任何人都知道一种简单的方法来获取一周中第一天的日期(欧洲的星期一)。我知道年份和周数吗?我将在 C# 中执行此操作。
25 回答
我对@HenkHolterman 的解决方案有疑问,即使是@RobinAndersson 的修复。
阅读 ISO 8601 标准很好地解决了这个问题。使用第一个星期四作为目标,而不是星期一。下面的代码也适用于 2009 年的第 53 周。
public static DateTime FirstDateOfWeekISO8601(int year, int weekOfYear)
{
DateTime jan1 = new DateTime(year, 1, 1);
int daysOffset = DayOfWeek.Thursday - jan1.DayOfWeek;
// Use first Thursday in January to get first week of the year as
// it will never be in Week 52/53
DateTime firstThursday = jan1.AddDays(daysOffset);
var cal = CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Calendar;
int firstWeek = cal.GetWeekOfYear(firstThursday, CalendarWeekRule.FirstFourDayWeek, DayOfWeek.Monday);
var weekNum = weekOfYear;
// As we're adding days to a date in Week 1,
// we need to subtract 1 in order to get the right date for week #1
if (firstWeek == 1)
{
weekNum -= 1;
}
// Using the first Thursday as starting week ensures that we are starting in the right year
// then we add number of weeks multiplied with days
var result = firstThursday.AddDays(weekNum * 7);
// Subtract 3 days from Thursday to get Monday, which is the first weekday in ISO8601
return result.AddDays(-3);
}
笔记
下面的答案使用 .NET 日历规则。它不承诺符合 ISO8601。当您需要时,请在此处查看其他一些答案。周编号是一团糟,总是试着找出你需要首先遵循的规则。
下面的代码正确地将 2009 年第 1 周的开始时间设置为 29-12-2008。CalendarWeekRule 可能应该是一个参数。
请注意,weekNum 应该 >= 1
static DateTime FirstDateOfWeek(int year, int weekNum, CalendarWeekRule rule)
{
Debug.Assert(weekNum >= 1);
DateTime jan1 = new DateTime(year, 1, 1);
int daysOffset = DayOfWeek.Monday - jan1.DayOfWeek;
DateTime firstMonday = jan1.AddDays(daysOffset);
Debug.Assert(firstMonday.DayOfWeek == DayOfWeek.Monday);
var cal = CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Calendar;
int firstWeek = cal.GetWeekOfYear(firstMonday, rule, DayOfWeek.Monday);
if (firstWeek <= 1)
{
weekNum -= 1;
}
DateTime result = firstMonday.AddDays(weekNum * 7);
return result;
}
我喜欢 Henk Holterman 提供的解决方案。但是要更加独立于文化,您必须获得当前文化的一周的第一天(并不总是星期一):
using System.Globalization;
static DateTime FirstDateOfWeek(int year, int weekOfYear)
{
DateTime jan1 = new DateTime(year, 1, 1);
int daysOffset = (int)CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.DateTimeFormat.FirstDayOfWeek - (int)jan1.DayOfWeek;
DateTime firstMonday = jan1.AddDays(daysOffset);
int firstWeek = CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Calendar.GetWeekOfYear(jan1, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.DateTimeFormat.CalendarWeekRule, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.DateTimeFormat.FirstDayOfWeek);
if (firstWeek <= 1)
{
weekOfYear -= 1;
}
return firstMonday.AddDays(weekOfYear * 7);
}
最简单的方法可能是找到一年中的第一个星期一,然后添加相关的周数。这是一些示例代码。顺便说一下,它假设从 1 开始的周数:
using System;
class Test
{
static void Main()
{
// Show the third Tuesday in 2009. Should be January 20th
Console.WriteLine(YearWeekDayToDateTime(2009, DayOfWeek.Tuesday, 3));
}
static DateTime YearWeekDayToDateTime(int year, DayOfWeek day, int week)
{
DateTime startOfYear = new DateTime (year, 1, 1);
// The +7 and %7 stuff is to avoid negative numbers etc.
