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我的多线程知识仍然很初级,所以非常感谢这里的一些指示。我有一个接口 IOperationInvoker(来自 WCF),它具有以下方法:

IAsyncResult InvokeBegin(object instance, object[] inputs, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
object InvokeEnd(object instance, out object[] outputs, IAsyncResult result)

鉴于此接口的具体实现,我需要实现相同的接口,同时在单独的线程中调用底层实现。(如果你想知道为什么,具体的实现会调用一个需要处于不同公寓状态的遗留 COM 对象)。

目前,我正在做这样的事情:

public StaOperationSyncInvoker : IOperationInvoker {
   IOperationInvoker _innerInvoker;
   public StaOperationSyncInvoker(IOperationInvoker invoker) {
       this._innerInvoker = invoker;
   } 


    public IAsyncResult InvokeBegin(object instance, object[] inputs, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
    {
        Thread t = new Thread(BeginInvokeDelegate);
        InvokeDelegateArgs ida = new InvokeDelegateArgs(_innerInvoker, instance, inputs, callback, state);
        t.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
        t.Start(ida);
        // would do t.Join() if doing syncronously
        // how to wait to get IAsyncResult?
        return ida.AsyncResult;
    }

    public object InvokeEnd(object instance, out object[] outputs, IAsyncResult result)
    {
        // how to call invoke end on the 
        // thread? could we have wrapped IAsyncResult
        // to get a reference here?
        return null;
    }

    private class InvokeDelegateArgs {
        public InvokeDelegateArgs(IOperationInvoker invoker, object instance, object[] inputs, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
        {
            this.Invoker = invoker;
            this.Instance = instance;
            this.Inputs = inputs;
            this.Callback = callback;
            this.State = state;
        }

        public IOperationInvoker Invoker { get; private set; }
        public object Instance { get; private set; }
        public AsyncCallback Callback { get; private set; }
        public IAsyncResult AsyncResult { get; set; }
        public Object[] Inputs { get; private set; }
        public Object State { get; private set; }
    }
    private static void BeginInvokeDelegate(object data)
    {
        InvokeDelegateArgs ida = (InvokeDelegateArgs)data;
        ida.AsyncResult = ida.Invoker.InvokeBegin(ida.Instance, ida.Inputs, ida.Callback, ida.State);
    }
}

我想我需要用我自己的方法来包装返回的 AsyncResult,这样我就可以回到我们处理的线程......但老实说,我有点超出我的深度。任何指针?

非常感谢,

詹姆士

4

1 回答 1

1

异步实现同步方法的最简单方法是将其放入委托中,并在生成的委托上使用BeginInvokeandEndInvoke方法。这将在线程池线程上运行同步方法,BeginInvoke并将返回一个IAsyncResult实现,因此您不必实现它的核心。但是,您确实需要将一些额外的数据走私到IAsyncResult返回的IOperationInvoker.InvokeEnd. 您可以通过创建一个IAsyncResult将所有内容委托给内部的实现来轻松做到这一点IAsyncResult,但有一个额外的字段来包含委托,因此当IAsyncResult实例传递给时InvokeEnd,您可以访问委托以调用EndInvoke它。

但是,在仔细阅读您的问题后,我发现您需要使用带有 COM 设置等的显式线程。

您需要做的是正确实施IAsyncResult。几乎所有内容都由此而来,因为IAsyncResult它将包含同步所需的所有位。

这是一个非常简单但效率不高的IAsyncResult. 它封装了所有基本功能:传递参数、同步事件、回调实现、从异步任务传播异常和返回结果。

using System;
using System.Threading;

class MyAsyncResult : IAsyncResult
{
    object _state;
    object _lock = new object();
    ManualResetEvent _doneEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false);
    AsyncCallback _callback;
    Exception _ex;
    bool _done;
    int _result;
    int _x;

    public MyAsyncResult(int x, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
    {
        _callback = callback;
        _state = state;
        _x = x; // arbitrary argument(s)
    }

    public int X { get { return _x; } }

    public void SignalDone(int result)
    {
        lock (_lock)
        {
            _result = result;
            _done = true;
            _doneEvent.Set();
        }
        // never invoke any delegate while holding a lock
        if (_callback != null)
            _callback(this); 
    }

    public void SignalException(Exception ex)
    {
        lock (_lock)
        {
            _ex = ex;
            _done = true;
            _doneEvent.Set();
        }
        if (_callback != null)
            _callback(this);
    }

    public object AsyncState
    {
        get { return _state; }
    }

    public WaitHandle AsyncWaitHandle
    {
        get { return _doneEvent; }
    }

    public bool CompletedSynchronously
    {
        get { return false; }
    }

    public int Result
    {
        // lock (or volatile, complex to explain) needed
        // for memory model problems.
        get
        {
            lock (_lock)
            {
                if (_ex != null)
                    throw _ex;
                return _result;
            }
        }
    }

    public bool IsCompleted
    {
        get { lock (_lock) return _done; }
    }
}

class Program
{
    static void MyTask(object param)
    {
        MyAsyncResult ar = (MyAsyncResult) param;
        try
        {
            int x = ar.X;
            Thread.Sleep(1000); // simulate lengthy work
            ar.SignalDone(x * 2); // demo work = double X
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            ar.SignalException(ex);
        }
    }

    static IAsyncResult Begin(int x, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
    {
        Thread th = new Thread(MyTask);
        MyAsyncResult ar = new MyAsyncResult(x, callback, state);
        th.Start(ar);
        return ar;
    }

    static int End(IAsyncResult ar)
    {
        MyAsyncResult mar = (MyAsyncResult) ar;
        mar.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne();
        return mar.Result; // will throw exception if one 
                           // occurred in background task
    }

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // demo calling code
        // we don't need state or callback for demo
        IAsyncResult ar = Begin(42, null, null); 
        int result = End(ar);
        Console.WriteLine(result);
        Console.ReadLine();
    }
}

客户端代码看不到IAsyncResult实现对于正确性很重要,否则它们可能会不恰当地访问方法或过早SignalException读取。如果没有必要,可以通过不构造实现(在示例中)Result来提高类的效率,但这很难做到 100% 正确。此外,and可以并且应该在实现中处理掉,就像所有实现 的对象一样。显然,应该检查以确保它已经实现了正确的类,以获得比强制转换异常更好的异常。我省略了这些和其他细节,因为它们模糊了异步实现的基本机制。WaitHandleManualResetEventThreadManualResetEventEndIDisposableEnd

于 2009-04-18T13:34:05.037 回答