vmware - 推荐的虚拟化硬件规格是什么？

Question

我们是一家初创公司，还没有投资硬件资源来准备我们的开发和测试环境。建议是购买高端服务器，安装 vmware ESX 并部署多个 VM 用于构建、TFS、数据库……用于测试、调试和开发环境。我们仍然不确定要搭配哪些规格，例如 RAM、是否需要 SAN？、HD、处理器等。

请指教。

Answer 1

You haven't really given much information to go on. It all depends on what type of applications you're developing, resource usage, need to configure different environments, etc.

Virtualization provides cost savings when you're looking to consolidate underutilized hardware. If each environment is sitting idle most of the time, then it makes sense to virtualize them.

However if each of your build/tfs/testing/staging/dev environments will be heavily used by all developers during the working day simultaniously then there might not be as many cost savings by virtualizing everything.

My advice would be if you're not sure, then don't do it. You can always virtualize later and reuse the hardware.

Answer 2

这是一个非常开放的问题，确实有一个最佳答案......“这取决于”。

如果你有钱为你需要的一切购买单独的机器，那就走那条路。您可以使用此选项在硬件上缩减一点。

如果您没有钱购买单台机器，那么您可能需要为此考虑高端服务器。如果这是你的路线，我会看一台至少有 8GB RAM 和多个 NIC 的四核机器。您可以使用具有多个硬盘驱动器托架的服务器盒，您可以在其上设置多个 RAIDS。我建议您使用 RAID 5，以便获得冗余。

有了这样的东西，您可以毫无问题地运行多个 VMWare 会话。

我在上一份工作中设置了一个 10TB 的盒子。它有 2 个 NIC，8GB，并且是四台机器。包括的一切费用约为 9.5K

Answer 3

您的硬件要求将在一定程度上取决于您希望这些东西具有什么样的可靠性。如果您使用它来运行所有内容，我建议您至少有两台机器将虚拟机分开，如果您正常使用 N 台服务器，您应该能够在其中的 N-1 台上获得您的供应商更换坏零件所需的时间。

在低端，这是 2 台服务器。如果您想要更高的可靠性（即更少的停机时间），那么将需要某种类型的 SAN 来存储数据（我见过的所有实时迁移都是基于 SAN 的）。如果您可以使用“手动”方法（关闭两台服务器，将驱动器从服务器 1 移动到服务器 2，启动服务器 2，重新配置虚拟机以使用更少的内存并启动），那么您实际上并不需要 SAN 路由。

At the end of the day, your biggest sizing requirement will be HD and RAM. Your HD footprint will be relatively fixed (at least in most kinds of a dev/test environment), and your RAM footprint should be relatively fixed as well (though extra here is always nice). CPU is usually one thing you can skimp on a little bit if you have to, so long as you're willing to wait for builds and the like.

The other nice thing about going all virtualized is that you can start with a pair of big servers and grow out as your needs change. Need to give your dev environment more power? Get another server and split the VMs up. Need to simulate a 4-node cluster? Lower the memory usage of the existing node and spin up 3 copies.

At this point, unless I needed very high-end performance (ie. I need to consider clustering high-end physical servers for performance needs), I'd go with a virtualized environment. With the extensions on modern CPUs and OS/hypervisor support for them, the hit is not that big if done correct.

Answer 4

If you can't afford to buy the single machines then you probably are not in a good position to start re-usably with virtualisation.

One way you can do it is take the minimum requirements for all your systems, i.e. TFS, mail, web etc., add them all together and that will give you an idea of half the minimum server you need to host all those systems. Double it and you be near what will get you buy, if you have spare cash double/triple the RAM. Most OSes run better with more RAM to particular ceiling. Think about buying expandable storage of some kind and aim for half populated to start with which will keep the initial cost/GB and make for some expansion at lower cost in the future.

You can also buy servers which take multiple CPUs but only put in the minimum amount of CPUs. Also go for as many cores on a CPU as you can get for thermal, physical and licensing efficiency.

I appreciate this is a very late reply but as I didn't see many ESX answers here I wanted to post a reply though my post equally relates to Hyper-V etc.