我目前正在生产环境中的 Tomcat 6 上运行我的 webapp,并且想评估在嵌入式模式下运行 Tomcat。
除了api 文档中的内容之外,是否有很好的教程或其他资源?
代码不言自明。查看 pom.xml 片段和运行 tomcat 的类。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>catalina</artifactId>
<version>6.0.18</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>coyote</artifactId>
<version>6.0.18</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>jasper</artifactId>
<version>6.0.18</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
public class RunWebApplicationTomcat {
private String path = null;
private Embedded container = null;
private Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
/**
* The directory to create the Tomcat server configuration under.
*/
private String catalinaHome = "tomcat";
/**
* The port to run the Tomcat server on.
*/
private int port = 8089;
/**
* The classes directory for the web application being run.
*/
private String classesDir = "target/classes";
/**
* The web resources directory for the web application being run.
*/
private String webappDir = "mywebapp";
/**
* Creates a single-webapp configuration to be run in Tomcat on port 8089. If module name does
* not conform to the 'contextname-webapp' convention, use the two-args constructor.
*
* @param contextName without leading slash, for example, "mywebapp"
* @throws IOException
*/
public RunWebApplicationTomcat(String contextName) {
Assert.isTrue(!contextName.startsWith("/"));
path = "/" + contextName;
}
/**
* Starts the embedded Tomcat server.
*
* @throws LifecycleException
* @throws MalformedURLException if the server could not be configured
* @throws LifecycleException if the server could not be started
* @throws MalformedURLException
*/
public void run(int port) throws LifecycleException, MalformedURLException {
this.port = port;
// create server
container = new Embedded();
container.setCatalinaHome(catalinaHome);
container.setRealm(new MemoryRealm());
// create webapp loader
WebappLoader loader = new WebappLoader(this.getClass().getClassLoader());
if (classesDir != null) {
loader.addRepository(new File(classesDir).toURI().toURL().toString());
}
// create context
// TODO: Context rootContext = container.createContext(path, webappDir);
Context rootContext = container.createContext(path, webappDir);
rootContext.setLoader(loader);
rootContext.setReloadable(true);
// create host
// String appBase = new File(catalinaHome, "webapps").getAbsolutePath();
Host localHost = container.createHost("localHost", new File("target").getAbsolutePath());
localHost.addChild(rootContext);
// create engine
Engine engine = container.createEngine();
engine.setName("localEngine");
engine.addChild(localHost);
engine.setDefaultHost(localHost.getName());
container.addEngine(engine);
// create http connector
Connector httpConnector = container.createConnector((InetAddress) null, port, false);
container.addConnector(httpConnector);
container.setAwait(true);
// start server
container.start();
// add shutdown hook to stop server
Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread() {
public void run() {
stopContainer();
}
});
}
/**
* Stops the embedded Tomcat server.
*/
public void stopContainer() {
try {
if (container != null) {
container.stop();
}
} catch (LifecycleException exception) {
logger.warn("Cannot Stop Tomcat" + exception.getMessage());
}
}
public String getPath() {
return path;
}
public void setPath(String path) {
this.path = path;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
RunWebApplicationTomcat inst = new RunWebApplicationTomcat("mywebapp");
inst.run(8089);
}
public int getPort() {
return port;
}
}
虽然这篇文章有些陈旧,但我正在回答我自己的答案,因为它可以节省一些其他时间
package com.creativefella;
import org.apache.catalina.Engine;
import org.apache.catalina.Host;
import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException;
import org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;
import org.apache.catalina.startup.Embedded;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class TomcatServer {
private Embedded server;
private int port;
private boolean isRunning;
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TomcatServer.class);
private static final boolean isInfo = LOG.isInfoEnabled();
/**
* Create a new Tomcat embedded server instance. Setup looks like:
* <pre><Server>
* <Service>
* <Connector />
* <Engine>
* <Host>
* <Context />
* </Host>
* </Engine>
* </Service>
*</Server></pre>
* <Server> & <Service> will be created automcatically. We need to hook the remaining to an {@link Embedded} instnace
* @param contextPath Context path for the application
* @param port Port number to be used for the embedded Tomcat server
* @param appBase Path to the Application files (for Maven based web apps, in general: <code>/src/main/</code>)
* @param shutdownHook If true, registers a server' shutdown hook with JVM. This is useful to shutdown the server
* in erroneous cases.
