我正在尝试实现一个模拟 Git 远程的网络服务器。用户应该能够从我的服务器克隆或拉取、编辑文件、提交和推送（通过身份验证）——与 Git 相关的正常操作。但是，在服务器端不是一个裸 Git 存储库或任何东西；数据以其他格式存储，仅在请求时进行转换。
我花了很多时间试图找出 Git Smart HTTP 协议是如何工作的，这就是我目前所知道的。
从http-protocol 上的 Git 文档中，我知道GET $GIT_URL/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1应该引起以下（示例）响应：
HTTP/1.1 200 OK<CRLF>
Content-Type: application/x-git-upload-pack-advertisement<CRLF>
Cache-Control: no-cache<CRLF>
<CRLF>
001e# service=git-upload-pack<LF>
0000<no LF>
004895dcfa3633004da0049d3d0fa03f80589cbcaf31 refs/heads/maint<NUL>multi_ack<LF>
003fd049f6c27a2244e12041955e262a404c7faba355 refs/heads/master<LF>
003c2cb58b79488a98d2721cea644875a8dd0026b115 refs/tags/v1.0<LF>
003fa3c2e2402b99163d1d59756e5f207ae21cccba4c refs/tags/v1.0^{}<LF>
0000
从我自己对我的一个很少提交的 repo 的实验来看，到目前为止，GitHub 似乎完全在文档中描述的协议限制范围内：
HTTP/1.1 200 OK<CRLF>
Server: GitHub Babel 2.0<CRLF>
Content-Type: application/x-git-upload-pack-advertisement<CRLF>
Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'none'; sandbox<CRLF>
Transfer-Encoding: chunked<CRLF>
expires: Fri, 01 Jan 1980 00:00:00 GMT<CRLF>
pragma: no-cache<CRLF>
Cache-Control: no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate<CRLF>
Vary: Accept-Encoding<CRLF>
X-Frame-Options: DENY<CRLF>
X-GitHub-Request-Id: [redacted]<CRLF>
<CRLF>
001e# service=git-upload-pack<LF>
0000<no LF>0156feee8d0aeff172f5b39e3175175d027f3fd5ecc1 HEAD<NUL>multi_ack thin-pack side-band side-band-64k ofs-delta shallow deepen-since deepen-not deepen-relative no-progress include-tag multi_ack_detailed allow-tip-sha1-in-want allow-reachable-sha1-in-want no-done symref=HEAD:refs/heads/master filter object-format=sha1 agent=git/github-g69d6dd5d35d8<LF>
003ffeee8d0aeff172f5b39e3175175d027f3fd5ecc1 refs/heads/master<LF>
0000
然而，这是简单的部分结束的地方。如果我想真正获得提交数据怎么办？关于此事的 Git 文档给出了一个发送 POST 请求的示例，以及一些语法，然后说“ TODO: Document this further ”。？？？？？？
我尝试以我在文档中看到的格式通过 CURLing GitHub 进行试验。
(cwd)>curl https://github.com/Kenny2github/ConvoSplit.git/git-upload-pack -o - -i -X POST -d @-
0032want feee8d0aeff172f5b39e3175175d027f3fd5ecc1
0032have 941ea62275547bcbfb78fd97d29be18d09a78190
0009done
0000
^Z
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: GitHub Babel 2.0
Content-Type: application/x-git-upload-pack-result
Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'none'; sandbox
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
expires: Fri, 01 Jan 1980 00:00:00 GMT
pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate
Vary: Accept-Encoding
X-GitHub-Request-Id: [redacted]
X-Frame-Options: DENY
curl: (18) transfer closed with outstanding read data remaining
什么？
我尝试使用 Python：
>>> import requests
>>> requests.post('https://github.com/Kenny2github/ConvoSplit.git/git-upload-pack', data=b'''
0032want feee8d0aeff172f5b39e3175175d027f3fd5ecc1
0032have 941ea62275547bcbfb78fd97d29be18d09a78190
0009done
0000
'''.strip())
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\urllib3\response.py", line 572, in _update_chunk_length
self.chunk_left = int(line, 16)
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 16: b''
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\urllib3\response.py", line 331, in _error_catcher
yield
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\urllib3\response.py", line 637, in read_chunked
self._update_chunk_length()
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\urllib3\response.py", line 576, in _update_chunk_length
