c# - System.IO.Directory.GetFiles 的多个文件扩展名 searchPattern

Question

将多个文件扩展名设置为searchPatternon的语法是什么Directory.GetFiles()？例如过滤掉扩展名为.aspx和.ascx的文件。

// TODO: Set the string 'searchPattern' to only get files with
// the extension '.aspx' and '.ascx'.
var filteredFiles = Directory.GetFiles(path, searchPattern);

更新：LINQ 不是选项，它必须是searchPattern传入GetFiles的，如问题中所述。

score 197 · Accepted Answer

var filteredFiles = Directory
    .GetFiles(path, "*.*")
    .Where(file => file.ToLower().EndsWith("aspx") || file.ToLower().EndsWith("ascx"))
    .ToList();

编辑 2014-07-23

您可以在 .NET 4.5 中执行此操作以获得更快的枚举：

var filteredFiles = Directory
    .EnumerateFiles(path) //<--- .NET 4.5
    .Where(file => file.ToLower().EndsWith("aspx") || file.ToLower().EndsWith("ascx"))
    .ToList();

MSDN 中的 Directory.EnumerateFiles

score 45 · Accepted Answer

我相信没有“开箱即用”的解决方案，这是 Directory.GetFiles 方法的限制。

不过，编写自己的方法相当容易，这里有一个例子。

代码可以是：

/// <summary>
/// Returns file names from given folder that comply to given filters
/// </summary>
/// <param name="SourceFolder">Folder with files to retrieve</param>
/// <param name="Filter">Multiple file filters separated by | character</param>
/// <param name="searchOption">File.IO.SearchOption, 
/// could be AllDirectories or TopDirectoryOnly</param>
/// <returns>Array of FileInfo objects that presents collection of file names that 
/// meet given filter</returns>
public string[] getFiles(string SourceFolder, string Filter, 
 System.IO.SearchOption searchOption)
{
 // ArrayList will hold all file names
ArrayList alFiles = new ArrayList();

 // Create an array of filter string
 string[] MultipleFilters = Filter.Split('|');

 // for each filter find mathing file names
 foreach (string FileFilter in MultipleFilters)
 {
  // add found file names to array list
  alFiles.AddRange(Directory.GetFiles(SourceFolder, FileFilter, searchOption));
 }

 // returns string array of relevant file names
 return (string[])alFiles.ToArray(typeof(string));
}

score 42 · Accepted Answer

我喜欢这种方法，因为它是可读的并且避免了目录的多次迭代：

var allowedExtensions = new [] {".doc", ".docx", ".pdf", ".ppt", ".pptx", ".xls", ".xslx"}; 
var files = Directory
    .GetFiles(folder)
    .Where(file => allowedExtensions.Any(file.ToLower().EndsWith))
    .ToList();

score 31 · Accepted Answer

GetFiles 只能匹配一个模式，但您可以使用 Linq 调用具有多个模式的 GetFiles：

FileInfo[] fi = new string[]{"*.txt","*.doc"}
    .SelectMany(i => di.GetFiles(i, SearchOption.AllDirectories))
    .ToArray();

请参阅此处的评论部分：http: //www.codeproject.com/KB/aspnet/NET_DirectoryInfo.aspx

score 15 · Accepted Answer

我担心你将不得不做这样的事情，我从这里改变了正则表达式。

var searchPattern = new Regex(
    @"$(?<=\.(aspx|ascx))", 
    RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
var files = Directory.EnumerateFiles(path)
    .Where(f => searchPattern.IsMatch(f))
    .ToList();

score 15 · Accepted Answer

var filteredFiles = Directory
    .EnumerateFiles(path, "*.*") // .NET4 better than `GetFiles`
    .Where(
        // ignorecase faster than tolower...
        file => file.ToLower().EndsWith("aspx")
        || file.EndsWith("ascx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
    .ToList();

不要忘记新的 .NET4Directory.EnumerateFiles以提高性能（Directory.EnumerateFiles 与 Directory.GetFiles 有什么区别？）
“IgnoreCase”应该比“ToLower”快

