sql-server - “Stuff and 'For Xml Path'”或 UNION 排除重复行

Question

这是问题的进一步进展：how to use "Stuff and 'For Xml Path'" to unity rows in table

我有 3 个表格 - 发票、职位和帐户，它们通过 SELECT 构建公共表格，如下面的结果所示。我需要排除由于相同发票的不同帐户而出现的重复行。我认为它可以通过“Stuff and 'For Xml Path'”和/或 UNION 来解决，但我真的不知道该怎么做。

请协助解决这个问题。先感谢您。

这是带有 DL 和样本数据填充的 dbfiddle：https ://dbfiddle.uk/?rdbms=sqlserver_2019&fiddle=6401c2886a24b21239dade27e8c549ec

使用基于 SQL Server 2016 的 DevExpress 仪表板设计器。

询问：

-- DDL and sample data population, start
CREATE TABLE invoices
(
invoice VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
id INT NOT NULL,
);
INSERT invoices(invoice, id) 
VALUES ('ty20210110', 1);
INSERT invoices(invoice, id) 
VALUES ('ty20210111', 2);
INSERT invoices(invoice, id) 
VALUES ('ty20210112', 3);

CREATE TABLE positions
(
position VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
quantity INT NOT NULL,
price INT NOT NULL,
summ INT NOT NULL, 
invoice INT NOT NULL,
);
INSERT positions(position, quantity, price, summ, invoice) 
VALUES ('p1000001', 2, 100, 200, 1);
INSERT positions(position, quantity, price, summ, invoice) 
VALUES ('p1000002', 3, 100, 300, 2);
INSERT positions(position, quantity, price, summ, invoice) 
VALUES ('p1000003', 1, 250, 250, 2);
INSERT positions(position, quantity, price, summ, invoice) 
VALUES ('p1000004', 2, 120, 240, 1);
INSERT positions(position, quantity, price, summ, invoice) 
VALUES ('p1000005', 4, 100, 400, 1);
INSERT positions(position, quantity, price, summ, invoice) 
VALUES ('p1000006', 3, 100, 300, 1001);
INSERT positions(position, quantity, price, summ, invoice) 
VALUES ('p1000007', 5, 80, 400, 3);
INSERT positions(position, quantity, price, summ, invoice) 
VALUES ('p1000008', 5, 100, 500, 3);

CREATE TABLE accounts
(
account INT NOT NULL,
invoice INT NOT NULL,
);
INSERT accounts(account, invoice) 
VALUES (01, 2);
INSERT accounts(account, invoice) 
VALUES (02, 2);
INSERT accounts(account, invoice) 
VALUES (03, 1);
INSERT accounts(account, invoice) 
VALUES (04, 3);
INSERT accounts(account, invoice) 
VALUES (05, 1);
INSERT accounts(account, invoice) 
VALUES (06, 3);
-- DDL and sample data population, end


SELECT
positions.position, positions.quantity, positions.price, positions.summ,
invoices.invoice,
accounts.account

FROM
positions
INNER JOIN
invoices invoices ON invoices.id = positions.invoice
INNER JOIN
accounts accounts ON invoices.id = accounts.invoice

结果：

位置	数量	价格	总和	发票	帐户
p1000001	2	100	200	在20210110	3
p1000001	2	100	200	在20210110	5
p1000002	3	100	300	在20210111	1
p1000002	3	100	300	在20210111	2
p1000003	1	250	250	在20210111	1
p1000003	1	250	250	在20210111	2
p1000004	2	120	240	在20210110	3
p1000004	2	120	240	在20210110	5
p1000005	4	100	400	在20210110	3
p1000005	4	100	400	在20210110	5
p1000006	3	100	300	在20210110	3
p1000006	3	100	300	在20210110	5
p1000007	5	80	400	在20210112	4
p1000007	5	80	400	在20210112	6
p1000008	5	100	500	在20210112	4
p1000008	5	100	500	在20210112	6

所需结果 1：

位置	数量	价格	总和	发票	帐户
p1000001	2	100	200	在20210110	3、5
p1000004	2	120	240	在20210110	3、5
p1000005	4	100	400	在20210110	3、5
p1000006	3	100	300	在20210110	3、5
p1000002	3	100	300	在20210111	1, 2
p1000003	1	250	250	在20210111	1, 2
p1000007	5	80	400	在20210112	4、6
p1000008	5	100	500	在20210112	4、6

所需结果 2：

位置	数量	价格	总和	发票	账户 1	账户 2
p1000001	2	100	200	在20210110	3	5
p1000004	2	120	240	在20210110	3	5
p1000005	4	100	400	在20210110	3	5
p1000006	3	100	300	在20210110	3	5
p1000002	3	100	300	在20210111	1	2
p1000003	1	250	250	在20210111	1	2
p1000007	5	80	400	在20210112	4	6
p1000008	5	100	500	在20210112	4	6

score 1 · Accepted Answer

您的第一个结果集可以通过两种方式处理，具体取决于您的 SQL Server 版本。在 SSMS 中尝试以下示例：

创建数据

DECLARE @invoices table (
    invoice VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, id INT NOT NULL 
);

INSERT INTO @invoices (invoice, id) VALUES 
    ( 'ty20210110', 1 ), ( 'ty20210111', 2 ), ( 'ty20210112', 3 );

DECLARE @positions table (
    position VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, quantity INT NOT NULL, price INT NOT NULL, summ INT NOT NULL, invoice INT NOT NULL
);

