141

如何使用 php 检测搜索引擎机器人？

4

18 回答 18

261

我使用以下似乎工作正常的代码：

function _bot_detected() {

  return (
    isset($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'])
    && preg_match('/bot|crawl|slurp|spider|mediapartners/i', $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'])
  );
}

更新 16-06-2017 https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/1061943?hl=en

添加了媒体合作伙伴

于 2013-02-24T01:52:36.010 回答
84

这是蜘蛛名称的搜索引擎目录

然后你$_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'];用来检查代理是否是蜘蛛。

if(strstr(strtolower($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']), "googlebot"))
{
    // what to do
}
于 2009-03-24T13:37:21.897 回答
20

检查$_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']此处列出的一些字符串：

http://www.useragentstring.com/pages/useragentstring.php

或者更具体地说，对于爬虫：

http://www.useragentstring.com/pages/useragentstring.php?typ=Crawler

如果您想记录最常见的搜索引擎爬虫的访问次数，您可以使用

$interestingCrawlers = array( 'google', 'yahoo' );
$pattern = '/(' . implode('|', $interestingCrawlers) .')/';
$matches = array();
$numMatches = preg_match($pattern, strtolower($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']), $matches, 'i');
if($numMatches > 0) // Found a match
{
  // $matches[1] contains an array of all text matches to either 'google' or 'yahoo'
}
于 2009-03-24T13:37:42.443 回答
17

您可以检查它是否是具有此功能的搜索引擎：

<?php
function crawlerDetect($USER_AGENT)
{
$crawlers = array(
'Google' => 'Google',
'MSN' => 'msnbot',
      'Rambler' => 'Rambler',
      'Yahoo' => 'Yahoo',
      'AbachoBOT' => 'AbachoBOT',
      'accoona' => 'Accoona',
      'AcoiRobot' => 'AcoiRobot',
      'ASPSeek' => 'ASPSeek',
      'CrocCrawler' => 'CrocCrawler',
      'Dumbot' => 'Dumbot',
      'FAST-WebCrawler' => 'FAST-WebCrawler',
      'GeonaBot' => 'GeonaBot',
      'Gigabot' => 'Gigabot',
      'Lycos spider' => 'Lycos',
      'MSRBOT' => 'MSRBOT',
      'Altavista robot' => 'Scooter',
      'AltaVista robot' => 'Altavista',
      'ID-Search Bot' => 'IDBot',
      'eStyle Bot' => 'eStyle',
      'Scrubby robot' => 'Scrubby',
      'Facebook' => 'facebookexternalhit',
  );
  // to get crawlers string used in function uncomment it
  // it is better to save it in string than use implode every time
  // global $crawlers
   $crawlers_agents = implode('|',$crawlers);
  if (strpos($crawlers_agents, $USER_AGENT) === false)
      return false;
    else {
    return TRUE;
    }
}
?>

然后你可以像这样使用它：

<?php $USER_AGENT = $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'];
  if(crawlerDetect($USER_AGENT)) return "no need to lang redirection";?>
于 2013-07-18T00:53:22.130 回答
15

我用它来检测机器人：

if (preg_match('/bot|crawl|curl|dataprovider|search|get|spider|find|java|majesticsEO|google|yahoo|teoma|contaxe|yandex|libwww-perl|facebookexternalhit/i', $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'])) {
    // is bot
}

此外，我使用白名单来阻止不需要的机器人：

if (preg_match('/apple|baidu|bingbot|facebookexternalhit|googlebot|-google|ia_archiver|msnbot|naverbot|pingdom|seznambot|slurp|teoma|twitter|yandex|yeti/i', $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'])) {
    // allowed bot
}

然后，不需要的机器人（= 误报用户）能够解决验证码以在 24 小时内解锁自己。由于没有人解决这个验证码，我知道它不会产生误报。所以机器人检测似乎工作得很好。

注意：我的白名单基于Facebook 的 robots.txt。

于 2017-04-15T19:42:59.170 回答
14

因为任何客户端都可以将用户代理设置为他们想要的，所以寻找“Googlebot”、“bingbot”等只是工作的一半。

第二部分是验证客户端的 IP。在过去，这需要维护 IP 列表。您在网上找到的所有列表都已过时。正如 Google https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/80553和 Bing http://www.bing.com/webmaster/help/how-to-verify所解释的，顶级搜索引擎正式支持通过 DNS 进行验证-bingbot-3905dc26

