-1

-race我在使用flag进行测试时发现了数据竞争。更新结构并从结构方法读取值时发生数据竞争。后来我发现将方法从非指针接收器更改为指针接收器可以解决数据竞争。但我不明白原因。谁能解释原因?

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "testing"
)

type TestStruct struct {
    display    bool
    OtherValue int
}

func (t TestStruct) Display() bool {
    return t.display
}

func (t *TestStruct) DisplayP() bool {
    return t.display
}

func TestNonPointerRecevier(t *testing.T) {
    v := &TestStruct{
        display: true,
    }

    go func() {
        v.OtherValue = 1
    }()
    go func() {
        fmt.Println(v.Display())
    }()
}

func TestPointerRecevier(t *testing.T) {
    v := &TestStruct{
        display: true,
    }

    go func() {
        v.OtherValue = 1
    }()
    go func() {
        fmt.Println(v.DisplayP())
    }()
}

使用指针接收器方法,您没有错误

go test -race -run ^TestPointerRecevier$
true
PASS
ok      _/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace  0.254s

使用非指针接收器方法时出现此错误

go test -race -run ^TestNonPointerRecevier$
==================
WARNING: DATA RACE
Read at 0x00c00001c2c8 by goroutine 9:
  _/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace.TestNonPointerRecevier.func2()
      /Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace/main_test.go:30 +0x47

Previous write at 0x00c00001c2c8 by goroutine 8:
  _/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace.TestNonPointerRecevier.func1()
      /Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace/main_test.go:27 +0x3e

Goroutine 9 (running) created at:
  _/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace.TestNonPointerRecevier()
      /Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace/main_test.go:29 +0xba
  testing.tRunner()
      /usr/local/Cellar/go/1.15.6/libexec/src/testing/testing.go:1123 +0x202

Goroutine 8 (finished) created at:
  _/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace.TestNonPointerRecevier()
      /Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace/main_test.go:26 +0x98
  testing.tRunner()
      /usr/local/Cellar/go/1.15.6/libexec/src/testing/testing.go:1123 +0x202
==================
true
FAIL
exit status 1
FAIL    _/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace  0.103s
4

2 回答 2

-1

当方法的接收者值是结构体(而不是指向结构体的指针)时,将复制完整的结构体以按值传递给该方法。
因此调用v.Display()隐式读取字段OtherValue(在制作结构的副本时),因此是竞争条件。

另一方面,当使用指针时,只复制指针,并且v.display同时访问v.OtherValue不会触发竞争条件。

于 2021-01-12T21:31:20.977 回答
-2

import (
    "fmt"
    "testing"
)

type TestStruct struct {
    display    bool
    OtherValue int
}

func Display(t TestStruct) bool { // equal func (t TestStruct) Display() bool
    return t.display
}

func DisplayP(t *TestStruct) bool { // equal func (t *TestStruct) DisplayP() bool
    return t.display
}

func TestNonPointerRecevier(t *testing.T) {
    v := &TestStruct{
        display: true,
    }

    go func() {
        v.OtherValue = 1 // write
    }()
    go func() {
        fmt.Println(Display(*v)) // *v read value
    }()
}

func TestPointerRecevier(t *testing.T) {
    v := &TestStruct{
        display: true,
    }

    go func() {
        v.OtherValue = 1 // write
    }()
    go func() {
        fmt.Println(DisplayP(v))  // un read, just pass parameter
    }()
}

关注 data-race 错误信息,read调用方法时发生了Display,go 会将 v( type *TestStruct) 转换为 ( type TestStruct)。

于 2021-01-12T06:11:44.933 回答