int daysToFirstCorrectDay = (((int)day - (int)startOfYear.DayOfWeek) + 7) % 7;
return startOfYear.AddDays(7 * (week-1) + daysToFirstCorrectDay);
}
}
就我个人而言,我会利用文化信息来获取一周中的某一天并循环到该文化的一周的第一天。我不确定我是否解释得当,这里有一个例子:
public DateTime GetFirstDayOfWeek(int year, int weekNumber)
{
return GetFirstDayOfWeek(year, weekNumber, Application.CurrentCulture);
}
public DateTime GetFirstDayOfWeek(int year, int weekNumber,
System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
System.Globalization.Calendar calendar = culture.Calendar;
DateTime firstOfYear = new DateTime(year, 1, 1, calendar);
DateTime targetDay = calendar.AddWeeks(firstOfYear, weekNumber);
DayOfWeek firstDayOfWeek = culture.DateTimeFormat.FirstDayOfWeek;
while (targetDay.DayOfWeek != firstDayOfWeek)
{
targetDay = targetDay.AddDays(-1);
}
return targetDay;
}
使用流畅的日期时间 http://fluentdatetime.codeplex.com/
var year = 2009;
var firstDayOfYear = new DateTime(year, 1, 1);
var firstMonday = firstDayOfYear.Next(DayOfWeek.Monday);
var weeksDateTime = 12.Weeks().Since(firstMonday);
这是一种与 Google Analytics 的周数兼容的方法,也是我们在英特尔内部使用的相同编号方案,我敢肯定它也用于许多其他情况。
// Google Analytics does not follow ISO standards for date.
// It numbers week 1 starting on Jan. 1, regardless what day of week it starts on.
// It treats Sunday as the first day of the week.
// The first and last weeks of a year are usually not complete weeks.
public static DateTime GetStartDateTimeFromWeekNumberInYear(int year, uint weekOfYear)
{
if (weekOfYear == 0 || weekOfYear > 54) throw new ArgumentException("Week number must be between 1 and 54! (Yes, 54... Year 2000 had Jan. 1 on a Saturday plus 53 Sundays.)");
// January 1 -- first week.
DateTime firstDayInWeek = new DateTime(year, 1, 1);
if (weekOfYear == 1) return firstDayInWeek;
// Get second week, starting on the following Sunday.
do
{
firstDayInWeek = firstDayInWeek.AddDays(1);
} while (firstDayInWeek.DayOfWeek != DayOfWeek.Sunday);
if (weekOfYear == 2) return firstDayInWeek;
// Now get the Sunday of whichever week we're looking for.
return firstDayInWeek.AddDays((weekOfYear - 2)*7);
}
稍微更改了 Mikael Svenson 代码。我找到了第一个星期一的星期并适当地更改了星期数。
DateTime GetFirstWeekDay(int year, int weekNum)
{
Calendar calendar = CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Calendar;
DateTime jan1 = new DateTime(year, 1, 1);
int daysOffset = DayOfWeek.Monday - jan1.DayOfWeek;
DateTime firstMonday = jan1.AddDays(daysOffset);
int firstMondayWeekNum = calendar.GetWeekOfYear(firstMonday, CalendarWeekRule.FirstFourDayWeek, DayOfWeek.Monday);
DateTime firstWeekDay = firstMonday.AddDays((weekNum-firstMondayWeekNum) * 7);
return firstWeekDay;
}
根据在瑞典使用的 ISO 8601:1988,一年中的第一周是新年中至少有四天的第一周。
因此,如果您的一周从星期一开始,那么任何一年的第一个星期四都在第一周内。您可以从中获取 DateAdd 或 DateDiff 。
假设周数从 1 开始
DateTime dt = new DateTime(YearNumber, 1, 1).AddDays((WeekNumber - 1) * 7 - (WeekNumber == 1 ? 0 : 1));
return dt.AddDays(-(int)dt.DayOfWeek);
这应该给你任何给定一周的第一天。我没有对其进行大量测试,但看起来它有效。它比我在网上找到的大多数其他解决方案都要小,所以想分享。
我尝试了上面的一些代码,有些有小错误,当你尝试不同年份的不同开始日期时,你会看到它们,我采用了 Jon Skeet 的代码,修复它并且它可以工作,非常简单的代码。