首先执行客户端 IP 的反向 DNS 查找。对于 Google，这会在 googlebot.com 下带来一个主机名，对于 Bing，它在 search.msn.com 下。然后，因为有人可以在他的 IP 上设置这样的反向 DNS，所以您需要通过对该主机名的正向 DNS 查找进行验证。如果生成的 IP 与网站访问者的 IP 相同，则可以确定它是来自该搜索引擎的爬虫。

我已经用 Java 编写了一个库来为您执行这些检查。随意将其移植到 PHP。它在 GitHub 上：https ://github.com/optimaize/webcrawler-verifier

于 2015-04-05T13:48:55.687 回答
9

我使用这个函数......正则表达式的一部分来自 prestashop，但我添加了一些更多的机器人。 

    public function isBot()
{
    $bot_regex = '/BotLink|bingbot|AhrefsBot|ahoy|AlkalineBOT|anthill|appie|arale|araneo|AraybOt|ariadne|arks|ATN_Worldwide|Atomz|bbot|Bjaaland|Ukonline|borg\-bot\/0\.9|boxseabot|bspider|calif|christcrawler|CMC\/0\.01|combine|confuzzledbot|CoolBot|cosmos|Internet Cruiser Robot|cusco|cyberspyder|cydralspider|desertrealm, desert realm|digger|DIIbot|grabber|downloadexpress|DragonBot|dwcp|ecollector|ebiness|elfinbot|esculapio|esther|fastcrawler|FDSE|FELIX IDE|ESI|fido|H�m�h�kki|KIT\-Fireball|fouineur|Freecrawl|gammaSpider|gazz|gcreep|golem|googlebot|griffon|Gromit|gulliver|gulper|hambot|havIndex|hotwired|htdig|iajabot|INGRID\/0\.1|Informant|InfoSpiders|inspectorwww|irobot|Iron33|JBot|jcrawler|Teoma|Jeeves|jobo|image\.kapsi\.net|KDD\-Explorer|ko_yappo_robot|label\-grabber|larbin|legs|Linkidator|linkwalker|Lockon|logo_gif_crawler|marvin|mattie|mediafox|MerzScope|NEC\-MeshExplorer|MindCrawler|udmsearch|moget|Motor|msnbot|muncher|muninn|MuscatFerret|MwdSearch|sharp\-info\-agent|WebMechanic|NetScoop|newscan\-online|ObjectsSearch|Occam|Orbsearch\/1\.0|packrat|pageboy|ParaSite|patric|pegasus|perlcrawler|phpdig|piltdownman|Pimptrain|pjspider|PlumtreeWebAccessor|PortalBSpider|psbot|Getterrobo\-Plus|Raven|RHCS|RixBot|roadrunner|Robbie|robi|RoboCrawl|robofox|Scooter|Search\-AU|searchprocess|Senrigan|Shagseeker|sift|SimBot|Site Valet|skymob|SLCrawler\/2\.0|slurp|ESI|snooper|solbot|speedy|spider_monkey|SpiderBot\/1\.0|spiderline|nil|suke|http:\/\/www\.sygol\.com|tach_bw|TechBOT|templeton|titin|topiclink|UdmSearch|urlck|Valkyrie libwww\-perl|verticrawl|Victoria|void\-bot|Voyager|VWbot_K|crawlpaper|wapspider|WebBandit\/1\.0|webcatcher|T\-H\-U\-N\-D\-E\-R\-S\-T\-O\-N\-E|WebMoose|webquest|webreaper|webs|webspider|WebWalker|wget|winona|whowhere|wlm|WOLP|WWWC|none|XGET|Nederland\.zoek|AISearchBot|woriobot|NetSeer|Nutch|YandexBot|YandexMobileBot|SemrushBot|FatBot|MJ12bot|DotBot|AddThis|baiduspider|SeznamBot|mod_pagespeed|CCBot|openstat.ru\/Bot|m2e/i';
    $userAgent = empty($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']) ? FALSE : $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'];
    $isBot = !$userAgent || preg_match($bot_regex, $userAgent);

    return $isBot;
}

无论如何要注意一些机器人使用像用户代理这样的浏览器来伪造他们的身份
（我有很多俄罗斯 ip 在我的网站上有这种行为）

大多数机器人的一个显着特征是它们不携带任何cookie，因此没有会​​话附加到它们。
（我不确定如何，但这肯定是跟踪它们的最佳方法）

于 2018-02-02T06:50:40.323 回答
9

如果你真的需要检测 GOOGLE 引擎机器人，你不应该依赖“user_agent”或“IP”地址，因为“user_agent”可以根据谷歌所说的进行更改：验证 Googlebot

