12

我一直在尝试在运行 Big Sur 的计算机(带有 M1 的 Macbook Pro 2020)上安装 rails 项目。

我安装了 PostgresApp。

运行bundle install时它无法构建pggem,所以我尝试手动安装 gem(通过做gem install pg- 也尝试过gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/10/bin/pg_config)。

我收到一条错误消息:

ERROR:  Error installing pg:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

Can't find the PostgreSQL client library (libpq)
*** extconf.rb failed ***

检查错误日志时,我看到:

have_library: checking for PQconnectdb() in -lpq... -------------------- no

ld: warning: ignoring file /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/13/lib/libpq.dylib, building for macOS-arm64 but attempting to link with file built for macOS-x86_64
Undefined symbols for architecture arm64:
  "_PQconnectdb", referenced from:
      _t in conftest-db479f.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture arm64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
checked program was:
/* begin */
 1: #include "ruby.h"
 2:
 3: #include <libpq-fe.h>
 4:
 5: /*top*/
 6: extern int t(void);
 7: int main(int argc, char **argv)
 8: {
 9:   if (argc > 1000000) {
10:     printf("%p", &t);
11:   }
12:
13:   return 0;
14: }
15: int t(void) { void ((*volatile p)()); p = (void ((*)()))PQconnectdb; return !p; }
/* end */

知道如何解决这个问题吗?

4

3 回答 3

18

对于那些只是尝试安装 pg gem 并且不关心 PostgresApp 的人,在 M1 上修复 pg 的关键是确保libpq. 这些步骤允许我在我的 M1 mac 上安装 pg gem,而无需使用 x86 版本或构建标志:

brew install libpq
export PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/libpq/bin:$PATH"
gem install pg
于 2021-12-11T16:37:25.307 回答
5

我在 M1 + ruby​​ pg gem 上遇到了同样的问题。问题是我的系统上混合了 ARM + x86 二进制文件,pg显然目前只能用 x86 编译。仅供参考,在其 github 存储库中报告了新问题,因此希望它会很快在这里得到解决

我的工作:

  1. 卸载基于 ARM 的 homebrew + rbenv 并从你的主目录中删除你的.gem+.rbenv目录(自制卸载说明

  2. 将自制软件重新安装为基于 x86 英特尔的

$ arch -x86_64 /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"
  1. 将 rbenv 安装为 x86(或任何您喜欢的 ruby​​ 版本管理器)
$ arch -x86_64 brew install rbenv
$ arch -x86_64 rbenv install 2.7.2
  1. (可选)对于 postgres.app,您可以预先配置 pg-config 所在的位置,这样您就不必在它阻塞时运行手动 gem 安装。例如
$ bundle config build.pg- --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/latest/bin/pg_config
  1. 重新捆绑您的项目并在 Rosetta 2 上享受 ruby​​(目前)
$ bundle install
$ rails s
于 2021-01-25T15:58:32.170 回答
3

brew PostgreSQL 遇到了同样的问题,但我在 macOS M1(12 Monterey) 上使用 Ruby 2.7 成功安装了 pg gem,我同时安装了 x86 和 arm64 brew。由于pg必须用x86 libpq编译,所以我用x86 brew安装了libpq


❯ which brow
brow: aliased to arch --x86_64 /usr/local/Homebrew/bin/brew

❯ brow install libpq

❯ brew install PostgreSQL # Install arm64 PostgreSQL 
❯ brew services start postgresql
❯ ps -ef | grep postgresql
  501 23655     1   0  2:29PM ??         0:00.10 /opt/homebrew/opt/postgresql/bin/postgres -D /opt/homebrew/var/postgres

❯ which brew
/opt/homebrew/bin/brew
❯ brew -v
Homebrew 3.3.2-50-geca16a2
Homebrew/homebrew-core (git revision ec99d74792c; last commit 2021-11-05)
Homebrew/homebrew-cask (git revision 2ab51af9c3; last commit 2021-11-05)

然后我可以安装 pg gem

❯ ruby -v
ruby 2.7.1p83 (2020-03-31 revision a0c7c23c9c) [x86_64-darwin19]

❯ gem install pg -v 1.2.3 -- --with-pq-dir=/usr/local/Cellar/libpq/13.3
Building native extensions with: '--with-pq-dir=/usr/local/Cellar/libpq/13.3'
This could take a while...
Successfully installed pg-1.2.3
Parsing documentation for pg-1.2.3
Done installing documentation for pg after 0 seconds

但是 Ruby 2.6 失败了,我不知道为什么

gem install pg -v 1.2.3 -- --with-pq-dir=/usr/local/Cellar/libpq/13.3
Building native extensions with: '--with-pq-dir=/usr/local/Cellar/libpq/13.3'
This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /Users/felix/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.6/gems/pg-1.2.3/ext
/Users/felix/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.6.6/bin/ruby -I /Users/felix/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.6.6/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.6.0 -r ./siteconf20211105-41969-1oxcuyy.rb extconf.rb --with-pq-dir\=/usr/local/Cellar/libpq/13.3
checking for pg_config... yes
Using config values from /opt/homebrew/bin/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... yes
checking for libpq/libpq-fs.h... yes
checking for pg_config_manual.h... yes
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -llibpq... no
checking for PQconnectdb() in -lms/libpq... no
Can't find the PostgreSQL client library (libpq)

更新 2021-11-06

也使用 Ruby 2.6 成功安装了 pg。

  1. 首先安装x86 postgresql
# build Postgresql from source, as 
# Error: postgresql: no bottle available! 
# You can try to install from source with:  
# brew install --build-from-source postgresql


brow install --build-from-source postgresql

  1. 安装带有前缀的 pg gem
gem install pg -v 1.2.3 -- --with-pg_config=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/13.3/bin/pg_config --with-pq-dir=/usr/local/Cellar/libpq/13.3 
于 2021-11-05T08:42:45.907 回答