我有一个独立的 Git 存储库，我想将其迁移到新的 SVN 存储库。至少，我想迁移具有完整历史记录的主分支，但理想情况下我想迁移所有分支和标签。我只需要做一次迁移；我不需要重复这个或做任何双向同步或类似的事情。
根据我在网上可以找到的内容，执行此操作的最佳工具似乎是 git-svn。我觉得我遗漏了一些明显的东西，有一些参数git svn init或者git svn dcommit我需要传递，这将使所有这些都正常工作，但我找不到它。
这是我到目前为止所做的尝试：
尝试 1： git svn dcommit 到一个空白的 svn repo。
[dyaw@localhost v1]$ mkdir svngit ; cd svngit
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git svn init svn://server/emptyRepo --stdlayout
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/dyaw/stackoverflow/v1/svngit/.git/
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git svn fetch
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git config receive.denyCurrentBranch ignore
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ cd ..
[dyaw@localhost v1]$ git clone /mnt/sharedDrive/sharedRepo/ plaingit
Cloning into 'plaingit'...
done.
[dyaw@localhost v1]$ cd plaingit/
[dyaw@localhost plaingit]$ git remote add svntest /home/dyaw/stackoverflow/v1/svngit
[dyaw@localhost plaingit]$ git branch -a | grep remotes/origin | grep -v -- '->' | cut -d/ -f3 | xargs -L1 git checkout
Branch 'Foo' set up to track remote branch 'Foo' from 'origin'.
Switched to a new branch 'Foo'
Switched to branch 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
[dyaw@localhost plaingit]$ git push svntest --all
Enumerating objects: 2719, done.
Counting objects: 100% (2719/2719), done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (2591/2591), done.
Writing objects: 100% (2719/2719), 4.67 MiB | 18.55 MiB/s, done.
Total 2719 (delta 2011), reused 237 (delta 123)
remote: Resolving deltas: 100% (2011/2011), done.
To /home/dyaw/stackoverflow/v1/svngit
* [new branch] Foo -> Foo
* [new branch] master -> master
[dyaw@localhost plaingit]$ git push svntest --tags
Enumerating objects: 8, done.
Counting objects: 100% (8/8), done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (8/8), done.
Writing objects: 100% (8/8), 1.32 KiB | 1.32 MiB/s, done.
Total 8 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To /home/dyaw/stackoverflow/v1/svngit
* [new tag] Many tags pushed
[dyaw@localhost plaingit]$ cd ../svngit/
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git status
On branch master
Changes to be committed:
(use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
deleted: Every single file in the repository
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git reset --hard
HEAD is now at 3161afd
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git status
On branch master
nothing to commit, working tree clean
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git svn dcommit
Unable to determine upstream SVN information from HEAD history.
Perhaps the repository is empty. at /usr/libexec/git-core/git-svn line 872.
- “也许存储库是空的。” 是的，它肯定是空的。这就是重点，我目前在 SVN 中的内容为零，我需要将所有工作移到那里。
- 这是一个完全空的 SVN 存储库。甚至没有trunk/tags/branches 目录。
尝试 #2： git svn dcommit 到具有适当基本结构（主干/标签/分支）的存储库。
- 相同的基本结果。
git svn fetch新创建的 svngit 工作副本 的输出是：[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git svn fetch r1 = 81aad897c91af332c969ece7655a86f8f670bfec (refs/remotes/origin/trunk) Checked out HEAD: svn://server/basicRepo/trunk r1- 第一个
git push svntest --all失败，“更新被拒绝，因为远程包含您在本地没有的工作。这通常是由另一个存储库推送到相同的参考引起的。您可能希望首先集成远程更改（例如，'git pull .. .') 在再次推动之前。”。在执行git pull svntest master --allow-unrelated-histories并提交该合并后，推送成功。 - 最后，
git svn dcommit给出了关于空存储库的相同错误。
尝试 #3：使用 GitHub 的 SVN 网桥
- 可以通过 SVN 访问 GitHub 上的 Git 存储库。
- 我将我的 Git 存储库推送到 GitHub，并且能够从 SVN 访问它。(
svn co https://github.com....) - 通常，
svnrdump可以在给定 URL 的情况下转储 SVN 存储库（而不是svnadmin dump需要将存储库作为本地文件系统中的文件提供），但 svnrdump 返回svnrdump: E200007: The requested report is unknown. - 我能够进行
svnrdump dump -r一次修订。任何修订似乎都有效，但指定--incremental或一系列修订（-r 1:2或所有内容的默认值）会导致报告该错误。 - 显然 GitHub 通过 HTTPS 实现的 SVN 不包括对增量转储的支持。
- 我可以通过 HEAD 进行 1 的非增量转储，但我不知道有什么方法可以将这些连续的非增量转储转回增量转储，以便它可以拥有完整的历史记录。
尝试 #4：在 SVN 中进行初始提交，然后从那里 dcommit
根据 Jeff Mercado 的回答。
在执行所有 git svn 内容之前，我在 SVN 的主干中创建了一个空文件。我第一次通过，dcommit 有到 SVN 的链接，但实际上并没有在初始分支上提交任何内容，然后在切换到另一个分支和切换回 master 时给出了错误。当我重复这些步骤以捕获输出以在此处发布时，它立即给出了错误。回顾命令历史，我看不出有什么不同。无论如何，我仍然无法提交。
[dyaw@localhost v4]$ svn co svn://server/emptyRepo svn
Checked out revision 0.
