问题一:
是的,您可以检测字节顺序标记,这是您发现的字节序列 - 如果您的文件有一个。
在 Google 和 stackoverflow 上搜索将完成剩下的工作。至于“不那么难看”:您可以重构/美化您的代码,例如编写一个用于确定 BOM 的函数,并在开始时执行此操作,然后根据需要调用 fopen 或 _tfopen。然后你可以再次重构它,并编写你自己的 fopen 函数。但它仍然会很丑。
问题2:
是的,但 unicode 函数在 Linux 上的调用方式与在 Windows 上的调用方式并不相同。
使用定义。也许写你自己的 TCHAR.H
问题 3:
#include <locale.h>
setlocale(LC_ALL, "en.UTF-8")
男人 3 设置语言环境
问题 4:
只需使用 fwprintf。
另一个不是标准。
您可以使用 wxWidgets 工具包。
它使用 unicode,并使用在 Windows、Linux、Unix 和 Mac 上具有相同实现的类。
对您来说更好的问题是如何将 ASCII 转换为 Unicode,反之亦然。事情是这样的:
std::string Unicode2ASCII( std::wstring wstrStringToConvert )
{
size_t sze_StringLength = wstrStringToConvert.length() ;
if(0 == sze_StringLength)
return "" ;
char* chrarry_Buffer = new char[ sze_StringLength + 1 ] ;
wcstombs( chrarry_Buffer, wstrStringToConvert.c_str(), sze_StringLength ) ; // Unicode2ASCII, const wchar_t* C-String 2 mulibyte C-String
chrarry_Buffer[sze_StringLength] = '\0' ;
std::string strASCIIstring = chrarry_Buffer ;
delete chrarry_Buffer ;
return strASCIIstring ;
}
std::wstring ASCII2Unicode( std::string strStringToConvert )
{
size_t sze_StringLength = strStringToConvert.length() ;
if(0 == sze_StringLength)
return L"" ;
wchar_t* wchrarry_Buffer = new wchar_t[ sze_StringLength + 1 ] ;
mbstowcs( wchrarry_Buffer, strStringToConvert.c_str(), sze_StringLength ) ; // Unicode2ASCII, const. mulibyte C-String 2 wchar_t* C-String
wchrarry_Buffer[sze_StringLength] = L'\0' ;
std::wstring wstrUnicodeString = wchrarry_Buffer ;
delete wchrarry_Buffer ;
return wstrUnicodeString ;
}
编辑:这里对 Linux (wchar.h) 上可用的 Unicode 函数有一些了解:
__BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
/* Copy SRC to DEST. */
extern wchar_t *wcscpy (wchar_t *__restrict __dest,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __src) __THROW;
/* Copy no more than N wide-characters of SRC to DEST. */
extern wchar_t *wcsncpy (wchar_t *__restrict __dest,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __src, size_t __n)
__THROW;
/* Append SRC onto DEST. */
extern wchar_t *wcscat (wchar_t *__restrict __dest,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __src) __THROW;
/* Append no more than N wide-characters of SRC onto DEST. */
extern wchar_t *wcsncat (wchar_t *__restrict __dest,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __src, size_t __n)
__THROW;
/* Compare S1 and S2. */
extern int wcscmp (__const wchar_t *__s1, __const wchar_t *__s2)
__THROW __attribute_pure__;
/* Compare N wide-characters of S1 and S2. */
extern int wcsncmp (__const wchar_t *__s1, __const wchar_t *__s2, size_t __n)
__THROW __attribute_pure__;
__END_NAMESPACE_STD
#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K8
/* Compare S1 and S2, ignoring case. */
extern int wcscasecmp (__const wchar_t *__s1, __const wchar_t *__s2) __THROW;
/* Compare no more than N chars of S1 and S2, ignoring case. */
extern int wcsncasecmp (__const wchar_t *__s1, __const wchar_t *__s2,
size_t __n) __THROW;
/* Similar to the two functions above but take the information from
the provided locale and not the global locale. */
# include <xlocale.h>
extern int wcscasecmp_l (__const wchar_t *__s1, __const wchar_t *__s2,
__locale_t __loc) __THROW;
extern int wcsncasecmp_l (__const wchar_t *__s1, __const wchar_t *__s2,
size_t __n, __locale_t __loc) __THROW;
#endif
/* Special versions of the functions above which take the locale to
use as an additional parameter. */
extern long int wcstol_l (__const wchar_t *__restrict __nptr,
wchar_t **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
__locale_t __loc) __THROW;
extern unsigned long int wcstoul_l (__const wchar_t *__restrict __nptr,
wchar_t **__restrict __endptr,
int __base, __locale_t __loc) __THROW;
__extension__
extern long long int wcstoll_l (__const wchar_t *__restrict __nptr,
wchar_t **__restrict __endptr,
int __base, __locale_t __loc) __THROW;
__extension__
extern unsigned long long int wcstoull_l (__const wchar_t *__restrict __nptr,
wchar_t **__restrict __endptr,
int __base, __locale_t __loc)
__THROW;
extern double wcstod_l (__const wchar_t *__restrict __nptr,
wchar_t **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc)
__THROW;
extern float wcstof_l (__const wchar_t *__restrict __nptr,
wchar_t **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc)
__THROW;
extern long double wcstold_l (__const wchar_t *__restrict __nptr,
wchar_t **__restrict __endptr,
__locale_t __loc) __THROW;
/* Copy SRC to DEST, returning the address of the terminating L'\0' in
DEST. */
extern wchar_t *wcpcpy (wchar_t *__restrict __dest,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __src) __THROW;
/* Copy no more than N characters of SRC to DEST, returning the address of
the last character written into DEST. */
extern wchar_t *wcpncpy (wchar_t *__restrict __dest,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __src, size_t __n)
__THROW;
#endif /* use GNU */
/* Wide character I/O functions. */
#ifdef __USE_XOPEN2K8
/* Like OPEN_MEMSTREAM, but the stream is wide oriented and produces
a wide character string. */
extern __FILE *open_wmemstream (wchar_t **__bufloc, size_t *__sizeloc) __THROW;
#endif
#if defined __USE_ISOC95 || defined __USE_UNIX98
__BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
/* Select orientation for stream. */
extern int fwide (__FILE *__fp, int __mode) __THROW;
/* Write formatted output to STREAM.
