嗨，我正在尝试 PostgreSQL，但收到此错误：
conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
sqlalchemy.exc.OperationalError: (psycopg2.OperationalError) invalid sslmode value: "fastapi"
我正在学习一个教程（https://www.tutlinks.com/fastapi-with-postgresql-crud-async/）我的 main.py 是：
from fastapi import FastAPI, applications
from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
from typing import List
import urllib, os, sqlalchemy, databases
from sqlalchemy import engine
from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import text
host_server = os.environ.get('host_server', 'localhost')
db_server_port = urllib.parse.quote_plus(str(os.environ.get('db_server_port', '5432')))
database_name = os.environ.get('database_name', 'fastapi')
db_username = urllib.parse.quote_plus(str(os.environ.get('db_username','postgres')))
db_password = urllib.parse.quote_plus(str(os.environ.get('db_password','secret')))
ssl_mode = urllib.parse.quote_plus(str(os.environ.get('ssl_mode','prefer')))
DATABASE_URL = 'postgresql://{}:{}@{}:{}?sslmode={}'.format(db_username, db_password, host_server, db_server_port, database_name, ssl_mode)
metadata = sqlalchemy.MetaData()
notes = sqlalchemy.Table(
"notes",
metadata,
sqlalchemy.Column("id", sqlalchemy.Integer, primary_key=True),
sqlalchemy.Column("text", sqlalchemy.String),
sqlalchemy.Column("completed", sqlalchemy.Boolean),
)
engine = sqlalchemy.create_engine(
#DATABASE_URL
DATABASE_URL, pool_size=3, max_overflow=0
)
metadata.create_all(engine)
from pydantic import BaseModel
class NoteIn(BaseModel):
text: str
completed: bool
class Note(BaseModel):
id: int
text: str
completed: bool
app = FastAPI(title="Rest API using FastAPI PostgreSQL Async Endpoints")
app.add_middleware(
CORSMiddleware,
allow_origins=["*"],
allow_credentials=True,
allow_methods=["*"],
allow_headers=["*"]
)
#import databases
database = databases.Database(DATABASE_URL)
@app.on_event("startup")
async def startup():
await database.connect()
@app.on_event("shutdown")
async def shutdown():
await database.disconnect()
@app.post("/notes/", response_model= Note)
async def create_note(note: NoteIn):
query = notes.insert().values(text= note.text, completed = note.completed)
last_record_id = await database.execute(query)
return {**note.dict(), "id": last_record_id}
和错误信息：
WARNING: StatReload detected file change in 'main.py'. Reloading...
Process SpawnProcess-3:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 3212, in _wrap_pool_connect
return fn()
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 307, in connect
return _ConnectionFairy._checkout(self)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 767, in _checkout
fairy = _ConnectionRecord.checkout(pool)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 425, in checkout
rec = pool._do_get()
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\impl.py", line 146, in _do_get
self._dec_overflow()
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\langhelpers.py", line 70, in __exit__
compat.raise_(
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\compat.py", line 207, in raise_
raise exception
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\impl.py", line 143, in _do_get
return self._create_connection()
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 253, in _create_connection
return _ConnectionRecord(self)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 368, in __init__
self.__connect()
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 611, in __connect
pool.logger.debug("Error on connect(): %s", e)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\langhelpers.py", line 70, in __exit__
compat.raise_(
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\compat.py", line 207, in raise_
raise exception
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 605, in __connect
connection = pool._invoke_creator(self)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\create.py", line 578, in connect
return dialect.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\default.py", line 584, in connect
return self.dbapi.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\psycopg2\__init__.py", line 122, in connect
conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
psycopg2.OperationalError: invalid sslmode value: "fastapi"
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\learn\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\multiprocessing\process.py", line 315, in _bootstrap
self.run()
File "C:\Users\learn\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\multiprocessing\process.py", line 108, in run
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\subprocess.py", line 76, in subprocess_started
target(sockets=sockets)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\server.py", line 68, in run
return asyncio.run(self.serve(sockets=sockets))
File "C:\Users\learn\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\asyncio\runners.py", line 44, in run
return loop.run_until_complete(main)
File "C:\Users\learn\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\asyncio\base_events.py", line 642, in run_until_complete
return future.result()
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\server.py", line 76, in serve
config.load()
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\config.py", line 448, in load
self.loaded_app = import_from_string(self.app)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\importer.py", line 21, in import_from_string
module = importlib.import_module(module_str)
File "C:\Users\learn\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1030, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 680, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 850, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 228, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "F:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\.\main.py", line 32, in <module>
metadata.create_all(engine)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\sql\schema.py", line 4740, in create_all
bind._run_ddl_visitor(
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 3078, in _run_ddl_visitor
with self.begin() as conn:
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 2994, in begin
conn = self.connect(close_with_result=close_with_result)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 3166, in connect
return self._connection_cls(self, close_with_result=close_with_result)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 96, in __init__
else engine.raw_connection()
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 3245, in raw_connection
return self._wrap_pool_connect(self.pool.connect, _connection)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 3215, in _wrap_pool_connect
Connection._handle_dbapi_exception_noconnection(
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 2069, in _handle_dbapi_exception_noconnection
util.raise_(
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\compat.py", line 207, in raise_
raise exception
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 3212, in _wrap_pool_connect
return fn()
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 307, in connect
return _ConnectionFairy._checkout(self)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 767, in _checkout
fairy = _ConnectionRecord.checkout(pool)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 425, in checkout
rec = pool._do_get()
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\impl.py", line 146, in _do_get
self._dec_overflow()
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\langhelpers.py", line 70, in __exit__
compat.raise_(
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\compat.py", line 207, in raise_
nect
return dialect.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\default.py", line 584, in connect
return self.dbapi.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
File "f:\fastapi-codes\psgresql\env\lib\site-packages\psycopg2\__init__.py", line 122, in connect
conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
sqlalchemy.exc.OperationalError: (psycopg2.OperationalError) invalid sslmode value: "fastapi"
(Background on this error at: https://sqlalche.me/e/14/e3q8)
INFO: Stopping reloader process [2724]
我在 pgAdmin4 中创建了数据库“fastapi”，它显示了连接的消息。尽管我已经从 requirements.txt 安装了 databases==0.5.0，但我在“导入数据库”中也遇到了错误
我在做什么不正确？