1

为真正冗长的问题道歉。

我正在尝试读取配置文件并获取规则列表。我曾尝试使用 ConfigParser 来执行此操作，但它不是标准配置文件。该文件不包含节标题和令牌。

IE

config section a
将某事设置为其他
config subsection a
将此设置为
下一个
结束

配置防火墙策略
编辑 76
设置 srcintf “那里”
设置 dstintf “这里”
设置 srcaddr “全部”
设置 dstaddr “全部”
设置操作接受
设置计划 “总是”
设置服务 “TCP_5600”
下一个
编辑 77
设置 srcintf “这里”
设置 dstintf “那里"
set srcaddr "all"
set dstaddr "all"
set action accept
set schedule "always"
set service "PING"
next
end

由于我不知道如何让 ConfigParser 工作，我想我会尝试遍历文件，不幸的是我没有太多的编程技能，所以我被卡住了。我真的认为我让这变得比它应该的更复杂。这是我写的代码；

class Parser(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.config_section = ""
        self.config_header = ""
        self.section_list = []
        self.header_list = []

    def parse_config(self, fields): # Create a new section
        new_list = []
        self.config_section = " ".join(fields)
        new_list.append(self.config_section)

        if self.section_list: # Create a sub section
            self.section_list[-1].append(new_list)
        else: self.section_list.append(new_list)

    def parse_edit(self, line): # Create a new header
        self.config_header = line[0]
        self.header_list.append(self.config_header)

        self.section_list[-1].append(self.header_list)  

    def parse_set(self, line): # Key and values
        key_value = {}

        key = line[0]
        values = line[1:]
        key_value[key] = values

        if self.header_list:
            self.header_list.append(key_value)
        else: self.section_list[-1].append(key_value)

    def parse_next(self, line): # Close the header
        self.config_header = []

    def parse_end(self, line): # Close the section
        self.config_section = []

    def parse_file(self, path):
        with open(path) as f:
            for line in f:

                # Clean up the fields and remove unused lines.            
                fields = line.replace('"', '').strip().split(" ")

                if fields[0] == "set":
                    pass
                elif fields[0] == "end":
                    pass
                elif fields[0] == "edit":
                    pass
                elif fields[0] == "config":
                    pass
                elif fields[0] == "next":
                    pass
                else: continue

                # fetch and call method.
                method = fields[0]
                parse_method = "parse_" + method

                getattr(Parser, parse_method)(self, fields[1:])
                return self.section_list

config = Parser().parse_file('test_config.txt')

print config

我正在寻找的输出类似于以下内容；

[['section a', {'something': 'to something else'}, ['subsection a', {'this': 'to that'}]],['firewall policy',['76',{ 'srcintf':'那里'}, {'dstintf':'这里'}{etc.}{etc.}]]]

这就是我得到的

[['a 节']]

编辑

我已经更改了上述内容以反映我目前所处的位置。我仍然无法获得我期望的输出。我似乎无法正确列出清单。

4

4 回答 4

1 
 class Parser(object):

     def __init__(self):
         self.my_section = 0
         self.flag_section = False
         # ...

    def parse_config(self, fields):
         self.my_section += 1
         # go on with fields
         # ...
         self.flag_section = True

     def parse_edit(self, line):
         ...

     def parse_set(self, line):
         ...

     def parse_end(self, line):
         ...

     def parse_file(self, path):
         with open(path) as f:
              for line in f:
                  fields = f.strip().split(" ")

                  method = fields[0]
                  # fetch and call method
                  getattr(Parser, "parse_" + method)(self, fields[1:])
于 2011-09-26T08:46:02.460 回答
1

