我想列出 a 中的所有子视图UIViewController
。我试过self.view.subviews
了,但不是所有的子视图都列出来了,比如UITableViewCell
没有找到里面的子视图。任何的想法?
22 回答
您必须递归地迭代子视图。
- (void)listSubviewsOfView:(UIView *)view {
// Get the subviews of the view
NSArray *subviews = [view subviews];
for (UIView *subview in subviews) {
// Do what you want to do with the subview
NSLog(@"%@", subview);
// List the subviews of subview
[self listSubviewsOfView:subview];
}
}
转储视图层次结构的 xcode/gdb 内置方法很有用——recursiveDescription,根据http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#technotes/tn2239/_index.html
它输出一个更完整的视图层次结构,您可能会发现它很有用:
> po [_myToolbar recursiveDescription]
<UIToolbarButton: 0xd866040; frame = (152 0; 15 44); opaque = NO; layer = <CALayer: 0xd864230>>
| <UISwappableImageView: 0xd8660f0; frame = (0 0; 0 0); opaque = NO; userInteractionEnabled = NO; layer = <CALayer: 0xd86a160>>
Swift 中优雅的递归解决方案:
extension UIView {
func subviewsRecursive() -> [UIView] {
return subviews + subviews.flatMap { $0.subviewsRecursive() }
}
}
您可以在任何 UIView 上调用 subviewsRecursive():
let allSubviews = self.view.subviewsRecursive()
您需要递归打印,此方法还根据视图的深度进行选项卡
-(void) printAllChildrenOfView:(UIView*) node depth:(int) d
{
//Tabs are just for formatting
NSString *tabs = @"";
for (int i = 0; i < d; i++)
{
tabs = [tabs stringByAppendingFormat:@"\t"];
}
NSLog(@"%@%@", tabs, node);
d++; //Increment the depth
for (UIView *child in node.subviews)
{
[self printAllChildrenOfView:child depth:d];
}
}
这是快速版本
func listSubviewsOfView(view:UIView){
// Get the subviews of the view
var subviews = view.subviews
// Return if there are no subviews
if subviews.count == 0 {
return
}
for subview : AnyObject in subviews{
// Do what you want to do with the subview
println(subview)
// List the subviews of subview
listSubviewsOfView(subview as UIView)
}
}
我参加聚会有点晚了,但有一个更通用的解决方案:
@implementation UIView (childViews)
- (NSArray*) allSubviews {
__block NSArray* allSubviews = [NSArray arrayWithObject:self];
[self.subviews enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^( UIView* view, NSUInteger idx, BOOL*stop) {
allSubviews = [allSubviews arrayByAddingObjectsFromArray:[view allSubviews]];
}];
return allSubviews;
}
@end
细节
- Xcode 9.0.1,斯威夫特 4
- Xcode 10.2 (10E125)、斯威夫特 5
解决方案
extension UIView {
private func subviews(parentView: UIView, level: Int = 0, printSubviews: Bool = false) -> [UIView] {
var result = [UIView]()
if level == 0 && printSubviews {
result.append(parentView)
print("\(parentView.viewInfo)")
}
for subview in parentView.subviews {
if printSubviews { print("\(String(repeating: "-", count: level))\(subview.viewInfo)") }
result.append(subview)
if subview.subviews.isEmpty { continue }
result += subviews(parentView: subview, level: level+1, printSubviews: printSubviews)
}
return result
}
private var viewInfo: String { return "\(classForCoder), frame: \(frame))" }
var allSubviews: [UIView] { return subviews(parentView: self) }