Public Function YearWeekDayToDateTime(ByVal year As Integer, ByVal weekDay As Integer, ByVal week As Integer) As DateTime
' weekDay, day you want
Dim startOfYear As New DateTime(year, 1, 1)
Dim startOfYearFixDay As Integer
If startOfYear.DayOfWeek <> DayOfWeek.Sunday Then
startOfYearFixDay = startOfYear.DayOfWeek
Else
startOfYearFixDay = 7
End If
Return startOfYear.AddDays((7 * (week)) - startOfYearFixDay + weekDay)
End Function
这对我有用,它还具有期望文化信息作为参数来测试具有不同文化的公式的优势。如果为空,则获取当前的文化信息...有效值如:“it”、“en-us”、“fr”、...等等。诀窍是减去一年中第一天的周数,这可能是 1 表示第一天在第一周内。希望这可以帮助。
Public Shared Function FirstDayOfWeek(ByVal year As Integer, ByVal weekNumber As Integer, ByVal culture As String) As Date
Dim cInfo As System.Globalization.CultureInfo
If culture = "" Then
cInfo = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CurrentCulture
Else
cInfo = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture(culture)
End If
Dim calendar As System.Globalization.Calendar = cInfo.Calendar
Dim firstOfYear As DateTime = New DateTime(year, 1, 1, calendar)
Dim firstDayWeek As Integer = calendar.GetWeekOfYear(firstOfYear, cInfo.DateTimeFormat.CalendarWeekRule, cInfo.DateTimeFormat.FirstDayOfWeek)
weekNumber -= firstDayWeek
Dim targetDay As DateTime = calendar.AddWeeks(firstOfYear, weekNumber)
Dim fDayOfWeek As DayOfWeek = cInfo.DateTimeFormat.FirstDayOfWeek
While (targetDay.DayOfWeek <> fDayOfWeek)
targetDay = targetDay.AddDays(-1)
End While
Return targetDay
End Function
我简化了 Mikael Svensson 提供的代码,这对于欧洲的许多国家都是正确的。
public static DateTime FirstDateOfWeekIso8601(int year, int week)
{
var firstThursdayOfYear = new DateTime(year, 1, 1);
while (firstThursdayOfYear.DayOfWeek != DayOfWeek.Thursday)
{
firstThursdayOfYear = firstThursdayOfYear.AddDays(1);
}
var startDateOfWeekOne = firstThursdayOfYear.AddDays(-(DayOfWeek.Thursday - DayOfWeek.Monday));
return startDateOfWeekOne.AddDays(7 * (week - 1));
}
第 1 周定义为从星期一开始并包含一年中的第一个星期四的那一周。
要双向转换,请参见此处:关于 ISO 周日期的维基百科文章
我通过覆盖对 Thomas 的解决方案进行了一些改进:
public static DateTime FirstDateOfWeek(int year, int weekOfYear)
{
return Timer.FirstDateOfWeekOfMonth(year, 1, weekOfYear);
}
public static DateTime FirstDateOfWeekOfMonth(int year, int month,
int weekOfYear)
{
DateTime dtFirstDayOfMonth = new DateTime(year, month, 1);
//I also commented out this part:
/*
if (firstWeek <= 1)
{
weekOfYear -= 1;
}
*/
否则日期提前一周..
谢谢托马斯,帮助很大。
我使用了其中一个解决方案,但它给了我错误的结果,仅仅是因为它将星期日视为一周的第一天。
我变了:
var firstDay = new DateTime(DateTime.Now.Year, 1, 1).AddDays((weekNumber - 1) * 7);
var lastDay = firstDay.AddDays(6);
到:
var lastDay = new DateTime(DateTime.Now.Year, 1, 1).AddDays((weekNumber) * 7);
var firstDay = lastDay.AddDays(-6);
现在它作为一种魅力发挥作用。
建议的解决方案并不完整 - 它仅适用于 CalendarWeekRule.FirstFullWeek。其他类型的周规则不起作用。使用此测试用例可以看出这一点:
foreach (CalendarWeekRule rule in Enum.GetValues(typeof(CalendarWeekRule)))
{
for (int year = 1900; year < 2000; year++)
{
DateTime date = FirstDateOfWeek(year, 1, rule);
Assert(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Calendar.GetWeekOfYear(date, rule, DayOfWeek.Monday) == 1);
Assert(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Calendar.GetWeekOfYear(date.AddDays(-1), rule, DayOfWeek.Monday) != 1);