raise httplib.IncompleteRead(line)
http.client.IncompleteRead: IncompleteRead(0 bytes read)
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\requests\models.py", line 751, in generate
for chunk in self.raw.stream(chunk_size, decode_content=True):
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\urllib3\response.py", line 461, in stream
for line in self.read_chunked(amt, decode_content=decode_content):
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\urllib3\response.py", line 665, in read_chunked
self._original_response.close()
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\contextlib.py", line 130, in __exit__
self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\urllib3\response.py", line 349, in _error_catcher
raise ProtocolError('Connection broken: %r' % e, e)
urllib3.exceptions.ProtocolError: ('Connection broken: IncompleteRead(0 bytes read)', IncompleteRead(0 bytes read))
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#17>", line 1, in <module>
requests.post('https://github.com/Kenny2github/ConvoSplit.git/git-upload-pack', data=b'0032want feee8d0aeff172f5b39e3175175d027f3fd5ecc1\n0032have 941ea62275547bcbfb78fd97d29be18d09a78190\n0009done\n0000')
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 119, in post
return request('post', url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 61, in request
return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 530, in request
resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 685, in send
r.content
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\requests\models.py", line 829, in content
self._content = b''.join(self.iter_content(CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE)) or b''
File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\requests\models.py", line 754, in generate
raise ChunkedEncodingError(e)
requests.exceptions.ChunkedEncodingError: ('Connection broken: IncompleteRead(0 bytes read)', IncompleteRead(0 bytes read))
其余的 http-protocol 文档没有帮助 - 出现了另外六个 TODO。pack-protocol 文档至少让我知道我应该收到什么，但没有说明如何接收。
传输协议文档没有告诉我任何新内容，然后说“看看 Git 源代码”。我试过了，但它是核心 C，我必须基本上了解 Git 本身的整个基础架构。（我可能会尝试这样做，但现在不是时候。）
我确实设法收集了git upload-pack所涉及的内容，并且运行git upload-pack --stateless-rpc --advertise-refs .git确实像以前一样给了我 /info/refs 列表。然而，试图从中取出一个真正的包失败了，他们不仅失败了，而且在平台之间失败了不一致。
在 Windows 上：
(cwd)>git upload-pack --stateless-rpc .git
0032want feee8d0aeff172f5b39e3175175d027f3fd5ecc1
0009done # I hit Enter and nothing else
fatal: protocol error: bad line length character:
000
(cwd)>git upload-pack --stateless-rpc .git
0032want feee8d0aeff172f5b39e3175175d027f3fd5ecc1
0000 # likewise
fatal: protocol error: bad line length character:
000
(cwd)>py -c "print('0032want feee8d0aeff172f5b39e3175175d027f3fd5ecc1\n0009done\n0000')" | git upload-pack --stateless-rpc .git
fatal: protocol error: bad line length character:
000
怀疑是回车导致问题，我尝试了 WSL：
$ git upload-pack --stateless-rpc .git
0032want feee8d0aeff172f5b39e3175175d027f3fd5ecc1
0000 # I hit Enter and then ^D after 0000
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly
$ git upload-pack --stateless-rpc .git
0032want feee8d0aeff172f5b39e3175175d027f3fd5ecc1
0009done # I hit Enter and did NOT hit ^D
fatal: git upload-pack: protocol error, expected to get sha, not 'done'
$ # using Python to pipe each of the above inputs yielded the same results
我究竟做错了什么？我怎样才能让 GitHub/git-upload-pack 尊重我？