可能是我的代码实现错误，但我发现虽然我可以从文字数据中提供 GET 请求，但我无法更新该数据并将其显示为在后续 GET 请求中更新。我也不能让 POST 请求更新数据。
所以它的行为就好像在 Python 的 HTTPServer 或 BaseHTTPRequestHandler 的某个地方发生了缓存或分叉。
提前感谢您查看它，但是，轻轻地，不，我不想使用非核心 3.8 模块或使用完全不同的框架或某些 Flask 重新编写。我认为这应该可行，但它行为不端，我无法找出原因。如果我使用的是 C 或 Go 的内置库，它预计它不会像我一样令人头疼（对我来说）。
为了演示，您将运行以下 python 实现，并加载http://127.0.0.1:8081/两到三次：
"""
A Quick test server on 8081.
"""
from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
import cgi
import json
import os
import sys
ADDR = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 8081
def run(server_class=HTTPServer, handler_class=BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
server_address = (ADDR, PORT)
with server_class(server_address, handler_class) as httpd:
print("serving at", ADDR, "on", PORT, f"[ http://{ADDR}:{PORT} ]")
try:
httpd.serve_forever()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print(" stopping web server due to interrupt signal...")
httpd.socket.close()
class SimpleHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
"""
Implements responses to GET POST
"""
def __init__(self, request, client_address, server):
"""Sets up the server's memory, a favicon, and one text pseudo-file."""
self.files = {
'/oh': ['text/plain', "It's me", ],
'/favicon.ico': [
'image/svg+xml',
'<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 48 48"><text y="1em" font-size="48">⁇</text></svg>',
],
}
self.head = '<link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" sizes="48x48" '\
'href="/favicon.ico">'
super(SimpleHandler, self).__init__(request, client_address, server)
def _set_headers(self, content_type='application/json', response=200):
self.send_response(response)
self.send_header("Content-type", content_type)
self.end_headers()
def _html(self, message, title='Simple Server', extra=""):
"""This generates HTML with `message` in the h1 of body."""
content = f"<html><head><title>{title}</title>{self.head}</head>" \
f"<body><h1>{message}</h1>{extra}</body></html>"
return content.encode("utf8") # NOTE: must return a bytes object!
def do_GET(self):
"""Respond to a GET request."""
if self.path == "/":
self._set_headers('text/html')
fnames = [f'<li><a href="{fn}">{fn}</a></li>' for fn in self.files.keys()]
fnames.sort()
self.wfile.write(self._html(
"Welcome",
extra='Try:'
'<ul>'
'<li><a href="/hello">/hello</a></li>'
f'{"".join(fnames)}'
'</ul>'
))
elif self.path == "/hello":
self._set_headers('text/html')
self.wfile.write(self._html("hello you"))
elif self.path in self.files:
content_type, content = self.files[self.path]
self.send_response(200)
self._set_headers(content_type)
self.wfile.write(content.encode())
else:
self.send_error(404)
# Note this update doesn't seem to happen to the in memory dict.
self.files[f"/{len(self.files)}"] = [
"text/html", self._html(len(self.files))]
def do_HEAD(self):
if self.path in ["/", "/hello"]:
self._set_headers('text/html')
elif self.path in self.files:
content_type, _ = self.files[self.path]
self._set_headers(content_type)
else:
self.send_error(404)
def do_POST(self):
"""Should update pseudo-files with posted file contents."""
ctype, pdict = cgi.parse_header(
self.headers.get('content-type', self.headers.get_content_type()))
print("POSTED with content type", ctype)
content = None
if ctype == 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded':
print(" * This multipart/form-data method might not work")
content = {"content": str(self.rfile.read(int(self.headers['Content-Length'])).decode())}
elif ctype == 'multipart/form-data':
print(" * This multipart/form-data method might not work")
fields = cgi.parse_multipart(self.rfile, pdict)
content = {"content": fields.get('content')}
elif ctype == 'application/json':
data_string = self.rfile.read(int(self.headers['Content-Length']))
content = json.loads(data_string)
else:
self.send_error(404)
print(" * Received content:", content)
# Note this update doesn't seem to happen to the in memory dict.
self.files[self.path] = ['application/json', content]
self._set_headers(response=201)
self.wfile.write(json.dumps(content).encode())
if __name__ == '__main__':
print('FYI:')
print(' LANG =', os.getenv('LANG'))
print(' Default Charset Encoding =', sys.getdefaultencoding())
path_to_script = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
print('Serving from path:', path_to_script)
os.chdir(path_to_script)
run(handler_class=SimpleHandler)
即使在加载http://127.0.0.1:8081/之前，也可以尝试发布以向self.files字典添加内容。例如
curl -v -H 'content-type: application/json' \
--data-binary '{"this": "should work"}' http://127.0.0.1:8081/new_file
您可以看到服务器响应，并打印收到的数据，现在应该在其中self.files，因此/应该显示它。您可以将其与以下内容混合使用：
curl -v --data-urlencode 'content={"this": "should work"}' http://127.0.0.1:8081/new_file2
但是这些都没有添加self.files['/new_file']or '/new_file2'，而且还不清楚为什么。
一个应该能够请求/new_file或/new_file2，而那些是 404。
中的最后几行do_GET，多个GET /请求应该显示更多列出的项目。
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:8081
<html><head><title>Simple Server</title><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" sizes="48x48" href="/favicon.ico"></head><body><h1>Welcome</h1>Try:<ul><li><a href="/hello">/hello</a></li><li><a href="/favicon.ico">/favicon.ico</a></li><li><a href="/oh">/oh</a></li></ul></body></html>
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:8081
<html><head><title>Simple Server</title><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" sizes="48x48" href="/favicon.ico"></head><body><h1>Welcome</h1>Try:<ul><li><a href="/hello">/hello</a></li><li><a href="/favicon.ico">/favicon.ico</a></li><li><a href="/oh">/oh</a></li></ul></body></html>
虽然将那些添加新键和值的行移到self.files顶部do_GET显示它确实更新了，但只有一次，这似乎更奇怪：
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:8081
<html><head><title>Simple Server</title><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" sizes="48x48" href="/favicon.ico"></head><body><h1>Welcome</h1>Try:<ul><li><a href="/hello">/hello</a></li><li><a href="/2">/2</a></li><li><a href="/favicon.ico">/favicon.ico</a></li><li><a href="/oh">/oh</a></li></ul></body></html>
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:8081
<html><head><title>Simple Server</title><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" sizes="48x48" href="/favicon.ico"></head><body><h1>Welcome</h1>Try:<ul><li><a href="/hello">/hello</a></li><li><a href="/2">/2</a></li><li><a href="/favicon.ico">/favicon.ico</a></li><li><a href="/oh">/oh</a></li></ul></body></html>