1

我无法使用 Apache Jena 创建 NodeShape。我想定义一个针对属于 owl:Class 的所有命名个体的形状（因此不包括空白节点）。例如，这种形状有助于评估一个本体的所有类别是否至少有一个标签。

我定义了这个形状

@prefix sh: <http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl#> .
@prefix os: <https://w3id.org/OWLunit/shapes/ontology.ttl#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .


os:ClassShape
    a sh:NodeShape ;
    sh:target [
        a sh:SPARQLTarget ;
        sh:select """
            PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
            SELECT ?this
            WHERE {
                ?this a owl:Class .
                FILTER(!isBlank(?this))
            }
        """ ;
    ] ;
    sh:property [
        sh:path rdfs:label ;
        sh:minCount 1 ;
    ] .

并且，按照此处提供的说明，我编写了以下代码来评估DUL 本体上的形状。

    public static void test() {
        String SHAPES = "test_shape.ttl";
        String DATA = "http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl";

        String q = "PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> "
                + "PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> " 
                + "SELECT ?this  WHERE {"
                + " ?this a owl:Class . FILTER NOT EXISTS {?this rdfs:label ?l}" 
                + "FILTER (!isBlank(?this))}";

        Graph shapesGraph = RDFDataMgr.loadGraph(SHAPES);

        Graph dataGraph = RDFDataMgr.loadGraph(DATA, Lang.RDFXML);

        System.out.println(ResultSetFormatter
                .asText(QueryExecutionFactory.create(q, ModelFactory.createModelForGraph(dataGraph)).execSelect()));

        Shapes shapes = Shapes.parse(shapesGraph);

        System.out.println("Number of shapes " + shapes.getTargetShapes().size());

        ValidationReport report = ShaclValidator.get().validate(shapes, dataGraph);
        System.out.println(report.conforms());
        ShLib.printReport(report);
    }

方法 test() 的执行产生以下结果：

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| this                                                                         |
================================================================================
| <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#DesignedSubstance>    |
| <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#TimeIndexedRelation>  |
| <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#ObjectAggregate>      |
| <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#SpatioTemporalRegion> |
| <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Thing>                                        |
| <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#InformationEntity>    |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Number of shapes 0
true
Conforms

请注意，本体中定义的 6 个类没有标签（查询 q 打印它们），因此本体不符合形状。没有加载任何形状，因此 DUL 结果符合形状。

这里出了点问题。是因为形状还是代码？

PS：我正在使用 apache-jena 4.0.0

4

0 回答 0