}
}
我已经提出了一个更简单的建议解决方案的改进版本,并且对 firstDayOfWeek 进行了参数化:
public static DateTime GetFirstDayOfWeek(int year, int week, DayOfWeek firstDayOfWeek)
{
return GetWeek1Day1(year, firstDayOfWeek).AddDays(7 * (week - 1));
}
public static DateTime GetWeek1Day1(int year, DayOfWeek firstDayOfWeek)
{
DateTime date = new DateTime(year, 1, 1);
// Move towards firstDayOfWeek
date = date.AddDays(firstDayOfWeek - date.DayOfWeek);
// Either 1 or 52 or 53
int weekOfYear = CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Calendar.GetWeekOfYear(date, CalendarWeekRule.FirstFullWeek, firstDayOfWeek);
// Move forwards 1 week if week is 52 or 53
date = date.AddDays(7 * System.Math.Sign(weekOfYear - 1));
return date;
}
当我们想要计算给定年份、星期数和星期几的日期时,这是我的解决方案。
int Year = 2014;
int Week = 48;
int DayOfWeek = 4;
DateTime FecIni = new DateTime(Year, 1, 1);
FecIni = FecIni.AddDays(7 * (Week - 1));
if ((int)FecIni.DayOfWeek > DayOfWeek)
{
while ((int)FecIni.DayOfWeek != DayOfWeek) FecIni = FecIni.AddDays(-1);
}
else
{
while ((int)FecIni.DayOfWeek != DayOfWeek) FecIni = FecIni.AddDays(1);
}
我已经编写并测试了以下代码,并且对我来说工作得很好。如果有人遇到此问题,请告诉我,我也发布了一个问题,以获得最佳答案。有人可能会发现它很有用。
public static DateTime GetFirstDateOfWeekByWeekNumber(int year, int weekNumber)
{
var date = new DateTime(year, 01, 01);
var firstDayOfYear = date.DayOfWeek;
var result = date.AddDays(weekNumber * 7);
if (firstDayOfYear == DayOfWeek.Monday)
return result.Date;
if (firstDayOfYear == DayOfWeek.Tuesday)
return result.AddDays(-1).Date;
if (firstDayOfYear == DayOfWeek.Wednesday)
return result.AddDays(-2).Date;
if (firstDayOfYear == DayOfWeek.Thursday)
return result.AddDays(-3).Date;
if (firstDayOfYear == DayOfWeek.Friday)
return result.AddDays(-4).Date;
if (firstDayOfYear == DayOfWeek.Saturday)
return result.AddDays(-5).Date;
return result.AddDays(-6).Date;
}
目前,没有正确处理 ISO 8601week 数字的 C# 类。即使您可以实例化一种文化,寻找最接近的东西并纠正它,我认为最好自己进行完整的计算:
/// <summary>
/// Converts a date to a week number.
/// ISO 8601 week 1 is the week that contains the first Thursday that year.
/// </summary>
public static int ToIso8601Weeknumber(this DateTime date)
{
var thursday = date.AddDays(3 - date.DayOfWeek.DayOffset());
return (thursday.DayOfYear - 1) / 7 + 1;
}
/// <summary>
/// Converts a week number to a date.
/// Note: Week 1 of a year may start in the previous year.
/// ISO 8601 week 1 is the week that contains the first Thursday that year, so
/// if December 28 is a Monday, December 31 is a Thursday,
/// and week 1 starts January 4.
/// If December 28 is a later day in the week, week 1 starts earlier.
/// If December 28 is a Sunday, it is in the same week as Thursday January 1.
/// </summary>
public static DateTime FromIso8601Weeknumber(int weekNumber, int? year = null, DayOfWeek day = DayOfWeek.Monday)
{
var dec28 = new DateTime((year ?? DateTime.Today.Year) - 1, 12, 28);
var monday = dec28.AddDays(7 * weekNumber - dec28.DayOfWeek.DayOffset());
return monday.AddDays(day.DayOffset());
}
/// <summary>
/// Iso8601 weeks start on Monday. This returns 0 for Monday.