func printSubviews() { _ = subviews(parentView: self, printSubviews: true) }
}
用法
view.printSubviews()
print("\(view.allSubviews.count)")
结果
如果你想要的只是一个UIView
s 数组,这是一个单行解决方案(Swift 4+):
extension UIView {
var allSubviews: [UIView] {
return self.subviews.reduce([UIView]()) { $0 + [$1] + $1.allSubviews }
}
}
我用这种方式:
NSLog(@"%@", [self.view subviews]);
在 UIViewController 中。
简单的斯威夫特示例:
var arrOfSub = self.view.subviews
print("Number of Subviews: \(arrOfSub.count)")
for item in arrOfSub {
print(item)
}
以我的方式,UIView的category或者extension比其他的好很多,递归是获取所有子view的关键
学到更多:
https://github.com/ZhipingYang/XYDebugView
Objective-C
@implementation UIView (Recurrence)
- (NSArray<UIView *> *)recurrenceAllSubviews
{
NSMutableArray <UIView *> *all = @[].mutableCopy;
void (^getSubViewsBlock)(UIView *current) = ^(UIView *current){
[all addObject:current];
for (UIView *sub in current.subviews) {
[all addObjectsFromArray:[sub recurrenceAllSubviews]];
}
};
getSubViewsBlock(self);
return [NSArray arrayWithArray:all];
}
@end
例子
NSArray *views = [viewController.view recurrenceAllSubviews];
斯威夫特 3.1
extension UIView {
func recurrenceAllSubviews() -> [UIView] {
var all = [UIView]()
func getSubview(view: UIView) {
all.append(view)
guard view.subviews.count>0 else { return }
view.subviews.forEach{ getSubview(view: $0) }
}
getSubview(view: self)
return all
}
}
例子
let views = viewController.view.recurrenceAllSubviews()
直接,使用序列函数获取所有子视图
let viewSequence = sequence(state: [viewController.view]) { (state: inout [UIView] ) -> [UIView]? in
guard state.count > 0 else { return nil }
defer {
state = state.map{ $0.subviews }.flatMap{ $0 }
}
return state
}
let views = viewSequence.flatMap{ $0 }
未打印 UITableViewCell 中的子视图的原因是您必须在顶层输出所有子视图。单元格的子视图不是您视图的直接子视图。
为了获得 UITableViewCell 的子视图,您需要isKindOfClass:
在打印循环中确定哪些子视图属于 UITableViewCell(使用),然后遍历它的子视图
编辑:这篇关于Easy UIView 调试的博文可能会有所帮助
我写了一个类别来列出视图控制器持有的所有视图,该视图控制器受之前发布的答案的启发。
@interface UIView (ListSubviewHierarchy)
- (NSString *)listOfSubviews;
@end
@implementation UIView (ListSubviewHierarchy)
- (NSInteger)depth
{
NSInteger depth = 0;
if ([self superview]) {
deepth = [[self superview] depth] + 1;
}
return depth;
}
- (NSString *)listOfSubviews
{
NSString * indent = @"";
NSInteger depth = [self depth];
for (int counter = 0; counter < depth; counter ++) {
indent = [indent stringByAppendingString:@" "];
}
__block NSString * listOfSubviews = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"\n%@%@", indent, [self description];
if ([self.subviews count] > 0) {
[self.subviews enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(id obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) {
UIView * subview = obj;
listOfSubviews = [listOfSubviews stringByAppendingFormat:@"%@", [subview listOfSubviews]];
}];
}
return listOfSubviews;
}
@end
要列出视图控制器持有的所有视图,只需NSLog("%@",[self listOfSubviews])
,这self
意味着视图控制器本身。虽然效率不高。
另外,你可以NSLog(@"\n%@", [(id)self.view performSelector:@selector(recursiveDescription)]);
