The WHERE clause cannot reference variables set in the SELECT-list. Despite the order of clauses, the expressions in the SELECT-list have not yet been evaluated as the WHERE clause is filtering rows.
I think you want:
SELECT `Ship Date`, `Order Number` FROM input_data
ORDER BY ...something, I don't know what...
LIMIT 10 OFFSET 10;
Or if you use MySQL 8.0, and can use window functions:
SELECT `Ship Date`, `Order Number`
FROM (
SELECT `Ship Date`, `Order Number`,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY ...something...) AS rownum
FROM input_data) AS t
WHERE rownum BETWEEN 10 AND 20;