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给定多个线程,我想将调用工作函数的速率限制为每秒一个。

我的想法是跟踪上次在所有线程中进行调用的时间,并将其与每个线程中的当前时间进行比较。那么如果current_time - last_time < rate. 我让线程休眠了一会儿。我的实现出了点问题——我想我可能对锁的工作方式有错误的认识。

我的代码:

from Queue import Queue
from threading import Thread, Lock, RLock
import time

num_worker_threads = 2
rate = 1
q = Queue()
lock = Lock()
last_time = [time.time()]

def do_work(i, idx):
    # Do work here, print is just a dummy.
    print('Thread: {0}, Item: {1}, Time: {2}'.format(i, idx, time.time()))

def worker(i):
    while True:
        lock.acquire()
        current_time = time.time()
        interval = current_time - last_time[0]
        last_time[0] = current_time
        if interval < rate:
            time.sleep(rate - interval)
        lock.release()
        item = q.get()
        do_work(i, item)
        q.task_done()

for i in range(num_worker_threads):
     t = Thread(target=worker, args=[i])
     t.daemon = True
     t.start()

for item in xrange(10):
    q.put(item)

q.join()

我希望每秒能看到一个呼叫do_work,但是,我同时接到 2 个呼叫(每个线程 1 个呼叫),然后是一秒钟的暂停。怎么了?


好的,一些编辑。简单地限制将项目放入队列的速度的建议很好,但是我记得我必须处理工作人员将项目重新添加到队列中的情况。典型示例:网络任务中的分页或后退重试。我想出了以下内容。我想对于实际的网络任务,eventlet/gevent 库在资源上可能更容易,但这只是一个例子。它基本上使用优先级队列来堆积请求,并使用额外的线程以均匀的速率将项目从堆中铲到实际的任务队列中。我模拟了工人重新插入堆中,重新插入的物品首先被处理。

import sys
import os
import time
import random

from Queue import Queue, PriorityQueue
from threading import Thread

rate = 0.1

def worker(q, q_pile, idx):
    while True:
        item = q.get()
        print("Thread: {0} processed: {1}".format(item[1], idx))
        if random.random() > 0.3:
            print("Thread: {1} reinserting item: {0}".format(item[1], idx))
            q_pile.put((-1 * time.time(), item[1]))
        q.task_done()

def schedule(q_pile, q):
    while True:
        if not q_pile.empty():
            print("Items on pile: {0}".format(q_pile.qsize()))
            q.put(q_pile.get())
            q_pile.task_done()
        time.sleep(rate)

def main():

    q_pile = PriorityQueue()
    q = Queue()

    for i in range(5):
        t = Thread(target=worker, args=[q, q_pile, i])
        t.daemon = True
        t.start()

    t_schedule = Thread(target=schedule, args=[q_pile, q])
    t_schedule.daemon = True
    t_schedule.start()

    [q_pile.put((-1 * time.time(), i)) for i in range(10)]
    q_pile.join()
    q.join()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
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2 回答 2

1

尝试限制多个线程的速率对我来说似乎很奇怪。如果你单独限制每个线程,你可以避免所有的锁定废话。

只是一个猜测,但我认为你想last_time[0]在.time.time()current_timesleep

于 2011-09-28T17:03:36.290 回答
1

我同时接到 2 个电话(每个线程 1 个),然后是一秒钟的暂停。怎么了?

这正是您对实施的期望。假设时间t从 0 开始,速率为 1:

Thread1 这样做:

    lock.acquire() # both threads wait here, one gets the lock
    current_time = time.time() # we start at t=0
    interval = current_time - last_time[0] # so interval = 0
    last_time[0] = current_time # last_time = t = 0
    if interval < rate: # rate = 1 so we sleep
        time.sleep(rate - interval) # to t=1
    lock.release() # now the other thread wakes up
    # it's t=1 and we do the job

Thread2 这样做:

    lock.acquire() # we get the lock at t=1 
    current_time = time.time() # still t=1
    interval = current_time - last_time[0] # interval = 1
    last_time[0] = current_time
    if interval < rate: # interval = rate = 1 so we don't sleep
        time.sleep(rate - interval)
    lock.release() 
    # both threads start the work around t=1

我的建议是限制将项目放入队列的速度。

于 2011-09-28T17:21:18.253 回答