问题总结
当我尝试在桌面上编写代码并将其远程部署到我的 Pi Zero W 时，我遇到了类路径错误。
背景
Pi4J v2.0在此处输入链接描述库提供了一个 Maven Archetype 来帮助开发和在远程 PC 上开发的说明。
环境
IDE: Intellij Ultimate
Development PC is Windows 10
Java 11.0.2
Maven 3.8.3
Rasp Pi Zero W
Open jdk java 11.0.8
Maven 3.8.3
迄今为止采取的步骤
在开发 PC 上，我已经安装了 Archetype：
INSTALL ARCHETYPE
cd pi4j-maven-archetype-master
mvn install
...
BUILD SUCCESS
CREATE PROJECT
mkdir pitest2
mvn archetype:generate -DarchetypeCatalog=local
....
answer questions per instructions
BUILD SUCCESS
然后我在 Intellij 中打开项目并使用 maven 刷新它并将 raspberry.properties 编辑为我的 pi IP 地址并登录。
在构建和部署 Archetype 附带的示例代码时，说明状态：
The project declares in the pom.xml the following maven/ant goals that you can execute with the command shown :
mvn clean : delete all compiled files from local and remote project
mvn install : builds the project, uploads the required jars to the remote target RPI board
mvn antrun:run@exec : runs the program on the remote target
mvn antrun:run@debug : runs a remote debugging session on the target RPI.
该命令mvn install有效，并且文件被复制到 Pi。
当我尝试mvn antrun:run@exec命令结果时：
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 16.818 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-11-16T20:15:56+13:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-antrun-plugin:3.0.0:run (exec) on project pitest2: An Ant BuildException has occured: The following error occurred while executing this line:
[ERROR] C:\Users\RM\IdeaProjects\pitest2\antrun\build.xml:166: The following error occurred while executing this line:
[ERROR] C:\Users\RM\IdeaProjects\pitest2\antrun\build.xml:123: Remote command failed with exit status 1
[ERROR] around Ant part ...<ant antfile="antrun/build.xml" target="run-remote" />... @ 9:59 in C:\Users\RM\IdeaProjects\pitest2\target\antrun\build-main.xml
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException
采取的其他步骤
部署的输出显示，pitest.jar 已复制到 Pi 及其依赖项。
pi@raspberrypi: ls
pi4j-core.jar
pi4j-library-pigpio.jar
pi4j-plugin-pigpio.jar
pi4j-plugin-raspberrypi.jar
pitest2.jar
pitest2-jar-with-dependencies.jar
slf4j-api.jar
slf4j-simple.jar
其他直接在 pi 上执行的尝试：
pi@raspberrypi:~/IdeaProjects/pitest2/dist/lib $ java -cp . pitest2.jar
Error: Could not find or load main class pitest2.jar
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: pitest2.jar
pi@raspberrypi:~/IdeaProjects/pitest2/dist/lib $ java -cp . pitest2.jar com.geekhelp.Main
Error: Could not find or load main class pitest2.jar
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: pitest2.jar
pi@raspberrypi:~/IdeaProjects/pitest2/dist/lib $ java -cp ./ pitest2.jar com.geekhelp.Main
Error: Could not find or load main class pitest2.jar
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: pitest2.jar
pi@raspberrypi:~/IdeaProjects/pitest2/dist/lib $ java -cp pitest2.jar com.geekhelp.Main
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/pi4j/util/Console
at com.geekhelp.Main.<clinit>(Main.java:24)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.pi4j.util.Console
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:581)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:522)
... 1 more
pi@raspberrypi:~/IdeaProjects/pitest2/dist/lib $
/dist 下似乎是一个胖罐子
pi@raspberrypi:~/IdeaProjects/pitest2/dist $ java -cp pitest2.jar com.geekhelp.Main
21:01:58 [main] INFO com.pi4j.util.Console - ---------------------------
21:01:58 [main] INFO com.pi4j.util.Console - | Hello Rasbian world ! |
21:01:58 [main] INFO com.pi4j.util.Console - ---------------------------
21:01:58 [main] INFO com.pi4j.Pi4J - New auto context
21:01:58 [main] INFO com.pi4j.Pi4J - New context builder
...
...
21:02:02 [main] DEBUG com.pi4j.platform.impl.DefaultRuntimePlatforms - platforms loaded [1]
21:02:02 [main] DEBUG com.pi4j.runtime.impl.DefaultRuntime - Pi4J context/runtime successfully initialized.'
21:02:02 [main] DEBUG com.pi4j.context.impl.DefaultContext - Pi4J runtime context successfully created & initialized.'
21:02:02 [main] DEBUG com.pi4j.context.impl.DefaultContextBuilder - Pi4J successfully created and initialized a new runtime 'Context'.'
21:02:02 [main] INFO com.pi4j.util.Console - --------------------
21:02:02 [main] INFO com.pi4j.util.Console - | Pi4J PLATFORMS |
21:02:02 [main] INFO com.pi4j.util.Console - --------------------
21:02:02 [main] INFO com.pi4j.util.Console -
PLATFORMS: [1] "Pi4J Runtime Platforms" <com.pi4j.platform.impl.DefaultPlatforms>
└─PLATFORM: "RaspberryPi Platform" {raspberrypi} <com.pi4j.plugin.raspberrypi.platform.RaspberryPiPlatform> {Pi4J Platform for the RaspberryPi series of products.}
21:02:03 [main] INFO com.pi4j.util.Console -
com.pi4j.provider.exception.ProviderNotFoundException: Pi4J provider [pigpio-digital-output] could not be found. Please include this 'provider' JAR in the classpath.
at com.pi4j.provider.impl.DefaultRuntimeProviders.get(DefaultRuntimeProviders.java:238)
at com.pi4j.provider.impl.DefaultProviders.get(DefaultProviders.java:147)
at com.pi4j.provider.Providers.get(Providers.java:253)
at com.pi4j.context.Context.create(Context.java:316)
at com.pi4j.internal.IOCreator.create(IOCreator.java:58)
at com.pi4j.internal.IOCreator.create(IOCreator.java:96)
at com.pi4j.internal.IOCreator.create(IOCreator.java:176)
at com.geekhelp.Main.run(Main.java:63)
at com.geekhelp.Main.main(Main.java:34)
21:02:03 [main] DEBUG com.pi4j.platform.impl.DefaultRuntimePlatforms - removed platform from managed platform map [id=raspberrypi; name=RaspberryPi Platform; class=com.pi4j.plugin.raspberrypi.platform.RaspberryPiPlatform]
一位同事从 GitHub 下载了我的项目（与 Archetype 没有变化）并在 Rasp Pi 4（不是零 W）上成功运行它。
问：为什么代码看不到依赖项？什么时候跑？