我有一个小 maven 项目来学习使用 javax.script API 编写 Java 脚本,即 JavaScript 和 Python。虽然 JavaScript 运行良好,例如在这个方法中
@Test
public void TestPrintHelloWorldJs() throws ScriptException {
ScriptEngineManager factory = new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngine engine = factory.getEngineByName("nashorn");
engine.eval("print('Hello, World')"); // works
}
我根本无法运行 python,因为返回的引擎始终为空:
@Test
public void TestPrintHelloWorldPy() throws ScriptException {
ScriptEngineManager factory = new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngine engine = factory.getEngineByName("python"); // returns null !!!
engine = factory.getEngineByName("jython"); // still returns null !!!
engine.eval("print('Hello, World')"); // NullPointerException here
}
有什么想法可以让它发挥作用吗?
以下是我的 pom 的相关部分:
<properties>
<maven.compiler.release>15</maven.compiler.release> <!-- Java 15 -->
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId> <!-- for testing -->
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.openjdk.nashorn/nashorn-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openjdk.nashorn</groupId>
<artifactId>nashorn-core</artifactId> <!-- for javascript-->
<version>15.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.python/jython -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.python</groupId>
<artifactId>jython</artifactId> <!-- for python -->
<version>2.7.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
我使用https://stackoverflow.com/a/38039047/5333340中的方法来打印可用的引擎,我得到的输出是:
ScriptEngineFactory Info
Script Engine: OpenJDK Nashorn (15.3)
Engine Alias: nashorn
Engine Alias: Nashorn
Engine Alias: js
Engine Alias: JS
Engine Alias: JavaScript
Engine Alias: javascript
Engine Alias: ECMAScript
Engine Alias: ecmascript
Language: ECMAScript (ECMA - 262 Edition 5.1)
ScriptEngineFactory Info
Script Engine: jython (2.7.2)
Engine Alias: python
Engine Alias: jython
Language: python (2.7)
所以找到了引擎。但为什么我不能得到它?我仔细检查了里面的参数getEngineByName
没有错别字。
我什至在我的计算机上安装了 python 2.7(虽然我认为这实际上没有必要;实现应该在 jython 包中),但它并没有改变任何东西。