2

考虑下面的代码，当任何钩子中抛出错误时，如何实现事务以确保someParentDocument不会被删除并且在钩子内执行的任何操作都会回滚？


const parentSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    name: String,
    children: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: "Child" }],
});

const childSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    name: String,
    parent: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: "Parent" },
});

parentSchema.pre("remove", async function(next){
    // Add and remove documents to Parent and Child...
    //...
    next();
});

parentSchema.post("remove", async function(parent){
    throw new Error("Exception!");
});


// (...)
try {
    await someParentDocument.delete();  // <-- will trigger the hooks above
} catch {}
4

1 回答 1

1

TLDR；Mongoose 中间件不是为此而设计的。

这种插入事务的方法实际上是在修补中间件功能，而您实际上是在创建一个完全独立于mongoose中间件的 api。

更好的是在单独的函数中反转删除查询的逻辑。

简单而有针对性的解决方案

允许事务处理方法发挥其魔力，并为您的父模型创建一个单独的删除方法。Mongoose 包装mongodb.ClientSession.prototype.withTransaction，mongoose.Connection.prototype.transaction我们甚至不必实例化或管理会话！看看下面这个和那个长度的不同。而且，您可以省去记住中间件内部结构的麻烦，而代价是一个单独的功能。


const parentSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    name: String,
    children: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: "Child" }],
});

const childSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    name: String,
    parent: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: "Parent" },
});

// Assume `parent` is a parent document here
async function fullRemoveParent(parent) {
    // The document's connection
    const db = parent.db;

    // This handles everything with the transaction for us, including retries
    // session, commits, aborts, etc.
    await db.transaction(async function (session) {
        // Make sure to associate all actions with the session
        await parent.remove({ session });
        await db
            .model("Child")
            .deleteMany({ _id: { $in: parent.children } })
            .session(session);
    });

    // And done!
}

小扩展

另一种使这变得简单的方法是注册一个中间件，它简单地继承一个会话_查询已注册。如果事务尚未开始，可能会引发错误。

const parentSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    name: String,
    children: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: "Child" }],
});

const childSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    name: String,
    parent: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: "Parent" },
});

parentSchema.pre("remove", async function () {
    // Look how easy!! Just make sure to pass a transactional 
    // session to the removal
    await this.db
        .model("Child")
        .deleteMany({ _id: { $in: parent.children } })
        .session(this.$session());

    // // If you want to: throw an error/warning if you forgot to add a session
    // // and transaction
    // if(!this.$session() || !this.$session().inTransaction()) {
    //    throw new Error("HEY YOU FORGOT A TRANSACTION.");
    // }
});

// Assume `parent` is a parent document here
async function fullRemoveParent(parent) {
    db.transaction(async function(session) {
        await parent.remove({ session });
    });
}

风险和复杂的解决方案

这很有效，而且非常复杂。不建议。可能有一天会中断，因为它依赖于复杂的 mongoose API。我不知道我为什么要编码，请不要将其包含在您的项目中。

import mongoose from "mongoose";
import mongodb from "mongodb";

const parentSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    name: String,
    children: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: "Child" }],
});

const childSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    name: String,
    parent: { type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: "Parent" },
});

// Choose a transaction timeout
const TRANSACTION_TIMEOUT = 120000; // milliseconds

// No need for next() callback if using an async function.
parentSchema.pre("remove", async function () {
    // `this` refers to the document, not the query
    let session = this.$session();

    // Check if this op is already part of a session, and start one if not.
    if (!session) {
        // `this.db` refers to the documents's connection.
        session = await this.db.startSession();

        // Set the document's associated session.
        this.$session(session);

        // Note if you created the session, so post can clean it up.
        this.$locals.localSession = true;

        //
    }

    // Check if already in transaction.
    if (!session.inTransaction()) {
        await session.startTransaction();

        // Note if you created transaction.
        this.$locals.localTransaction = true;

        // If you want a timeout
        this.$locals.startTime = new Date();
    }

    // Let's assume that we need to remove all parent references in the
    // children. (just add session-associated ops to extend this)
    await this.db
        .model("Child") // Child model of this connection
        .updateMany(
            { _id: { $in: this.children } },
            { $unset: { parent: true } }
        )
        .session(session);
});

parentSchema.post("remove", async function (parent) {
    if (this.$locals.localTransaction) {
        // Here, there may be an error when we commit, so we need to check if it
        // is a 'retryable' error, then retry if so.
        try {
            await this.$session().commitTransaction();
        } catch (err) {
            if (
                err instanceof mongodb.MongoError &&
                err.hasErrorLabel("TransientTransactionError") &&
                new Date() - this.$locals.startTime < TRANSACTION_TIMEOUT
            ) {
                await parent.remove({ session: this.$session() });
            } else {
                throw err;
            }
        }
    }

    if (this.$locals.localSession) {
        await this.$session().endSession();
        this.$session(null);
    }
});

// Specific error handling middleware if its really time to abort (clean up
// the injections)
parentSchema.post("remove", async function (err, doc, next) {
    if (this.$locals.localTransaction) {
        await this.$session().abortTransaction();
    }

    if (this.$locals.localSession) {
        await this.$session().endSession();
        this.$session(null);
    }

    next(err);
});
于 2021-08-29T01:02:40.197 回答