在尝试解析 Fortigate 配置文件时，我为第一次从 Google 来到这里的人发布了我的答案！我根据自己的需要重写了在这里找到的内容，效果很好。

from collections import defaultdict
from pprint import pprint
import sys

f = lambda: defaultdict(f)

def getFromDict(dataDict, mapList):
    return reduce(lambda d, k: d[k], mapList, dataDict)

def setInDict(dataDict, mapList, value):
    getFromDict(dataDict, mapList[:-1])[mapList[-1]] = value    

class Parser(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.config_header = []
        self.section_dict = defaultdict(f)     

    def parse_config(self, fields): # Create a new section
        self.config_header.append(" ".join(fields))

    def parse_edit(self, line): # Create a new header
        self.config_header.append(line[0])

    def parse_set(self, line): # Key and values
        key = line[0]
        values = " ".join(line[1:])
        headers= self.config_header+[key]
        setInDict(self.section_dict,headers,values)

    def parse_next(self, line): # Close the header
        self.config_header.pop()

    def parse_end(self, line): # Close the section
        self.config_header.pop()

    def parse_file(self, path):          
        with open(path) as f:
            gen_lines = (line.rstrip() for line in f if line.strip())
            for line in gen_lines:
               # pprint(dict(self.section_dict))
                # Clean up the fields and remove unused lines.            
                fields = line.replace('"', '').strip().split(" ")

                valid_fields= ["set","end","edit","config","next"]
                if fields[0] in valid_fields:
                    method = fields[0]
                    # fetch and call method
                    getattr(Parser, "parse_" + method)(self, fields[1:])

        return self.section_dict

config = Parser().parse_file('FGT02_20130308.conf')

print config["system admin"]["admin"]["dashboard-tabs"]["1"]["name"]
print config["firewall address"]["ftp.fr.debian.org"]["type"]
于 2013-03-13T08:02:12.027 回答
0

我不知道这是否也能帮助你，但它对我有用：http ://wiki.python.org/moin/ConfigParserExamples

玩得开心 ！

于 2011-09-26T08:48:58.280 回答
0

我会以更简单的方式来做：

flagSection = False
flagSub = False

mySection = 0
mySubsection = 0
myItem = 0

with open('d:/config.txt', 'r') as f:
    gen_lines = (line.rstrip() for line in f if line.strip())

    for line in gen_lines:

            if line[0:7]=='config ':
                mySection = mySection + 1
                newLine = line[7:]
                # Create a new section
                # Mark section as open
                flagSection == True

            elif line[0:5]=='edit '):
                mySubsection = mySubsection + 1
                newLine = line[5:]
                # Create a new sub-section
                # Mark subsection as open
                flagSub == true

            elif line[0:4]=='set '):
                myItem = myItem + 1
                name, value = x.split(' ',2)[1:]
                # Add to whatever is open

            elif line=='end':
                # If subsection = open then close and goto end
                if flagSub:
                # Or if section = open then close and goto end
                elif flagSection:
                # :End
                continue

该指令gen_lines = (line.rstrip() for line in f if line.strip()) 创建了一个非空行生成器（感谢 test if line.strip()），没有换行符，右边没有空格（感谢line.rstrip()）

.

如果我想更多地了解您想要使用名称、值和在打开的部分中执行的操作if line=='end'，我可以使用正则表达式提出代码。

编辑

from time import clock

n = 1000000

print 'Measuring times with clock()'

te = clock()
for i in xrange(n):
    x = ('abcdfafdf'[:3] == 'end')
print clock()-te,
print "\tx = ('abcdfafdf'[:3] == 'end')"


te = clock()
for i in xrange(n):
    x = 'abcdfafdf'.startswith('end')
print clock()-te,
print "\tx = 'abcdfafdf'.startswith('end')"



print '\nMeasuring times with timeit module'

import timeit

ti = timeit.repeat("x = ('abcdfafdf'[:3] == 'end')",repeat=10,number = n)
print min(ti),
print "\tx = ('abcdfafdf'[:3] == 'end')"

to = timeit.repeat("x = 'abcdfafdf'.startswith('end')",repeat=10,number = n)
print min(to),
print "\tx = 'abcdfafdf'.startswith('end')"

结果：

Measuring times with clock()
0.543445605517  x = ('abcdfafdf'[:3] == 'end')
1.08590449345   x = 'abcdfafdf'.startswith('end')

Measuring times with timeit module
0.294152748464  x = ('abcdfafdf'[:3] == 'end')
0.901923289133  x = 'abcdfafdf'.startswith('end')

由于在程序运行时 GC 被拔掉， timieit的时间是否比clock()小？无论如何，使用clock()或timeit模块，执行startswith()比切片花费更多时间。

于 2011-09-26T09:20:19.577 回答