我正在使用 SpringBoot 构建一个 REST Api。我有三个班级ProductController，BackendService和SquareService。所有这些类都有一个名为 的方法postProduct(ProductRequestBody request)，它根据我们正在谈论的确切方法返回不同的类型。因此，ProductController.postProduct(...)调用BackendService.postProduct()和BackendService.postProduct()调用SquareService.postProduct()，如下面的流程图所示：
这是Controller看起来的样子：
@RestController // So no serving views of any kind
@Component
@Slf4j
public class ProductController
{
private final BackendService backendService;
.
.
.
@PostMapping(value = "/products")
public ResponseEntity<ResponseMessage> postProduct(@RequestBody ProductPostRequestBody request)
{
if(!LiteProduct.PRODUCT_TYPES.contains(request.getProductType().toUpperCase()))
{
return failure("Invalid product type provided: Valid categories are: " +
new ArrayList<>(LiteProduct.PRODUCT_TYPES) + ".",
HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
}
else if(request.getCostInCents() < 0)
{
return failure("Negative cost provided: " + request.getCostInCents() +".",
HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
}
else
{
try
{
/* ************************************************************** */
/* ****** Here is the call to BackendService.postProduct() ****** */
/* ************************************************************** */
final BackendServiceResponseBody backendResponse = backendService.postProduct(request);
final ProductResponseBody productResponse = ProductResponseBody.fromBackendResponseBody(backendResponse);
return success("Successfully posted product!", productResponse);
}
catch (BackendServiceException exc)
{
return failure(exc, exc.getStatus());
}
}
}
}
你可以看到BackendService.postProduct()上面的调用：
final BackendServiceResponseBody backendResponse = backendService.postProduct(request);
我已经成功地使用 Mockito 通过一个名为的类来模拟该调用ControllerPostTests：
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ControllerPostTests
{
@Autowired
private ProductController controller; // The class we are testing
@MockBean
private BackendService backendService; // The class that will be mocked
.
.
.
@Test
public void testOnePost()
{
final ProductPostRequestBody request = ProductPostRequestBody
.builder()
.name("Culeothesis Necrosis")
.productType("Flower")
.costInCents(600L) // 'L for long literal
.build();
final BackendServiceResponseBody expected = BackendServiceResponseBody.builder()
.name(request.getName())
.itemId("RANDOM_ITEM_ID")
.itemVariationId("RANDOM_ITEM_VAR_ID")
.productType(request.getProductType())
.costInCents(request.getCostInCents())
.isDeleted(false)
.build();
/* ***************************************************************************** */
/* ************ Here's the call that gets successfully mocked: ***************** */
/* ***************************************************************************** */
when(backendService.postProduct(request)).thenReturn(expected);
final ResponseEntity<ResponseMessage> responseEntity = controller.postProduct(request);
final ProductResponseBody response = checkAndGet(responseEntity);
assertTrue("Request did not match response", responseMatchesPostRequest(request, response));
}
这个测试，连同一个更人为的测试，完美地工作，并且也通过了（耶！）。
现在，怎么样BackendService？我也想模拟它SquareService来调试它，而且我还必须模拟一个名为的类LiteRepository，它实际上是一个JPARepository：
@Slf4j
@Component
public class BackendService
{
private final SquareService squareService; // Another class that is called by the methods of `this`.
private final LiteProductRepository localRepo; // A JPARepository I'm using as a cache.
.
.
.
public BackendServiceResponseBody postProduct(ProductPostRequestBody request) throws BackendServiceException
{
// First, make a local check to ensure that there's no name clash for
// the product uploaded. This is one of the advantages of having a cache.
if(localRepo.findByName(request.getName()).isPresent())
{
final ResourceAlreadyCreatedException exc = new ResourceAlreadyCreatedException();
logException(exc, this.getClass().getEnclosingMethod().getName());
throw new BackendServiceException(exc, HttpStatus.CONFLICT);
}
else
// We first POST to Square and *then* store the cached version in our
// local DB in order to grab the unique ID that Square provides us with.
{
try
{
/* ************************************************************************* */
/* ********** Here's the call that I need mocked: *************************** */
/* ************************************************************************* */
final SquareServiceResponseBody response = squareService.postProduct(request);
/* ************************************************************************* */
/* **** This call also needs to be mocked, but let's deal with it later.**** */
/* ************************************************************************* */
localRepo.save(LiteProduct.fromSquareResponse(response));
return BackendServiceResponseBody.fromSquareResponseBody(response);
}
catch(SquareServiceException exc)
{
logException(exc, this.getClass().getEnclosingMethod().getName());
throw new BackendServiceException(exc, exc.getStatus());
}
}
}
让我感到困惑的是，在一个单独的测试文件中，我遵循了与我在.ProductControllerTestsSquareService.postProduct(...)
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class BackendPostTests
{
/* *********************************************************************************************************** */
/* ************************************ Fields and utilities ************************************************** */
/* *********************************************************************************************************** */
@Autowired
private BackendService backendService; // The class we are testing
@MockBean
private SquareService squareService; // One class that will be mocked
@MockBean
private LiteProductRepository repository; // Another class that will be mocked
.
.
.
@Test
public void testOnePost()
{
final ProductPostRequestBody request = ProductPostRequestBody
.builder()
.name("Pink handbag")
.productType("Accessory")
.costInCents(600L) // 'L for long literal
.build();
final SquareServiceResponseBody expected = SquareServiceResponseBody.builder()
.name(request.getName())
.itemId("RANDOM_ITEM_ID")
.itemVariationId("RANDOM_ITEM_VAR_ID")
.productType(request.getProductType())
.costInCents(request.getCostInCents())
.isDeleted(false)
.build();
/* *********************************************************************** */
/* ******* This is where I mock SquareService.postProduct() ************** */
/* *********************************************************************** */
when(squareService.postProduct(request)).thenReturn(expected);
final LiteProduct cachedMiniProduct = LiteProduct.fromSquareResponse(expected);
/* *********************************************************************** */
/* * And this is where I hope to mock LiteProductRepository.save() later * */
/* *********************************************************************** */
when(repository.save(cachedMiniProduct)).thenReturn(cachedMiniProduct);
final BackendServiceResponseBody response = backendService.postProduct(request);
assertTrue("Request did not match response", responseMatchesPostRequest(request, response));
}
！我已经能够确定代码肯定会通过 IntelliJ 调试器进入该方法。这条线when(squareService.postProduct(request)).thenReturn(expected);似乎不起作用。
我在这里做错了什么？
// 编辑：改进的图像。