INSERT INTO @positions ( position, quantity, price, summ, invoice ) VALUES
    ( 'p1000001', 2, 100, 200, 1 ),
    ( 'p1000002', 3, 100, 300, 2 ),
    ( 'p1000003', 1, 250, 250, 2 ),
    ( 'p1000004', 2, 120, 240, 1 ),
    ( 'p1000005', 4, 100, 400, 1 ),
    ( 'p1000006', 3, 100, 300, 1 ),
    ( 'p1000007', 5, 80, 400, 3 ),
    ( 'p1000008', 5, 100, 500, 3 );

DECLARE @accounts table (
    account INT NOT NULL, invoice INT NOT NULL
);

INSERT INTO @accounts ( account, invoice ) VALUES 
    ( 1, 2 ), ( 2, 2 ), ( 3, 1 ), ( 4, 3 ), ( 5, 1 ), ( 6, 3 );

如果您使用的是 SQL Server 2017+

SELECT
    positions.position,
    positions.quantity,
    positions.price,
    positions.summ,
    invoices.invoice,
    STRING_AGG ( accounts.account, ',' ) AS account
FROM @positions positions
INNER JOIN @invoices invoices 
    ON invoices.id = positions.invoice
INNER JOIN @accounts accounts 
    ON invoices.id = accounts.invoice
GROUP BY
    position, quantity, price, summ, invoices.invoice
ORDER BY
    invoice;

对于 SQL Server 2017 之前的版本

SELECT
    positions.position,
    positions.quantity,
    positions.price,
    positions.summ,
    invoices.invoice,
    acct.account
FROM @positions positions
INNER JOIN @invoices invoices 
    ON invoices.id = positions.invoice
INNER JOIN @accounts accounts 
    ON invoices.id = accounts.invoice
OUTER APPLY (
    SELECT STUFF ( (
        SELECT ',' + CAST ( a.account AS varchar(50) ) AS "text()"
        FROM @accounts a
        WHERE
            a.invoice = invoices.id
        FOR XML PATH ( '' )
    ), 1, 1, '' ) AS account
) AS acct
GROUP BY
    position, quantity, price, summ, invoices.invoice, acct.account
ORDER BY
    invoice;

两个查询都返回

+----------+----------+-------+------+------------+---------+
| position | quantity | price | summ |  invoice   | account |
+----------+----------+-------+------+------------+---------+
| p1000001 |        2 |   100 |  200 | ty20210110 | 3,5     |
| p1000004 |        2 |   120 |  240 | ty20210110 | 3,5     |
| p1000005 |        4 |   100 |  400 | ty20210110 | 3,5     |
| p1000006 |        3 |   100 |  300 | ty20210110 | 3,5     |
| p1000002 |        3 |   100 |  300 | ty20210111 | 1,2     |
| p1000003 |        1 |   250 |  250 | ty20210111 | 1,2     |
| p1000007 |        5 |    80 |  400 | ty20210112 | 4,6     |
| p1000008 |        5 |   100 |  500 | ty20210112 | 4,6     |
+----------+----------+-------+------+------------+---------+

您请求的第二个结果集变得相当复杂，并且需要使用 XML 数据类型。以下示例对您的数据进行了自由假设，最值得注意的是，预计只有两个帐户。话虽如此，您可以根据需要扩展[account n]列，PIVOT而不必求助于动态 SQL。

SELECT DISTINCT
    positions.position,
    positions.quantity,
    positions.price,
    positions.summ,
    invoices.invoice
    , x.*
FROM @positions positions
INNER JOIN @invoices invoices 
    ON invoices.id = positions.invoice
INNER JOIN @accounts accounts 
    ON invoices.id = accounts.invoice
OUTER APPLY (

    -- Create an XML account list --
    SELECT CAST ( (
        SELECT 
            'account ' + CAST ( ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY a.invoice ) AS varchar(50) ) AS id,
            a.account
        FROM @accounts a
        WHERE
            a.invoice = invoices.id
        FOR XML PATH ( 'data' ), ROOT ( 'accounts' )
    ) AS xml ) AS account_xml

) AS acct
OUTER APPLY (

    -- PIVOT the account details --
    SELECT
        *
    FROM (
        SELECT
            x.f.value( 'id[1]', 'varchar(50)' ) AS id,
            x.f.value( 'account[1]', 'varchar(50)' ) AS act
        FROM acct.account_xml.nodes( '//accounts/data' ) x(f)
    ) AS d
    PIVOT (
        MAX ( act ) FOR id IN ( [account 1], [account 2] )
    ) AS p

) AS x
ORDER BY
    invoice;

退货

+----------+----------+-------+------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| position | quantity | price | summ |  invoice   | account 1 | account 2 |
+----------+----------+-------+------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| p1000001 |        2 |   100 |  200 | ty20210110 |         3 |         5 |
| p1000004 |        2 |   120 |  240 | ty20210110 |         3 |         5 |
| p1000005 |        4 |   100 |  400 | ty20210110 |         3 |         5 |
| p1000006 |        3 |   100 |  300 | ty20210110 |         3 |         5 |
| p1000002 |        3 |   100 |  300 | ty20210111 |         1 |         2 |
| p1000003 |        1 |   250 |  250 | ty20210111 |         1 |         2 |
| p1000007 |        5 |    80 |  400 | ty20210112 |         4 |         6 |
| p1000008 |        5 |   100 |  500 | ty20210112 |         4 |         6 |
+----------+----------+-------+------+------------+-----------+-----------+

sql-server - “Stuff and 'For Xml Path'”或 UNION 排除重复行

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