考虑以下 C 程序:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
typedef void callptr();
static void fixed(void *something, double val)
{
printf("%f\n", val);
}
static void dynamic(void *something, ...)
{
va_list args;
va_start(args, something);
double arg = va_arg(args, double);
printf("%f\n", arg);
}
int main()
{
double x = 1337.1337;
callptr *dynamic_func = (callptr *) &dynamic;
dynamic_func(NULL, x);
callptr *fixed_func = (callptr *) &fixed;
fixed_func(NULL, x);
printf("%f\n", x);
}
基本上,这个想法是将带有可变参数的函数存储在“通用”函数指针中。作为比较,我还包含了另一个具有固定参数列表的函数。现在看看在 x86 Linux、amd64 Linux、Win32 和 Win64 上运行时会发生什么:
$ gcc -m32 -o test test.c
$ file test
test: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.9, not stripped
$ ./test
1337.133700
1337.133700
1337.133700
$ gcc -o test test.c
$ file test
test: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.9, not stripped
$ ./test
1337.133700
1337.133700
1337.133700
C:\>gcc -o test.exe test.c
C:\>file test.exe
test.exe: PE32 executable for MS Windows (console) Intel 80386 32-bit
C:\>test.exe
1337.133700
1337.133700
1337.133700
C:\>x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc -o test.exe test.c
C:\>file test.exe
test.exe: PE32+ executable for MS Windows (console) Mono/.Net assembly
C:\>test.exe
0.000000
1337.133700
1337.133700
为什么动态函数在 Win64 上从变量参数列表中获得零值,但在任何其他配置上都没有?这样的事情是否合法?我认为这是因为编译器没有抱怨。