我有一个基本start.asm
(nasm 汇编器)的简单设置和一个multiboot2_header.asm
在编译后链接在一起的。multiboot2 标头位于最终文件的开头ELF64-x86_64
。要运行它,我使用QEMU -> OVMF (UEFI) -> GRUB -> <my-binarỳ>
. 当我使用最小的 multiboot2 标头时,一切正常:我处于 32 位模式,我可以设置自己的堆栈和调用函数。为了验证这一点,我检查了 QEMU 中的寄存器。但是现在我想启动到EFI amd64 machine state with boot services enabled
第3.5节multiboot2 规范 [ 1 ] 中定义的 ,但这会导致问题。
我如何尝试实现我的目标:
规范说明,multiboot2 标头必须包含两个标签EFI boot services tag: leaves UEFI boot services enabled
和EFI amd64 entry address tag of Multiboot2 header tag
. 我有信心我做对了(下面的代码)。
问题(更新 2021-06-17)
经过更多调查,看起来我的方法大部分(?)是正确的。问题是,我的hlt
指令被忽略了。这样,执行的代码比预期的要多,一些执行中毒eax
。如果我将hlt
起始符号jmp
中jmp
的 (更新结束)eax
multiboot2-header.asm:
; This file uses "Netwide Assembler Syntax" and can be compiled by running
; `nasm -f elf64 multiboot2_header.asm -o multiboot2_header.o`
;
; External symbol, that comes "start.asm"
EXTERN start
ALIGN 8 ; according to spec, the header must be 64-bit (8 byte) aligned
section .multiboot_header
header_start:
; dd => int 32, see https://www.cs.uaf.edu/2017/fall/cs301/reference/x86_64.html
dd 0xe85250d6 ; magic number (multiboot 2 spec)
dd 0 ; architecture 0 (protected mode i386; spec doesn't specify many options)
dd header_end - header_start ; header length
; checksum
dd 0x100000000 - (0xe85250d6 + 0 + (header_end - header_start))
; OPTIONAL MULTIBOOT2 TAGS (additional to required END TAG)
; In order to boot into "EFI amd64 machine state with boot services enabled" (3.5 in Spec, 2021-06)
; machine state, we must specify a few additional tags:
;
; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; "EFI boot services tag": leaves UEFI boot services enabled: its our task to exit them
ALIGN 8 ; alignment in bits, according to multiboot2 spec, tags are 8-byte (64bit) aligned
dw 7 ; type (16bit)
dw 0 ; flags (16bit)
dd 8 ; size (32bit)
; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; "EFI amd64 entry address tag of Multiboot2 header tag"
ALIGN 8
dw 9 ; type (16bit)
dw 0 ; flags (16bit)
dd 12 ; size (32bit)
; TODO I'm not entirely sure how this works together with the "start" symbol from the linker script:
; perhaps the start symbol in the linker script is a fallback, if this is not found
dd start ; entry_addr (32bit)
; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; REQUIRED END TAG
ALIGN 8
dw 0 ; type (16bit)
dw 0 ; flags (16bit)
dd 8 ; size (32bit)
header_end:
PS:Rust 工具 bootinfo [ 2 ] 可以正确识别我最终 ELF 中的 multiboot2 标头和指定标签。