There's no portable way of waiting for a certain amount of time under CP/M 2.2. CP/M doesn't require or use a real time clock or any kind of timer, and so you can't even assume one is present in the system, let alone that it uses any kind of common interface.
Turbo Pascal's Delay function worked by assuming a certain CPU frequency, one that was configured when Turbo Pascal was installed. The CP/M game Ladder was written in Turbo Pascal and used its Delay function, so it also assumed a certain CPU frequency. If you played on a faster or slower CPU the game would play faster or slower than intended.
The simplest solution would be to implement your own delay function that assumed a certain CPU frequency. I believe 4 MHz was the most common Z80 speed for CP/M. You can make this a configurable option so users can change the assumed CPU speed. You're probably also going to want to give users the option of changing the terminal type, just like Ladder did, as there are many possible terminals that can be used with CP/M.