或者，拆分和合并您的 glob 可能会更快（至少看起来更干净）：

"*.ext1;*.ext2".Split(';')
    .SelectMany(g => Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, g))
    .ToList();

score 8 · Accepted Answer

易于记忆、懒惰且可能不完美的解决方案：

Directory.GetFiles(dir, "*.dll").Union(Directory.GetFiles(dir, "*.exe"))

score 4 · Accepted Answer

我会使用以下内容：

var ext = new string[] { ".ASPX", ".ASCX" };
FileInfo[] collection = (from fi in new DirectoryInfo(path).GetFiles()
                         where ext.Contains(fi.Extension.ToUpper())
                         select fi)
                         .ToArray();

编辑：纠正了 Directory 和 DirectoryInfo 之间的不匹配

score 3 · Accepted Answer

3

我会尝试指定类似的东西

var searchPattern = "as?x";

它应该工作。

于 2011-08-12T11:48:48.077 回答

score 3 · Accepted Answer

获取扩展名为“.aspx”和“.ascx”的文件的一种更有效的方法是使用近似搜索模式预过滤文件，从而避免多次查询文件系统并避免返回大量不需要的文件之后细化结果：

var filteredFiles = Directory.GetFiles(path, "*.as?x")
    .Select(f => f.ToLowerInvariant())
    .Where(f => f.EndsWith("px") || f.EndsWith("cx"))
    .ToList();

score 2 · Accepted Answer

    /// <summary>
    /// Returns the names of files in a specified directories that match the specified patterns using LINQ
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="srcDirs">The directories to seach</param>
    /// <param name="searchPatterns">the list of search patterns</param>
    /// <param name="searchOption"></param>
    /// <returns>The list of files that match the specified pattern</returns>
    public static string[] GetFilesUsingLINQ(string[] srcDirs,
         string[] searchPatterns,
         SearchOption searchOption = SearchOption.AllDirectories)
    {
        var r = from dir in srcDirs
                from searchPattern in searchPatterns
                from f in Directory.GetFiles(dir, searchPattern, searchOption)
                select f;

        return r.ToArray();
    }

score 2 · Accepted Answer

    public static bool CheckFiles(string pathA, string pathB)
    {
        string[] extantionFormat = new string[] { ".war", ".pkg" };
        return CheckFiles(pathA, pathB, extantionFormat);
    }
    public static bool CheckFiles(string pathA, string pathB, string[] extantionFormat)
    {
        System.IO.DirectoryInfo dir1 = new System.IO.DirectoryInfo(pathA);
        System.IO.DirectoryInfo dir2 = new System.IO.DirectoryInfo(pathB);
        // Take a snapshot of the file system. list1/2 will contain only WAR or PKG 
        // files
        // fileInfosA will contain all of files under path directories 
        FileInfo[] fileInfosA = dir1.GetFiles("*.*", 
                              System.IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories);
        // list will contain all of files that have ..extantion[]  
        // Run on all extantion in extantion array and compare them by lower case to 
        // the file item extantion ...
        List<System.IO.FileInfo> list1 = (from extItem in extantionFormat
                                          from fileItem in fileInfosA
                                          where extItem.ToLower().Equals 
                                          (fileItem.Extension.ToLower())
                                          select fileItem).ToList();
        // Take a snapshot of the file system. list1/2 will contain only WAR or  
        // PKG files
        // fileInfosA will contain all of files under path directories 
        FileInfo[] fileInfosB = dir2.GetFiles("*.*", 
                                       System.IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories);
        // list will contain all of files that have ..extantion[]  
        // Run on all extantion in extantion array and compare them by lower case to 
        // the file item extantion ...
        List<System.IO.FileInfo> list2 = (from extItem in extantionFormat
                                          from fileItem in fileInfosB
                                          where extItem.ToLower().Equals            
                                          (fileItem.Extension.ToLower())
                                          select fileItem).ToList();
        FileCompare myFileCompare = new FileCompare();
        // This query determines whether the two folders contain 
        // identical file lists, based on the custom file comparer 
        // that is defined in the FileCompare class. 
        return list1.SequenceEqual(list2, myFileCompare);
    }

score 2 · Accepted Answer

而不是 EndsWith 函数，我会选择使用该Path.GetExtension()方法。这是完整的示例：

var filteredFiles = Directory.EnumerateFiles( path )
.Where(
    file => Path.GetExtension(file).Equals( ".aspx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase ) ||
            Path.GetExtension(file).Equals( ".ascx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase ) );

或者：

var filteredFiles = Directory.EnumerateFiles(path)
.Where(
    file => string.Equals( Path.GetExtension(file), ".aspx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase ) ||
            string.Equals( Path.GetExtension(file), ".ascx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase ) );

（StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase如果您关心性能，请使用：MSDN 字符串比较）

score 2 · Accepted Answer

你可以这样做

new DirectoryInfo(path).GetFiles().Where(Current => Regex.IsMatch(Current.Extension, "\\.(aspx|ascx)", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase)

score 1 · Accepted Answer

看起来像这个演示：

void Main()
{
    foreach(var f in GetFilesToProcess("c:\\", new[] {".xml", ".txt"}))
        Debug.WriteLine(f);
}
private static IEnumerable<string> GetFilesToProcess(string path, IEnumerable<string> extensions)
{
   return Directory.GetFiles(path, "*.*")
       .Where(f => extensions.Contains(Path.GetExtension(f).ToLower()));
}

score 1 · Accepted Answer

@Daniel B，感谢您建议编写我自己的此函数版本。它与 Directory.GetFiles 具有相同的行为，但支持正则表达式过滤。

string[] FindFiles(FolderBrowserDialog dialog, string pattern)
    {
        Regex regex = new Regex(pattern);

        List<string> files = new List<string>();
        var files=Directory.GetFiles(dialog.SelectedPath);
        for(int i = 0; i < files.Count(); i++)
        {
            bool found = regex.IsMatch(files[i]);
            if(found)
            {
                files.Add(files[i]);
            }
        }

        return files.ToArray();
    }

我发现它很有用，所以我想我会分享。

score 1 · Accepted Answer

c# 版本的@qfactor77 的答案。这是没有 LINQ 的最佳方式。

string[] wildcards= {"*.mp4", "*.jpg"};
ReadOnlyCollection<string> filePathCollection = FileSystem.GetFiles(dirPath, Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO.SearchOption.SearchAllSubDirectories, wildcards);
string[] filePath=new string[filePathCollection.Count];
filePathCollection.CopyTo(filePath,0);

现在返回filePath字符串数组。一开始你需要

using Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;

您还需要添加对Microsoft.VisualBasic

score 1 · Accepted Answer

我做了一个简单的方法来搜索尽可能多的扩展，并且没有 ToLower()、RegEx、foreach ......

List<String> myExtensions = new List<String>() { ".aspx", ".ascx", ".cs" }; // You can add as many extensions as you want.
DirectoryInfo myFolder = new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\FolderFoo");
SearchOption option = SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly; // Use SearchOption.AllDirectories for seach in all subfolders.
List<FileInfo> myFiles = myFolder.EnumerateFiles("*.*", option)
    .Where(file => myExtensions
    .Any(e => String.Compare(file.Extension, e, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, CompareOptions.IgnoreCase) == 0))
    .ToList();

使用 .Net 标准 2.0。

score 0 · Accepted Answer

var filtered = Directory.GetFiles(path)
    .Where(file => file.EndsWith("aspx", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase) || file.EndsWith("ascx", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
    .ToList();

score 0 · Accepted Answer

只想说，如果您使用FileIO.FileSystem.GetFiles而不是Directory.GetFiles，它将允许使用通配符数组。

例如：

Dim wildcards As String() = {"*.html", "*.zip"}
Dim ListFiles As List(Of String) = FileIO.FileSystem.GetFiles(directoryyouneed, FileIO.SearchOption.SearchTopLevelOnly, wildcards).ToList

score 0 · Accepted Answer

（很抱歉写这个作为答案，但我还没有写评论的权限。）

请注意，Microsoft.VisualBasic 中的FileIO.FileSystem.GetFiles()方法只是一个包装器，用于执行对每个提供的模式的搜索并合并结果。从 .pbd 文件检查源代码时，您可以从此片段中看到 FileSystem.FindPaths 为集合中的每个模式执行：

private static void FindFilesOrDirectories(
  FileSystem.FileOrDirectory FileOrDirectory,
  string directory,
  SearchOption searchType,
  string[] wildcards,
  Collection<string> Results)
{
    // (...)
    string[] strArray = wildcards;
    int index = 0;
    while (index < strArray.Length)
    {
      string wildCard = strArray[index];
      FileSystem.AddToStringCollection(Results, FileSystem.FindPaths(FileOrDirectory, directory, wildCard));
      checked { ++index; }
    }
    // (...)
}

c# - System.IO.Directory.GetFiles 的多个文件扩展名 searchPattern

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