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我正在尝试创建一个类型定义类似于的树

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub(crate) struct TreeBox<T> {
    root: Option<Box<NodeBox<T>>>,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
struct NodeBox<T> {
    value: T,
    left: Option<Box<NodeBox<T>>>,
    right: Option<Box<NodeBox<T>>>,
}

带插入功能

impl<T: Ord> TreeBox<T> {
    fn new() -> Self {
        Self { root: None }
    }

    pub fn insert(&mut self, value: T) -> bool {
        let mut node = &mut self.root;

        while let Option::Some(current_node) = node {
            match current_node.value.cmp(&value) {
                Ordering::Less => node = &mut current_node.right,
                Ordering::Equal => return false,
                Ordering::Greater => node = &mut current_node.left,
            }
        }

        *node = Option::Some(Box::new(NodeBox {
            value,
            left: Option::None,
            right: Option::None,
        }));

        return true;
    }
}

这非常有效,我对实施非常满意。但是我想将每个节点的引用存储到它的父节点。经过一些研究,我发现这篇文章描述了使用RefCellWeak结构的实现。

有了这些知识,我的计划是更新上面的示例。我的想法是我可以Box<...>Rc<RefCell<..>>. 我的想法是这些类型非常相似,因为它们都存储对某个数据结构的引用,唯一的区别是可以有多个Rc<RefCell<..>>' 指向该数据结构。我将我的实现更改为

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub(crate) struct Tree<T> {
    root: Option<Rc<RefCell<Node<T>>>>,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
struct Node<T> {
    value: T,
    left: Option<Rc<RefCell<Node<T>>>>,
    right: Option<Rc<RefCell<Node<T>>>>,
}

impl<T: Ord> Tree<T> {
    fn new() -> Self {
        Self { root: None }
    }

    pub fn insert(&mut self, value: T) -> bool {
        let mut node = &mut self.root;

        while let Option::Some(current_node) = node {
            let cmp = current_node.borrow().value.cmp(&value);
            match cmp {
                Ordering::Less => node = &mut current_node.borrow_mut().right,
                Ordering::Equal => return false,
                Ordering::Greater => node = &mut current_node.borrow_mut().left,
            };
        }

        *node = Option::Some(Rc::new(RefCell::new(Node {
            value,
            left: Option::None,
            right: Option::None,
        })));

        return true;
    }
}

但是这个更新的例子没有运行,说

error[E0716]: temporary value dropped while borrowed
  --> src/lib.rs:28:47
   |
28 |                 Ordering::Less => node = &mut current_node.borrow_mut().right,
   |                                               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^     -
   |                                               |                             |
   |                                               |                             temporary value is freed at the end of this statement
   |                                               |                             ... and the borrow might be used here, when that temporary is dropped and runs the destructor for type `RefMut<'_, Node<T>>`
   |                                               creates a temporary which is freed while still in use
   |                                               a temporary with access to the borrow is created here ...
   |
   = note: consider using a `let` binding to create a longer lived value

我的例子是错误的,还是我对 rusts 还不太了解Rc<RefCell<_>>

带有上述示例的游乐场链接:https ://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=9929b2118e2430f03035da4c65a4cf2f

4

1 回答 1

2

所以,你有几个问题。第一个是你试图引用一个Option包含一个生命周期很短的值的引用,因为它与borrow()on相关联RefCellborrow_mut(当 a存在时,您还尝试这样做borrow,这会引起恐慌。)谢天谢地,Rc这使得获取对引用的所有权变得便宜且容易Rc(这就是重点),所以这个问题可以通过存储Option、 not&Option和来解决自由地克隆包含的Rc. 我们使用Option::as_ref将 a 转换&Option<Rc<_>>为 a Option<&Rc<_>>,然后Option<Rc<_>>通过映射将Rc::clone其转换为 a 。

pub fn insert(&mut self, value: T) -> bool {
    let mut node = self.root.as_ref().map(Rc::clone);

    while let Some(current_node) = node {
        let current_node = current_node.borrow();
        let cmp = current_node.value.cmp(&value);
        let new_node = match cmp {
            Ordering::Less => &current_node.left,
            Ordering::Equal => return false,
            Ordering::Greater => &current_node.right,
        };
        node = new_node.as_ref().map(Rc::clone);
    }

    let node = &mut node;
    *node = Some(Rc::new(RefCell::new(Node {
        value,
        left: None,
        right: None,
    })));

    true
}
于 2022-02-02T15:00:29.077 回答