* @throws Exception
*/
public TomcatServer(String contextPath, int port, String appBase, boolean shutdownHook) {
if(contextPath == null || appBase == null || appBase.length() == 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Context path or appbase should not be null");
}
if(!contextPath.startsWith("/")) {
contextPath = "/" + contextPath;
}
this.port = port;
server = new Embedded();
server.setName("TomcatEmbeddedServer");
Host localHost = server.createHost("localhost", appBase);
localHost.setAutoDeploy(false);
StandardContext rootContext = (StandardContext) server.createContext(contextPath, "webapp");
rootContext.setDefaultWebXml("web.xml");
localHost.addChild(rootContext);
Engine engine = server.createEngine();
engine.setDefaultHost(localHost.getName());
engine.setName("TomcatEngine");
engine.addChild(localHost);
server.addEngine(engine);
Connector connector = server.createConnector(localHost.getName(), port, false);
server.addConnector(connector);
// register shutdown hook
if(shutdownHook) {
Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread() {
public void run() {
if(isRunning) {
if(isInfo) LOG.info("Stopping the Tomcat server, through shutdown hook");
try {
if (server != null) {
server.stop();
}
} catch (LifecycleException e) {
LOG.error("Error while stopping the Tomcat server, through shutdown hook", e);
}
}
}
});
}
}
/**
* Start the tomcat embedded server
*/
public void start() throws LifecycleException {
if(isRunning) {
LOG.warn("Tomcat server is already running @ port={}; ignoring the start", port);
return;
}
if(isInfo) LOG.info("Starting the Tomcat server @ port={}", port);
server.setAwait(true);
server.start();
isRunning = true;
}
/**
* Stop the tomcat embedded server
*/
public void stop() throws LifecycleException {
if(!isRunning) {
LOG.warn("Tomcat server is not running @ port={}", port);
return;
}
if(isInfo) LOG.info("Stopping the Tomcat server");
server.stop();
isRunning = false;
}
public boolean isRunning() {
return isRunning;
}
}
我也面临404
错误并挣扎了一段时间。通过看到日志' INFO: No default web.xml
',我怀疑它(如果这是一个警告,很容易发现)。web.xml
使用 Tomcat ( rootContext.setDefaultWebXml("web.xml")
)提供的( conf/web.xml
)的技巧。原因是,它包括 DefaultServlet,它为 HTML、JS 等静态文件提供服务。web.xml
在代码中手动使用或注册 servlet。
用法:
// start the server at http://localhost:8080/myapp
TomcatServer server = new TomcatServer("myapp", 8080, "/src/main/", true);
server.start();
// .....
server.stop();
不要忘记将默认值web.xml
放在该程序的同一目录中或指向正确的位置。
应该注意的是,关闭钩子的灵感来自安东尼奥的回答。
使用 Tomcat 而不是 Jetty 的原因有很多:
第 5 点对我的工作很重要。例如,我可以通过 Tomcat 直接访问 JSPWiki 实例,但使用 Jetty 时完全无法访问。我在 2007 年要求解决这个问题,但还没有听到答案。所以我最终放弃并开始使用 Tomcat 6。我研究过 Glassfish 和 Grizzly,但到目前为止,Tomcat 是(令人惊讶的)最稳定且记录良好的 Web 容器(实际上并没有说太多)。
这可能会有所帮助。
如果你下载 Tomcat6.x 的源码包,你会得到这个类:
这是一个如何使用 Embedd 类的示例:它是一个用于停止|启动特定 Tomcat 安装的 shell。(我的意思是您可以设置CATALINA_BASE
为指向现有的 Tomcat 安装)。
如果你编译它,你可以像这样运行:
java -D"catalina.base=%CATALINA_BASE%" -D"catalina.home=%CATALINA_HOME%" org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
我不确定如何更改此代码以关闭服务器!
我认为使用 Tomcat 7 或 Jetty 9 嵌入更容易。在这里你会找到一个很好的介绍:http ://www.hascode.com/2013/07/embedding-jetty-or-tomcat-in-your-java-application/
几个月前读完这个帖子后,我写了这个项目:spring-embedded-tomcat。它可用于将 tomcat6 嵌入到基于 Spring 的应用程序中。