将 defs(用于定义)元素附加到 SVG
var defs = svg.append("defs");
//向defs添加一个linearGradient元素并给它一个唯一的id
var linearGradient = defs.append("linearGradient")
.attr("id123", "linear-gradient");
//水平渐变
线性渐变
.attr("x1", "0%")
.attr("y1", "0%")
.attr("x2", "100%")
.attr("y2", "0%");
//建立一个色标
var colorScale = d3.scale.linear().range(["#2c7bb6", "#00a6ca","#00ccbc","#90eb9d","#ffff8c",
"#f9d057","#f29e2e","#e76818","#d7191c"]);
//使用D3的数据添加多个色标/进入步骤
linearGradient.selectAll("停止")
.data( colorScale.range() )
.enter().append("stop")
.attr("offset", function(d,i) { return i/(colorScale.range().length-1); })
.attr("stop-color", function(d) { return d; });