用来做同样的事情,我认为它比我的实现更有效。
您可以尝试一个花哨的数组技巧,例如:
[self.view.subviews makeObjectsPerformSelector: @selector(printAllChildrenOfView)];
就一行代码。当然,您可能需要调整方法printAllChildrenOfView
以不使用任何参数或创建新方法。
Swift 2.0 兼容
这是获取通用视图的所有子视图的递归方法:
extension UIView {
func subviewsList() -> [UIView] {
var subviews = self.subviews
if subviews.count == 0 {
return subviews + []
}
for v in subviews {
subviews += v.listSubviewsOfView()
}
return subviews
}
}
所以你可以用这种方式到处调用:
let view = FooController.view
let subviews = view.subviewsList()
这是对这个答案的重写:
您必须首先获取要打印其所有子视图的对象的指针/引用。有时您可能会发现通过其子视图访问该对象更容易找到该对象。喜欢po someSubview.superview
。这会给你类似的东西:
Optional<UIView>
▿ some : <FacebookApp.WhatsNewView: 0x7f91747c71f0; frame = (30 50; 354 636); clipsToBounds = YES; layer = <CALayer: 0x6100002370e0>>
- FaceBookApp 是您的应用名称
- WhatsNewView 是您的类型
superview
0x7f91747c71f0
是指向超级视图的指针。
要打印 superView,必须使用断点。
现在要执行此步骤,您只需单击“查看调试层次结构”。不需要断点
然后你可以很容易地做到:
po [0x7f91747c71f0 recursiveDescription]
这对我来说返回了类似的东西:
<FacebookApp.WhatsNewView: 0x7f91747c71f0; frame = (30 50; 354 636); clipsToBounds = YES; layer = <CALayer: 0x6100002370e0>>
| <UIStackView: 0x7f91747c75f0; frame = (45 60; 264 93); layer = <CATransformLayer: 0x610000230ec0>>
| | <UIImageView: 0x7f916ef38c30; frame = (10.6667 0; 243 58); opaque = NO; userInteractionEnabled = NO; layer = <CALayer: 0x61000003b840>>
| | <UIStackView: 0x7f91747c8230; frame = (44.6667 58; 174.667 35); layer = <CATransformLayer: 0x6100006278c0>>
| | | <FacebookApp.CopyableUILabel: 0x7f91747a80b0; baseClass = UILabel; frame = (44 0; 86.6667 16); text = 'What's New'; gestureRecognizers = <NSArray: 0x610000c4a770>; layer = <_UILabelLayer: 0x610000085550>>
| | | <FacebookApp.CopyableUILabel: 0x7f916ef396a0; baseClass = UILabel; frame = (0 21; 174.667 14); text = 'Version 14.0.5c Oct 05, 2...'; gestureRecognizers = <NSArray: 0x610000c498a0>; layer = <_UILabelLayer: 0x610000087300>>
| <UITextView: 0x7f917015ce00; frame = (45 183; 264 403); text = ' • new Adding new feature...'; clipsToBounds = YES; gestureRecognizers = <NSArray: 0x6100000538f0>; layer = <CALayer: 0x61000042f000>; contentOffset: {0, 0}; contentSize: {264, 890}>
| | <<_UITextContainerView: 0x7f9170a13350; frame = (0 0; 264 890); layer = <_UITextTiledLayer: 0x6080002c0930>> minSize = {0, 0}, maxSize = {1.7976931348623157e+308, 1.7976931348623157e+308}, textContainer = <NSTextContainer: 0x610000117b20 size = (264.000000,340282346638528859811704183484516925440.000000); widthTracksTextView = YES; heightTracksTextView = NO>; exclusionPaths = 0x61000001bc30; lineBreakMode = 0>
| | | <_UITileLayer: 0x60800023f8a0> (layer)
| | | <_UITileLayer: 0x60800023f3c0> (layer)
| | | <_UITileLayer: 0x60800023f360> (layer)
| | | <_UITileLayer: 0x60800023eca0> (layer)
| | <UIImageView: 0x7f9170a7d370; frame = (-39 397.667; 36 2.33333); alpha = 0; opaque = NO; autoresize = TM; userInteractionEnabled = NO; layer = <CALayer: 0x60800023f4c0>>