[dyaw@localhost v4]$ cd svn
[dyaw@localhost svn]$ mkdir trunk tags branches
[dyaw@localhost svn]$ svn add trunk tags branches
A trunk
A tags
A branches
[dyaw@localhost svn]$ cd trunk/
[dyaw@localhost trunk]$ touch dummyMigrationFile
[dyaw@localhost trunk]$ svn add dummyMigrationFile
A dummyMigrationFile
[dyaw@localhost trunk]$ svn ci -m "Added directory structure and dummy file"
Adding .
Adding dummyMigrationFile
Transmitting file data .done
Committing transaction...
Committed revision 1.
[dyaw@localhost trunk]$ cd ../..
[dyaw@localhost v4]$ mkdir svngit ; cd svngit
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git svn init svn://server/emptyRepo --stdlayout
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/dyaw/stackoverflow/v4/svngit/.git/
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git svn fetch
A dummyMigrationFile
r1 = a934fa2864bd46f0090c2cdf486c924ceb09fb52 (refs/remotes/origin/trunk)
Checked out HEAD:
svn://svn1/Data/00000999-migrate/trunk r1
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git config receive.denyCurrentBranch ignore
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ cd ..
[dyaw@localhost v4]$ git clone /mnt/sharedDrive/sharedRepo/ plaingit
Cloning into 'plaingit'...
done.
[dyaw@localhost v4]$ cd plaingit/
[dyaw@localhost plaingit]$ git remote add svntest /home/dyaw/stackoverflow/v4/svngit
[dyaw@localhost plaingit]$ git branch -a | grep remotes/origin | grep -v -- '->' | cut -d/ -f3 | xargs -L1 git checkout
Branch 'Foo' set up to track remote branch 'Foo' from 'origin'.
Switched to a new branch 'Foo'
Switched to branch 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
[dyaw@localhost plaingit]$ git push svntest --all
Enumerating objects: 2719, done.
Counting objects: 100% (2719/2719), done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (2591/2591), done.
Writing objects: 100% (2719/2719), 4.67 MiB | 18.62 MiB/s, done.
Total 2719 (delta 2011), reused 237 (delta 123)
remote: Resolving deltas: 100% (2011/2011), done.
To /home/dyaw/stackoverflow/v4/svngit
* [new branch] Foo -> Foo
! [rejected] master -> master (fetch first)
error: failed to push some refs to '/home/dyaw/stackoverflow/v4/svngit'
hint: Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do
hint: not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing
hint: to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changes
hint: (e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.
[dyaw@localhost plaingit]$ git pull svntest master --allow-unrelated-histories --no-edit
remote: Enumerating objects: 3, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (3/3), done.
remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Unpacking objects: 100% (3/3), done.
From /home/dyaw/stackoverflow/v4/svngit
* branch master -> FETCH_HEAD
* [new branch] master -> svntest/master
Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy.
dummyMigrationFile | 0
1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 dummyMigrationFile
[dyaw@localhost plaingit]$ git push svntest --all
Enumerating objects: 593, done.
Counting objects: 100% (593/593), done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (552/552), done.
Writing objects: 100% (552/552), 4.05 MiB | 19.00 MiB/s, done.
Total 552 (delta 417), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote: Resolving deltas: 100% (417/417), completed with 30 local objects.
To /home/dyaw/stackoverflow/v4/svngit
a934fa2..127ed95 master -> master
[dyaw@localhost plaingit]$ git push svntest --tags
Enumerating objects: 8, done.
Counting objects: 100% (8/8), done.
Delta compression using up to 8 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (8/8), done.
Writing objects: 100% (8/8), 1.32 KiB | 1.32 MiB/s, done.
Total 8 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To /home/dyaw/stackoverflow/v4/svngit
* [new tag] Lots of tags
[dyaw@localhost plaingit]$ cd ../svngit/
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git status
On branch master
Changes to be committed:
(use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
deleted: All the files that were in the original git
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git reset --hard
HEAD is now at 127ed95 Merge branch 'master' of /home/dyaw/stackoverflow/v4/svngit
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git status
On branch master
nothing to commit, working tree clean
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git svn dcommit
Unable to determine upstream SVN information from HEAD history.
Perhaps the repository is empty. at /usr/libexec/git-core/git-svn line 872.
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ ll
total 4128
-rw-r--r--. 1 dyaw domain users 0 Aug 12 12:47 dummyMigrationFile
-rw-r--r--. 1 dyaw domain users 553 Aug 12 12:48 All the files of the original git
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$ git log | head -n 20
commit 127ed959dd48230e100b24878014b290f795d298
Merge: 3161afd a934fa2
Author: David Yaw <dyaw@localhost>
Date: Wed Aug 12 12:47:49 2020 -0400
Merge branch 'master' of /home/dyaw/stackoverflow/v4/svngit
commit a934fa2864bd46f0090c2cdf486c924ceb09fb52
Author: (no author) <(no author)@057915ec-d7cd-45ea-bdf3-a57c6415ee48>
Date: Wed Aug 12 16:13:26 2020 +0000
Added directory structure and dummy file
git-svn-id: svn://server/emptyRepo/trunk@1 057915ec-d7cd-45ea-bdf3-a57c6415ee48
commit 3161afdcb9272a6b047725ccbd1f125b973c7d68
Author: someone else
Date: Mon May 11 10:10:26 2020 -0400
This is the last commit on master of the original git repo
[dyaw@localhost svngit]$