我有一个List<bool>
要转换为byte[]
. 我该怎么做呢?
list.toArray()
创建一个bool[]
.
7 回答
这里有两种方法,具体取决于您是要将位打包成字节,还是与原始位一样多的字节:
bool[] bools = { true, false, true, false, false, true, false, true,
true };
// basic - same count
byte[] arr1 = Array.ConvertAll(bools, b => b ? (byte)1 : (byte)0);
// pack (in this case, using the first bool as the lsb - if you want
// the first bool as the msb, reverse things ;-p)
int bytes = bools.Length / 8;
if ((bools.Length % 8) != 0) bytes++;
byte[] arr2 = new byte[bytes];
int bitIndex = 0, byteIndex = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < bools.Length; i++)
{
if (bools[i])
{
arr2[byteIndex] |= (byte)(((byte)1) << bitIndex);
}
bitIndex++;
if (bitIndex == 8)
{
bitIndex = 0;
byteIndex++;
}
}
马克的回答已经很好了,但是......
假设你是那种喜欢玩比特的人,或者只是想写更少的代码并挤出更多的性能,那么这里的代码是给你的好先生/女士:
byte[] PackBoolsInByteArray(bool[] bools)
{
int len = bools.Length;
int bytes = len >> 3;
if ((len & 0x07) != 0) ++bytes;
byte[] arr2 = new byte[bytes];
for (int i = 0; i < bools.Length; i++)
{
if (bools[i])
arr2[i >> 3] |= (byte)(1 << (i & 0x07));
}
}
它与 Marc 的代码完全相同,只是更简洁。
当然,如果我们真的想全力以赴,我们也可以展开它............
当我们在它的时候,让我们在返回类型上扔一个曲线球!
IEnumerable<byte> PackBoolsInByteEnumerable(bool[] bools)
{
int len = bools.Length;
int rem = len & 0x07; // hint: rem = len % 8.
/*
byte[] byteArr = rem == 0 // length is a multiple of 8? (no remainder?)
? new byte[len >> 3] // -yes-
: new byte[(len >> 3)+ 1]; // -no-
*/
const byte BZ = 0,
B0 = 1 << 0, B1 = 1 << 1, B2 = 1 << 2, B3 = 1 << 3,
B4 = 1 << 4, B5 = 1 << 5, B6 = 1 << 6, B7 = 1 << 7;
byte b;
int i = 0;
for (int mul = len & ~0x07; i < mul; i += 8) // hint: len = mul + rem.
{
b = bools[i] ? B0 : BZ;
if (bools[i + 1]) b |= B1;
if (bools[i + 2]) b |= B2;
if (bools[i + 3]) b |= B3;
if (bools[i + 4]) b |= B4;
if (bools[i + 5]) b |= B5;
if (bools[i + 6]) b |= B6;
if (bools[i + 7]) b |= B7;
//byteArr[i >> 3] = b;
yield return b;
}
if (rem != 0) // take care of the remainder...
{
b = bools[i] ? B0 : BZ; // (there is at least one more bool.)
switch (rem) // rem is [1:7] (fall-through switch!)
{
case 7:
if (bools[i + 6]) b |= B6;
goto case 6;
case 6:
if (bools[i + 5]) b |= B5;
goto case 5;
case 5:
if (bools[i + 4]) b |= B4;
goto case 4;
case 4:
if (bools[i + 3]) b |= B3;
goto case 3;
case 3:
if (bools[i + 2]) b |= B2;
goto case 2;
case 2:
if (bools[i + 1]) b |= B1;
break;
// case 1 is the statement above the switch!
}
//byteArr[i >> 3] = b; // write the last byte to the array.
yield return b; // yield the last byte.
}
//return byteArr;
}
提示:如您所见,我包含了将 abyte[]
作为注释返回的代码。如果这是您想要/需要的,只需注释掉这两个 yield 语句。
Twiddling 提示:
Shiftingx >> 3
更便宜x / 8
。
掩蔽x & 0x07
是更便宜的x % 8
。
掩蔽x & ~0x07
是更便宜的x - x % 8
。
编辑: 这是一些示例文档:
/// <summary>
/// Bit-packs an array of booleans into bytes, one bit per boolean.
/// </summary><remarks>
/// Booleans are bit-packed into bytes, in order, from least significant
/// bit to most significant bit of each byte.<br/>
/// If the length of the input array isn't a multiple of eight, then one
/// or more of the most significant bits in the last byte returned will
/// be unused. Unused bits are zero / unset.
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="bools">An array of booleans to pack into bytes.</param>
/// <returns>
/// An IEnumerable<byte> of bytes each containing (up to) eight
/// bit-packed booleans.
/// </returns>
您可以使用 LINQ。这不会是有效的,但会很简单。我假设您希望每个布尔值一个字节。
bool[] a = new bool[] { true, false, true, true, false, true };
byte[] b = (from x in a select x ? (byte)0x1 : (byte)0x0).ToArray();
或者AnorZaken 的回答IEnumerable
方法:
static IEnumerable<byte> PackBools(IEnumerable<bool> bools)
{
int bitIndex = 0;
byte currentByte = 0;
foreach (bool val in bools) {
if (val)
currentByte |= (byte)(1 << bitIndex);
if (++bitIndex == 8) {
yield return currentByte;
bitIndex = 0;
currentByte = 0;
}
}
if (bitIndex != 8) {
yield return currentByte;
}
}
并且相应的解包paddingEnd
意味着从最后一个字节中丢弃的比特量来解包:
static IEnumerable<bool> UnpackBools(IEnumerable<byte> bytes, int paddingEnd = 0)
{
using (var enumerator = bytes.GetEnumerator()) {
bool last = !enumerator.MoveNext();
while (!last) {
byte current = enumerator.Current;
last = !enumerator.MoveNext();
for (int i = 0; i < 8 - (last ? paddingEnd : 0); i++) {
yield return (current & (1 << i)) != 0;
}
}
}
}
如果您对列表的类型有任何控制权,请尝试将其设为 List,然后它将在 ToArray() 上生成 byte[]。如果你有一个 ArrayList,你可以使用:
(byte[])list.ToArray(typeof(byte));
要获取列表,您可以使用未指定的列表迭代器创建一个作为构造函数的输入,然后生成 ToArray()? 或者复制每个项目,从 bool 转换为一个新字节?
关于它是什么类型的列表的一些信息可能会有所帮助。
看看BitConverter类。根据您的需求的确切性质,它可以很好地解决您的问题。
另一种 LINQ 方法,不如@hfcs101 有效,但也很容易适用于其他值类型:
var a = new [] { true, false, true, true, false, true };
byte[] b = a.Select(BitConverter.GetBytes).SelectMany(x => x).ToArray();