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我正在实现一个基于 Twisted 的心跳客户端/服务器组合，基于这个例子。这是我的第一个 Twisted 项目。

基本上它由一个 UDP 侦听器 ( ) 组成，它在接收包时Receiver调用侦听器方法 ( )。DetectorService.updateDetectorService 始终保存当前活动/非活动客户端的列表（我对示例进行了很多扩展，但核心仍然相同），从而可以对在指定超时后似乎断开连接的客户端做出反应。

这是从该站点获取的来源：

UDP_PORT = 43278; CHECK_PERIOD = 20; CHECK_TIMEOUT = 15

import time
from twisted.application import internet, service
from twisted.internet import protocol
from twisted.python import log

class Receiver(protocol.DatagramProtocol):
    """Receive UDP packets and log them in the clients dictionary"""

    def datagramReceived(self, data, (ip, port)):
        if data == 'PyHB':
            self.callback(ip)

class DetectorService(internet.TimerService):
    """Detect clients not sending heartbeats for too long"""

    def __init__(self):
        internet.TimerService.__init__(self, CHECK_PERIOD, self.detect)
        self.beats = {}

    def update(self, ip):
        self.beats[ip] = time.time()

    def detect(self):
        """Log a list of clients with heartbeat older than CHECK_TIMEOUT"""
        limit = time.time() - CHECK_TIMEOUT
        silent = [ip for (ip, ipTime) in self.beats.items() if ipTime < limit]
        log.msg('Silent clients: %s' % silent)

application = service.Application('Heartbeat')
# define and link the silent clients' detector service
detectorSvc = DetectorService()
detectorSvc.setServiceParent(application)
# create an instance of the Receiver protocol, and give it the callback
receiver = Receiver()
receiver.callback = detectorSvc.update
# define and link the UDP server service, passing the receiver in
udpServer = internet.UDPServer(UDP_PORT, receiver)
udpServer.setServiceParent(application)
# each service is started automatically by Twisted at launch time
log.msg('Asynchronous heartbeat server listening on port %d\n'
    'press Ctrl-C to stop\n' % UDP_PORT)

此心跳服务器作为后台守护程序运行。

现在我的问题：

我需要能够“从外部”运行脚本以在控制台上打印离线/在线客户端的数量，接收者在其一生中收集这些数量（self.beats）。像这样：

$ pyhb showactiveclients
3 clients online 
$ pyhb showofflineclients
1 client offline

所以我需要在我的 DetectorService 中添加某种额外的服务器（Socket、Tcp、RPC - 没关系。重点是我能够构建具有上述行为的客户端脚本），它允许从外部连接到它。它应该只对请求做出响应。

该服务器需要访问正在运行的检测器服务实例的内部变量，所以我猜测我必须使用某种附加服务来扩展 DetectorService。

经过几个小时尝试将检测器服务与其他几个服务结合起来，我仍然不知道实现这种行为的最佳方法是什么。所以我希望有人能给我至少基本的提示如何开始解决这个问题。提前致谢！！！

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1 回答 1

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我认为您已经对这里的解决方案有了大致的了解，因为您已经将其应用于 and 之间的Receiver交互DetectorService。这个想法是让你的对象引用其他对象，让他们做他们需要做的事情。

因此，考虑一个基于beats数据响应请求并返回结果的 Web 服务：

from twisted.web.resource import Resource

class BeatsResource(Resource):
    # It has no children, let it respond to the / URL for brevity.
    isLeaf = True

    def __init__(self, detector):
        Resource.__init__(self)
        # This is the idea - BeatsResource has a reference to the detector,
        # which has the data needed to compute responses.
        self._detector = detector

    def render_GET(self, request):
        limit = time.time() - CHECK_TIMEOUT
        # Here, use that data.
        beats = self._detector.beats
        silent = [ip for (ip, ipTime) in beats.items() if ipTime < limit]
        request.setHeader('content-type', 'text/plain')
        return "%d silent clients" % (len(silent),)

# Integrate this into the existing application
application = service.Application('Heartbeat')
detectorSvc = DetectorService()
detectorSvc.setServiceParent(application)
.
.
.
from twisted.web.server import Site
from twisted.application.internet import TCPServer

# The other half of the idea - make sure to give the resource that reference 
# it needs.
root = BeatsResource(detectorSvc)
TCPServer(8080, Site(root)).setServiceParent(application)
于 2011-09-16T17:55:35.007 回答