/// </summary>
private static int DayOffset(this DayOfWeek weekDay)
{
return ((int)weekDay + 6) % 7;
}
我发现的最大问题之一是从周转换为日期,然后从日期转换为周。
主要问题是当试图从属于上一年的一周的日期获取正确的周年时。幸运System.Globalization.ISOWeek.GetYear
地处理了这个。
这是我的解决方案:
public class WeekOfYear
{
public static (int Year, int Week) DateToWeekOfYear(DateTime date) =>
(ISOWeek.GetYear(date), ISOWeek.GetWeekOfYear(date));
public static bool ValidYearAndWeek(int year, int week) =>
year >= 1 && year <= 9999 && week >= 1 && week <= 53 // bounds of year/week
&& !(year <= 1 && week <= 1) && !(year >= 9999 && week >= 53); // bounds of DateTime
public int Year { get; }
public int Week { get; }
public virtual DateTime StartOfWeek { get; protected set; }
public virtual DateTime EndOfWeek { get; protected set; }
public virtual IEnumerable<DateTime> DaysInWeek =>
Enumerable.Range(1, 10).Select(i => StartOfWeek.AddDays(i));
public WeekOfYear(int year, int week)
{
if (!ValidYearAndWeek(year, week))
throw new ArgumentException($"DateTime can't represent {week} of year {year}.");
Year = year;
Week = week;
StartOfWeek = ISOWeek.ToDateTime(year, week, DayOfWeek.Monday);
EndOfWeek = ISOWeek.ToDateTime(year, week, DayOfWeek.Sunday).AddDays(1).AddTicks(-1);
}
public WeekOfYear((int Year, int Week) week) : this(week.Year, week.Week) { }
public WeekOfYear(DateTime date) : this(DateToWeekOfYear(date)) { }
}
第二大问题是美国偏好从周日开始的几周。
我WeekOfYear
从上面提出了子类的解决方案,并管理构造函数中的偏移量(将周转换为日期)和DateToWeekOfYear
(从日期转换为周)。
public class UsWeekOfYear : WeekOfYear
{
public static new (int Year, int Week) DateToWeekOfYear(DateTime date)
{
// if date is a sunday, return the next week
if (date.DayOfWeek == DayOfWeek.Sunday) date = date.AddDays(1);
return WeekOfYear.DateToWeekOfYear(date);
}
public UsWeekOfYear(int year, int week) : base(year, week)
{
StartOfWeek = ISOWeek.ToDateTime(year, week, DayOfWeek.Monday).AddDays(-1);
EndOfWeek = ISOWeek.ToDateTime(year, week, DayOfWeek.Sunday).AddTicks(-1);
}
public UsWeekOfYear((int Year, int Week) week) : this(week.Year, week.Week) { }
public UsWeekOfYear(DateTime date) : this(DateToWeekOfYear(date)) { }
}
这是一些测试代码:
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("== Last Week / First Week");
Log(new WeekOfYear(2020, 53));
Log(new UsWeekOfYear(2020, 53));
Log(new WeekOfYear(2021, 1));
Log(new UsWeekOfYear(2021, 1));
Console.WriteLine("\n== Year Crossover (iso)");
var start = new DateTime(2020, 12, 26);
var i = 0;
Log(start.AddDays(i), new WeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2020-12-26 - Sat
Log(start.AddDays(i), new WeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2020-12-27 - Sun
Log(start.AddDays(i), new WeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2020-12-28 - Mon
Log(start.AddDays(i), new WeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2020-12-29 - Tue
Log(start.AddDays(i), new WeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2020-12-30 - Wed
Log(start.AddDays(i), new WeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2020-12-30 - Thu
Log(start.AddDays(i), new WeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2021-01-01 - Fri
Log(start.AddDays(i), new WeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2021-01-02 - Sat
Log(start.AddDays(i), new WeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2021-01-03 - Sun
Log(start.AddDays(i), new WeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2021-01-04 - Mon
Log(start.AddDays(i), new WeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2021-01-05 - Tue
Log(start.AddDays(i), new WeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2021-01-06 - Wed
Console.WriteLine("\n== Year Crossover (us)");
i = 0;
Log(start.AddDays(i), new UsWeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2020-12-26 - Sat
Log(start.AddDays(i), new UsWeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2020-12-27 - Sun
Log(start.AddDays(i), new UsWeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2020-12-28 - Mon
Log(start.AddDays(i), new UsWeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2020-12-29 - Tue
Log(start.AddDays(i), new UsWeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2020-12-30 - Wed
Log(start.AddDays(i), new UsWeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2020-12-30 - Thu
Log(start.AddDays(i), new UsWeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2021-01-01 - Fri
Log(start.AddDays(i), new UsWeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2021-01-02 - Sat
Log(start.AddDays(i), new UsWeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2021-01-03 - Sun
Log(start.AddDays(i), new UsWeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2021-01-04 - Mon
Log(start.AddDays(i), new UsWeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2021-01-05 - Tue
Log(start.AddDays(i), new UsWeekOfYear(start.AddDays(i++))); // 2021-01-06 - Wed
var x = new UsWeekOfYear(2020, 53) as WeekOfYear;
}
public static void Log(WeekOfYear week)
{
Console.WriteLine($"{week} - {week.StartOfWeek:yyyy-MM-dd} ({week.StartOfWeek:ddd}) - {week.EndOfWeek:yyyy-MM-dd} ({week.EndOfWeek:ddd})");
}
public static void Log(DateTime date, WeekOfYear week)
{
Console.WriteLine($"{date:yyyy-MM-dd (ddd)} - {week} - {week.StartOfWeek:yyyy-MM-dd (ddd)} - {week.EndOfWeek:yyyy-MM-dd (ddd)}");
}