以下代码允许您runtime.py
在运行时修改的内容。换句话说,你不必打断runner.py
。
#runner.py
import time
import imp
def main():
while True:
mod = imp.load_source("runtime", "./runtime.py")
mod.function()
time.sleep(1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
运行时导入的模块是:
# runtime.py
def function():
print("I am version one of runtime.py")
这种原始机制允许您“如何交换” Python 代码(a la Erlang)。有更好的选择吗?
请注意,这只是一个学术问题,因为我没有必要做这样的事情。但是,我有兴趣了解更多有关 Python 运行时的信息。
编辑:
我创建了以下解决方案:Engine
对象为模块中包含的函数提供接口(在这种情况下,模块被称为engine.py
)。该Engine
对象还产生一个线程来监视源文件中的变化,如果检测到变化,它会调用notify()
引擎上的方法,重新加载源文件。
在我的实现中,更改检测基于每秒轮询一次frequency
检查文件的 SHA1 校验和,但其他实现也是可能的。
在此示例中,检测到的每个更改都记录到名为 的文件hotswap.log
中,其中注册了校验和。
检测更改的其他机制可能是服务器或线程inotify
中的使用。Monitor
import imp
import time
import hashlib
import threading
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger("")
class MonitorThread(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, engine, frequency=1):
super(MonitorThread, self).__init__()
self.engine = engine
self.frequency = frequency
# daemonize the thread so that it ends with the master program
self.daemon = True
def run(self):
while True:
with open(self.engine.source, "rb") as fp:
fingerprint = hashlib.sha1(fp.read()).hexdigest()
if not fingerprint == self.engine.fingerprint:
self.engine.notify(fingerprint)
time.sleep(self.frequency)
class Engine(object):
def __init__(self, source):
# store the path to the engine source
self.source = source
# load the module for the first time and create a fingerprint
# for the file
self.mod = imp.load_source("source", self.source)
with open(self.source, "rb") as fp:
self.fingerprint = hashlib.sha1(fp.read()).hexdigest()
# turn on monitoring thread
monitor = MonitorThread(self)
monitor.start()
def notify(self, fingerprint):
logger.info("received notification of fingerprint change ({0})".\
format(fingerprint))
self.fingerprint = fingerprint
self.mod = imp.load_source("source", self.source)
def __getattr__(self, attr):
return getattr(self.mod, attr)
def main():
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,
filename="hotswap.log")
engine = Engine("engine.py")
# this silly loop is a sample of how the program can be running in
# one thread and the monitoring is performed in another.
while True:
engine.f1()
engine.f2()
time.sleep(1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
engine.py
文件:
# this is "engine.py"
def f1():
print("call to f1")
def f2():
print("call to f2")
日志样本:
INFO:root:received notification of fingerprint change (be1c56097992e2a414e94c98cd6a88d162c96956)
INFO:root:received notification of fingerprint change (dcb434869aa94897529d365803bf2b48be665897)
INFO:root:received notification of fingerprint change (36a0a4b20ee9ca6901842a30aab5eb52796649bd)
INFO:root:received notification of fingerprint change (2e96b05bbb8dbe8716c4dd37b74e9f58c6a925f2)
INFO:root:received notification of fingerprint change (baac96c2d37f169536c8c20fe5935c197425ed40)
INFO:root:received notification of fingerprint change (be1c56097992e2a414e94c98cd6a88d162c96956)
INFO:root:received notification of fingerprint change (dcb434869aa94897529d365803bf2b48be665897)
再说一次 - 这是一个学术讨论,因为此时我不需要热交换 Python 代码。但是,我喜欢能够了解一点运行时并意识到什么是可能的,什么是不可能的。请注意,加载机制可以添加锁,以防它正在使用资源,以及异常处理,以防模块未成功加载。
注释?