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我正在使用我发现的一些旧代码来获取字符串（例如：）

[1] "Indianapolis, IN"         "Columbia, TN"             "Chicago, IL"              "Next door to Florida Man"
[5] "Holeintheroad, TN"        "RUCH 11 LISTOPADA"

并找出其中有州缩写的。我有以下内容：

user_info$location[user_info$location!=""&!is.na(user_info$location)] %>%
  str_match(sprintf("(%s)",paste(state.abb,collapse="|"))) %>%
  .[,2] %>%
  table() %>%
  broom::tidy() %>%
  set_names(c("NAME","n")) %>%
  as.data.frame() -> tweet_states_abbr

其中 datasets::state.abb 是：

 [1] "AL" "AK" "AZ" "AR" "CA" "CO" "CT" "DE" "FL" "GA" "HI" "ID" "IL" "IN" "IA" "KS" "KY" "LA" "ME" "MD" "MA" "MI" "MN" "MS"
[25] "MO" "MT" "NE" "NV" "NH" "NJ" "NM" "NY" "NC" "ND" "OH" "OK" "OR" "PA" "RI" "SC" "SD" "TN" "TX" "UT" "VT" "VA" "WA" "WV"
[49] "WI" "WY"

问题是 str_match() 获取了太多信息——除了诸如“IN”或“CA”之类的实际状态缩写之外，它还获取了部分单词（例如：在“MAGA”中，它获取了“MA”或“GA”）。我知道正则表达式可以解决这个问题，但我不确定如何将它们与 sprintf 和 %s 合并到这里，因为它们不是原生 R——所以我不确定在哪里放置 \b 或 \s。有什么建议吗？谢谢！

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1 回答 1

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您只需要确保州缩写被单词边界标记包围，\\b.

TestData = c("Indianapolis, IN", "Columbia, TN", "Chicago, IL",
"Next door to Florida Man", "Holeintheroad, TN", "RUCH 11 LISTOPADA",
"MAGA")

StatePat = paste("\\b(", paste(datasets::state.abb, collapse="|"), ")\\b", sep="")
grep(StatePat, TestData, value=T)
[1] "Indianapolis, IN"  "Columbia, TN"  "Chicago, IL"  "Holeintheroad, TN"
于 2020-06-23T23:53:30.260 回答