将 Googlebot 验证为调用者：

1.使用 host 命令对日志中的访问 IP 地址运行反向 DNS查找。

2.验证域名在googlebot.com或google.com中

3.对检索到的域名使用主机命令对步骤 1 中检索到的域名运行正向 DNS 查找。验证它是否与日志中的原始访问 IP 地址相同。

这是我测试过的代码：

<?php
$remote_add=$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
$hostname = gethostbyaddr($remote_add);
$googlebot = 'googlebot.com';
$google = 'google.com';
if (stripos(strrev($hostname), strrev($googlebot)) === 0 or stripos(strrev($hostname),strrev($google)) === 0 ) 
{
//add your code
}

?>

在这段代码中，我们检查“主机名”，它应该在“主机名”的末尾包含“googlebot.com”或“google.com”，这对于检查确切的域而不是子域非常重要。我希望你喜欢 ;）

于 2020-07-02T10:16:28.717 回答
7

您可以分析用户代理 ( $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']) 或将客户端的 IP 地址 ( $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']) 与搜索引擎机器人的 IP 地址列表进行比较。

于 2009-03-24T13:37:12.787 回答
6

使用 Device Detector 开源库，它提供了一个 isBot() 函数：https ://github.com/piwik/device-detector

于 2015-04-28T12:02:20.547 回答
4 
 <?php // IPCLOACK HOOK
if (CLOAKING_LEVEL != 4) {
    $lastupdated = date("Ymd", filemtime(FILE_BOTS));
    if ($lastupdated != date("Ymd")) {
        $lists = array(
        'http://labs.getyacg.com/spiders/google.txt',
        'http://labs.getyacg.com/spiders/inktomi.txt',
        'http://labs.getyacg.com/spiders/lycos.txt',
        'http://labs.getyacg.com/spiders/msn.txt',
        'http://labs.getyacg.com/spiders/altavista.txt',
        'http://labs.getyacg.com/spiders/askjeeves.txt',
        'http://labs.getyacg.com/spiders/wisenut.txt',
        );
        foreach($lists as $list) {
            $opt .= fetch($list);
        }
        $opt = preg_replace("/(^[\r\n]*|[\r\n]+)[\s\t]*[\r\n]+/", "\n", $opt);
        $fp =  fopen(FILE_BOTS,"w");
        fwrite($fp,$opt);
        fclose($fp);
    }
    $ip = isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']) ? $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] : '';
    $ref = isset($_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']) ? $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] : '';
    $agent = isset($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']) ? $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] : '';
    $host = strtolower(gethostbyaddr($ip));
    $file = implode(" ", file(FILE_BOTS));
    $exp = explode(".", $ip);
    $class = $exp[0].'.'.$exp[1].'.'.$exp[2].'.';
    $threshold = CLOAKING_LEVEL;
    $cloak = 0;
    if (stristr($host, "googlebot") && stristr($host, "inktomi") && stristr($host, "msn")) {
        $cloak++;
    }
    if (stristr($file, $class)) {
        $cloak++;
    }
    if (stristr($file, $agent)) {
        $cloak++;
    }
    if (strlen($ref) > 0) {
        $cloak = 0;
    }

    if ($cloak >= $threshold) {
        $cloakdirective = 1;
    } else {
        $cloakdirective = 0;
    }
}
?>

那将是隐藏蜘蛛的理想方式。它来自一个名为 [YACG] 的开源脚本 - http://getyacg.com

需要一些工作，但绝对是要走的路。

于 2009-03-24T18:22:48.250 回答
4

我为此做了一个又好又快的功能

function is_bot(){

        if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']))
        {
            return preg_match('/rambler|abacho|acoi|accona|aspseek|altavista|estyle|scrubby|lycos|geona|ia_archiver|alexa|sogou|skype|facebook|twitter|pinterest|linkedin|naver|bing|google|yahoo|duckduckgo|yandex|baidu|teoma|xing|java\/1.7.0_45|bot|crawl|slurp|spider|mediapartners|\sask\s|\saol\s/i', $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']);
        }

