\winspool.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\advapi32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\shell32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\comctl32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\shlwapi.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\uuid.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\atlsd.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\ole32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\oleaut32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\MSVCRT.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\OLDNAMES.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfc100ud.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfcs100ud.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\msvcprt.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\wininet.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\ws2_32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\mswsock.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\msvcprtd.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\Carbon\debug\lib\Carbon.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\EMD\BUFFER_SDK\Libs\BUFFER_API.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\EMD\BUFFER_SDK\Libs\BUFFER_Framework.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\Messages\Debug\lib\Messages.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfc100d.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfcs100d.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\msvcrtd.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\kernel32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\user32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\gdi32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\msimg32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\comdlg32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\winspool.lib:
    1>  
    1>  Finished searching libraries
    1>     Creating library H:\my.name_local_project\project\EMD\OFP\CP_SYS\packages\CnD_Device\build\CnD_Device\Debug\CnD_Device.lib and object H:\my.name_local_project\project\EMD\OFP\CP_SYS\packages\CnD_Device\build\CnD_Device\Debug\CnD_Device.exp
    1>  
    1>  Searching libraries
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\msvcprtd.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\Carbon\debug\lib\Carbon.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\EMD\BUFFER_SDK\Libs\BUFFER_API.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\EMD\BUFFER_SDK\Libs\BUFFER_Framework.lib:
    1>      Searching ..\..\..\..\..\..\Messages\Debug\lib\Messages.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfc100d.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfcs100d.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\msvcrtd.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\kernel32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\user32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\gdi32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\msimg32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\comdlg32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\winspool.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\advapi32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\shell32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\comctl32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\shlwapi.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\uuid.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\atlsd.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\ole32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\oleaut32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\MSVCRT.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\OLDNAMES.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfc100ud.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\atlmfc\lib\mfcs100ud.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\lib\msvcprt.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\wininet.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\ws2_32.lib:
    1>      Searching C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\lib\mswsock.lib:
    1>  
    1>  Finished searching libraries
    1>LINK : warning LNK4098: defaultlib 'MSVCRT' conflicts with use of other libs; use /NODEFAULTLIB:library
    1>LINK : warning LNK4098: defaultlib 'mfc100ud.lib' conflicts with use of other libs; use /NODEFAULTLIB:library
    1>LINK : warning LNK4098: defaultlib 'mfcs100ud.lib' conflicts with use of other libs; use /NODEFAULTLIB:library
    1>tcp_driver.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > __cdecl toString(int)" (?toString@@YA?AV?$basic_string@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@2@@std@@H@Z) referenced in function "protected: bool __thiscall Tcp_Driver::readMessage(void)" (?readMessage@Tcp_Driver@@IAE_NXZ)
    1>H:\my.name_local_project\project\EMD\OFP\CP_SYS\packages\CnD_Device\build\CnD_Device\Debug\CnD_Device.dll : fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals
    ========== Rebuild All: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 skipped ==========

score 4 · Accepted Answer

我发现了我的问题。我会删除这个；但是，我发现此链接错误很常见，但从来没有好的通用解决方案——除了项目属性更改。

我的问题的根源：Carbon 和 Messages 将 Int32 定义为 long。

CnD 将 Int32 定义为 int。

导致错误的未解析外部符号是

extern std::string toString(Int32 v);

因此，CnD 期待与 Carbon 和 Messages 定义的功能不同。

visual-studio-2010 - 错误 LNK2019：未解析的外部符号“toString(int)”

1 回答 1

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