This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
marked with __THROW. */
extern int fwprintf (__FILE *__restrict __stream,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __format, ...)
/* __attribute__ ((__format__ (__wprintf__, 2, 3))) */;
/* Write formatted output to stdout.
This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
marked with __THROW. */
extern int wprintf (__const wchar_t *__restrict __format, ...)
/* __attribute__ ((__format__ (__wprintf__, 1, 2))) */;
/* Write formatted output of at most N characters to S. */
extern int swprintf (wchar_t *__restrict __s, size_t __n,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __format, ...)
__THROW /* __attribute__ ((__format__ (__wprintf__, 3, 4))) */;
/* Write formatted output to S from argument list ARG.
This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
marked with __THROW. */
extern int vfwprintf (__FILE *__restrict __s,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __format,
__gnuc_va_list __arg)
/* __attribute__ ((__format__ (__wprintf__, 2, 0))) */;
/* Write formatted output to stdout from argument list ARG.
This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
marked with __THROW. */
extern int vwprintf (__const wchar_t *__restrict __format,
__gnuc_va_list __arg)
/* __attribute__ ((__format__ (__wprintf__, 1, 0))) */;
/* Write formatted output of at most N character to S from argument
list ARG. */
extern int vswprintf (wchar_t *__restrict __s, size_t __n,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __format,
__gnuc_va_list __arg)
__THROW /* __attribute__ ((__format__ (__wprintf__, 3, 0))) */;
/* Read formatted input from STREAM.
This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
marked with __THROW. */
extern int fwscanf (__FILE *__restrict __stream,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __format, ...)
/* __attribute__ ((__format__ (__wscanf__, 2, 3))) */;
/* Read formatted input from stdin.
This function is a possible cancellation point and therefore not
marked with __THROW. */
extern int wscanf (__const wchar_t *__restrict __format, ...)
/* __attribute__ ((__format__ (__wscanf__, 1, 2))) */;
/* Read formatted input from S. */
extern int swscanf (__const wchar_t *__restrict __s,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __format, ...)
__THROW /* __attribute__ ((__format__ (__wscanf__, 2, 3))) */;
# if defined __USE_ISOC99 && !defined __USE_GNU \
&& (!defined __LDBL_COMPAT || !defined __REDIRECT) \
&& (defined __STRICT_ANSI__ || defined __USE_XOPEN2K)
# ifdef __REDIRECT
/* For strict ISO C99 or POSIX compliance disallow %as, %aS and %a[
GNU extension which conflicts with valid %a followed by letter
s, S or [. */
extern int __REDIRECT (fwscanf, (__FILE *__restrict __stream,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __format, ...),
__isoc99_fwscanf)
/* __attribute__ ((__format__ (__wscanf__, 2, 3))) */;
extern int __REDIRECT (wscanf, (__const wchar_t *__restrict __format, ...),
__isoc99_wscanf)
/* __attribute__ ((__format__ (__wscanf__, 1, 2))) */;
extern int __REDIRECT_NTH (swscanf, (__const wchar_t *__restrict __s,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __format,
...), __isoc99_swscanf)
/* __attribute__ ((__format__ (__wscanf__, 2, 3))) */;
# else
extern int __isoc99_fwscanf (__FILE *__restrict __stream,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __format, ...);
extern int __isoc99_wscanf (__const wchar_t *__restrict __format, ...);
extern int __isoc99_swscanf (__const wchar_t *__restrict __s,
__const wchar_t *__restrict __format, ...)