        return false;
    }

这涵盖了所有可能的机器人、搜索引擎等的 99%。

于 2019-08-21T09:50:11.240 回答
4

100% 工作机器人检测器。它在我的网站上成功运行。

function isBotDetected() {

    if ( preg_match('/abacho|accona|AddThis|AdsBot|ahoy|AhrefsBot|AISearchBot|alexa|altavista|anthill|appie|applebot|arale|araneo|AraybOt|ariadne|arks|aspseek|ATN_Worldwide|Atomz|baiduspider|baidu|bbot|bingbot|bing|Bjaaland|BlackWidow|BotLink|bot|boxseabot|bspider|calif|CCBot|ChinaClaw|christcrawler|CMC\/0\.01|combine|confuzzledbot|contaxe|CoolBot|cosmos|crawler|crawlpaper|crawl|curl|cusco|cyberspyder|cydralspider|dataprovider|digger|DIIbot|DotBot|downloadexpress|DragonBot|DuckDuckBot|dwcp|EasouSpider|ebiness|ecollector|elfinbot|esculapio|ESI|esther|eStyle|Ezooms|facebookexternalhit|facebook|facebot|fastcrawler|FatBot|FDSE|FELIX IDE|fetch|fido|find|Firefly|fouineur|Freecrawl|froogle|gammaSpider|gazz|gcreep|geona|Getterrobo-Plus|get|girafabot|golem|googlebot|\-google|grabber|GrabNet|griffon|Gromit|gulliver|gulper|hambot|havIndex|hotwired|htdig|HTTrack|ia_archiver|iajabot|IDBot|Informant|InfoSeek|InfoSpiders|INGRID\/0\.1|inktomi|inspectorwww|Internet Cruiser Robot|irobot|Iron33|JBot|jcrawler|Jeeves|jobo|KDD\-Explorer|KIT\-Fireball|ko_yappo_robot|label\-grabber|larbin|legs|libwww-perl|linkedin|Linkidator|linkwalker|Lockon|logo_gif_crawler|Lycos|m2e|majesticsEO|marvin|mattie|mediafox|mediapartners|MerzScope|MindCrawler|MJ12bot|mod_pagespeed|moget|Motor|msnbot|muncher|muninn|MuscatFerret|MwdSearch|NationalDirectory|naverbot|NEC\-MeshExplorer|NetcraftSurveyAgent|NetScoop|NetSeer|newscan\-online|nil|none|Nutch|ObjectsSearch|Occam|openstat.ru\/Bot|packrat|pageboy|ParaSite|patric|pegasus|perlcrawler|phpdig|piltdownman|Pimptrain|pingdom|pinterest|pjspider|PlumtreeWebAccessor|PortalBSpider|psbot|rambler|Raven|RHCS|RixBot|roadrunner|Robbie|robi|RoboCrawl|robofox|Scooter|Scrubby|Search\-AU|searchprocess|search|SemrushBot|Senrigan|seznambot|Shagseeker|sharp\-info\-agent|sift|SimBot|Site Valet|SiteSucker|skymob|SLCrawler\/2\.0|slurp|snooper|solbot|speedy|spider_monkey|SpiderBot\/1\.0|spiderline|spider|suke|tach_bw|TechBOT|TechnoratiSnoop|templeton|teoma|titin|topiclink|twitterbot|twitter|UdmSearch|Ukonline|UnwindFetchor|URL_Spider_SQL|urlck|urlresolver|Valkyrie libwww\-perl|verticrawl|Victoria|void\-bot|Voyager|VWbot_K|wapspider|WebBandit\/1\.0|webcatcher|WebCopier|WebFindBot|WebLeacher|WebMechanic|WebMoose|webquest|webreaper|webspider|webs|WebWalker|WebZip|wget|whowhere|winona|wlm|WOLP|woriobot|WWWC|XGET|xing|yahoo|YandexBot|YandexMobileBot|yandex|yeti|Zeus/i', $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'])
    ) {
        return true; // 'Above given bots detected'
    }

    return false;

} // End :: isBotDetected()
于 2020-02-04T10:12:59.963 回答
1

我正在使用此代码，非常好。您将很容易知道访问过您网站的用户代理。此代码正在打开一个文件并将 user_agent 写入文件。您可以通过 go to 每天检查此文件yourdomain.com/useragent.txt并了解新的 user_agents 并将它们置于您的 if 子句条件中。

$user_agent = strtolower($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']);
if(!preg_match("/Googlebot|MJ12bot|yandexbot/i", $user_agent)){
    // if not meet the conditions then
    // do what you need

    // here open a file and write the user_agent down the file. You can check each day this file useragent.txt and know about new user_agents and put them in your condition of if clause
    if($user_agent!=""){
        $myfile = fopen("useragent.txt", "a") or die("Unable to open file useragent.txt!");
        fwrite($myfile, $user_agent);
        $user_agent = "\n";
        fwrite($myfile, $user_agent);
        fclose($myfile);
    }
}