| | <UIImageView: 0x7f9170a7d560; frame = (258.667 -39; 2.33333 36); alpha = 0; opaque = NO; autoresize = LM; userInteractionEnabled = NO; layer = <CALayer: 0x60800023f5e0>>
| <UIView: 0x7f916ef149c0; frame = (0 587; 354 0); layer = <CALayer: 0x6100006392a0>>
| <UIButton: 0x7f91747a8730; frame = (0 0; 0 0); clipsToBounds = YES; opaque = NO; layer = <CALayer: 0x610000639320>>
| | <UIButtonLabel: 0x7f916ef00a80; frame = (0 -5.66667; 0 16); text = 'See More Details'; opaque = NO; userInteractionEnabled = NO; layer = <_UILabelLayer: 0x610000084d80>>
你一定猜到我的超级视图有 4 个子视图:
- 一个 stackView(stackView 本身有一个图像和另一个 stackView(这个 stackView 有 2 个自定义标签))
- 一个文本视图
- 一个看法
- 一个按钮
这对我来说相当新,但帮助我调试了我的视图框架(以及文本和类型)。我的一个子视图没有出现在屏幕上,所以使用了 recursiveDescription 并且我意识到我的一个子视图的宽度是0
......所以我纠正了它的约束并且子视图出现了。
或者,如果您想从 UIView 扩展返回所有子视图(和嵌套子视图)的数组:
func getAllSubviewsRecursively() -> [AnyObject] {
var allSubviews: [AnyObject] = []
for subview in self.subviews {
if let subview = subview as? UIView {
allSubviews.append(subview)
allSubviews = allSubviews + subview.getAllSubviewsRecursively()
}
}
return allSubviews
}
AC# Xamarin 版本:
void ListSubviewsOfView(UIView view)
{
var subviews = view.Subviews;
if (subviews.Length == 0) return;
foreach (var subView in subviews)
{
Console.WriteLine("Subview of type {0}", subView.GetType());
ListSubviewsOfView(subView);
}
}
或者,如果您想查找我使用的特定类型的所有子视图:
List<T> FindViews<T>(UIView view)
{
List<T> allSubviews = new List<T>();
var subviews = view.Subviews.Where(x => x.GetType() == typeof(T)).ToList();
if (subviews.Count == 0) return allSubviews;
foreach (var subView in subviews)
{
allSubviews.AddRange(FindViews<T>(subView));
}
return allSubviews;
}
我已经在一个类别中完成了它,它只UIView
调用传递索引的函数以用漂亮的树格式打印它们。这只是James Webster发布的答案的另一种选择。
#pragma mark - Views Tree
- (void)printSubviewsTreeWithIndex:(NSInteger)index
{
if (!self)
{
return;
}
NSString *tabSpace = @"";
@autoreleasepool
{
for (NSInteger x = 0; x < index; x++)
{
tabSpace = [tabSpace stringByAppendingString:@"\t"];
}
}
NSLog(@"%@%@", tabSpace, self);
if (!self.subviews)
{
return;
}
@autoreleasepool
{
for (UIView *subView in self.subviews)
{
[subView printViewsTreeWithIndex:index++];
}
}
}
我希望它有帮助:)
- (NSString *)recusiveDescription:(UIView *)view
{
NSString *s = @"";
NSArray *subviews = [view subviews];
if ([subviews count] == 0) return @"no subviews";
for (UIView *subView in subviews) {
s = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"<%@; frame = (%f %f : %f %f) \n ",NSStringFromClass([subView class]), subView.frame.origin.x, subView.frame.origin.y ,subView.frame.size.width, subView.frame.size.height];
[self recusiveDescription:subView];
}
return s;
}
self.view.subviews 维护视图的层次结构。要获取 uitableviewcell 的子视图,您必须执行以下操作。
for (UIView *subView in self.view.subviews) {
if ([subView isKindOfClass:[UITableView class]]) {
for (UIView *tableSubview in subView.subviews) {
.......
}
}
}