这是 useragent.txt 的内容

Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MJ12bot/v1.4.6; http://mj12bot.com/)Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)
Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0.1; Nexus 5X Build/MMB29P) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2272.96 Mobile Safari/537.36 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)mozilla/5.0 (compatible; yandexbot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)
mozilla/5.0 (compatible; yandexbot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)
mozilla/5.0 (compatible; yandexbot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)
mozilla/5.0 (compatible; yandexbot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)
mozilla/5.0 (compatible; yandexbot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)
mozilla/5.0 (iphone; cpu iphone os 9_3 like mac os x) applewebkit/601.1.46 (khtml, like gecko) version/9.0 mobile/13e198 safari/601.1
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; wow64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/53.0.2785.143 safari/537.36
mozilla/5.0 (compatible; linkdexbot/2.2; +http://www.linkdex.com/bots/)
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; wow64; rv:49.0) gecko/20100101 firefox/49.0
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; wow64; rv:33.0) gecko/20100101 firefox/33.0
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; wow64; rv:49.0) gecko/20100101 firefox/49.0
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; wow64; rv:33.0) gecko/20100101 firefox/33.0
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; wow64; rv:49.0) gecko/20100101 firefox/49.0
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; wow64; rv:33.0) gecko/20100101 firefox/33.0
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; wow64; rv:49.0) gecko/20100101 firefox/49.0
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; wow64; rv:33.0) gecko/20100101 firefox/33.0
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; wow64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/53.0.2785.143 safari/537.36
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 6.1; wow64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/53.0.2785.143 safari/537.36
mozilla/5.0 (compatible; baiduspider/2.0; +http://www.baidu.com/search/spider.html)
zoombot (linkbot 1.0 http://suite.seozoom.it/bot.html)
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 10.0; wow64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/44.0.2403.155 safari/537.36 opr/31.0.1889.174
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 10.0; wow64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/44.0.2403.155 safari/537.36 opr/31.0.1889.174
sogou web spider/4.0(+http://www.sogou.com/docs/help/webmasters.htm#07)
mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 10.0; wow64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/44.0.2403.155 safari/537.36 opr/31.0.1889.174
于 2016-10-12T02:04:41.177 回答
0

对于谷歌，我正在使用这种方法。

function is_google() {
    $ip   = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
    $host = gethostbyaddr( $ip );
    if ( strpos( $host, '.google.com' ) !== false || strpos( $host, '.googlebot.com' ) !== false ) {

        $forward_lookup = gethostbyname( $host );

        if ( $forward_lookup == $ip ) {
            return true;
        }

        return false;
    } else {
        return false;
    }

}

var_dump( is_google() );

学分： https: //support.google.com/webmasters/answer/80553

于 2020-04-24T01:07:30.413 回答
0

可能会迟到，但是隐藏的链接呢？所有机器人都会使用 rel 属性跟随，只有坏机器人会使用 nofollow rel 属性。

<a style="display:none;" rel="follow" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="isabot();">.</a>

function isabot(){
//define a variable to pass with ajax to php
// || send bots info direct to where ever.
isabot = true;
}

对于一个糟糕的机器人，你可以使用这个：

<a style="display:none;" href="javascript:void(0);" rel="nofollow" onclick="isBadbot();">.</a>

对于特定于 PHP，您可以删除 onclick 属性并将 href 属性替换为指向您的 ip 检测器/机器人检测器的链接，如下所示：

<a style="display:none;" rel="follow" href="https://somedomain.com/botdetector.php">.</a>

或者

<a style="display:none;" rel="nofollow" href="https://somedomain.com/badbotdetector.php">.</a>

您可以使用它，也可以同时使用两者，一个检测机器人，而另一个证明它是一个坏机器人。

希望你觉得这个有用

于 2021-03-11T11:20:55.760 回答
0

验证Googlebot

由于用户代理可以更改...

唯一官方支持的识别 google bot 的方法是对访问的 IP 地址运行反向 DNS 查找，并对结果运行正向 DNS 查找以验证它是否指向访问 IP 地址并且生成的域名在任一 googlebot 中。 com 或 google.com 域。

取自这里。

所以你必须运行 DNS 查询

两者，reverse和forward。

请参阅Google 搜索中心上的本指南。

于 2021-09-17T19:43:07.130 回答
-1 
function bot_detected() {

  if(preg_match('/bot|crawl|slurp|spider|mediapartners/i', $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']){
    return true;
  }
  else{
    return false;
  }
}
于 2018-01-25T05:20:09.410 回答