首先,了解 MS Access 的 Expression Builder 是构建 SQL 表达式的便捷工具。查询设计中的一切最终都是为了构建一个 SQL 查询。出于这个原因,您必须使用基于集合的心态来查看整个相关表格集中的数据,而不是逐个单元格的心态。
具体来说,要实现:
仅在该位置的第一次出现时放置 1,在下一次出现时放置 0
考虑一个基于整体的方法,通过加入一个单独的聚合查询来识别所需分组的第一个值,然后计算所需的IIF
表达式。下面假设您在表中有一个自动编号或主键字段(关系数据库中的标准):
聚合查询(另存为单独查询,根据需要调整列)
SELECT ColumnD, MIN(AutoNumberID) As MinID
FROM myTable
GROUP BY ColumnD
最终查询(加入原始表并构建最终IIF
表达式)
SELECT m.*, IIF(agg.MinID = AutoNumberID, 1, 0) As Dup_Indicator
FROM myTable m
INNER JOIN myAggregateQuery agg
ON m.[ColumnD] = agg.ColumnD
用随机数据进行演示:
原来的
| ID | GROUP | INT | NUM | CHAR | BOOL | DATE |
|----|--------|-----|--------------|------|-------|------------|
| 1 | r | 9 | 1.424490258 | B6z | TRUE | 7/4/1994 |
| 2 | stata | 10 | 2.591235683 | h7J | FALSE | 10/5/1971 |
| 3 | spss | 6 | 0.560461966 | Hrn | TRUE | 11/27/1990 |
| 4 | stata | 10 | -1.499272175 | eXL | FALSE | 4/17/2010 |
| 5 | stata | 15 | 1.470269177 | Vas | TRUE | 6/13/2010 |
| 6 | r | 14 | -0.072238898 | puP | TRUE | 4/1/1994 |
| 7 | julia | 2 | -1.370405263 | S2l | FALSE | 12/11/1999 |
| 8 | spss | 6 | -0.153684675 | mAw | FALSE | 7/28/1977 |
| 9 | spss | 10 | -0.861482674 | cxC | FALSE | 7/17/1994 |
| 10 | spss | 2 | -0.817222582 | GRn | FALSE | 10/19/2012 |
| 11 | stata | 2 | 0.949287754 | xgc | TRUE | 1/18/2003 |
| 12 | stata | 5 | -1.580841322 | Y1D | TRUE | 6/3/2011 |
| 13 | r | 14 | -1.671303816 | JCP | FALSE | 5/15/1981 |
| 14 | r | 7 | 0.904181025 | Rct | TRUE | 7/24/1977 |
| 15 | stata | 10 | -1.198211174 | qJY | FALSE | 5/6/1982 |
| 16 | julia | 10 | -0.265808162 | 10s | FALSE | 3/18/1975 |
| 17 | r | 13 | -0.264955027 | 8Md | TRUE | 6/11/1974 |
| 18 | r | 4 | 0.518302149 | 4KW | FALSE | 9/12/1980 |
| 19 | r | 5 | -0.053620183 | 8An | FALSE | 4/17/2004 |
| 20 | r | 14 | -0.359197116 | F8Q | TRUE | 6/14/2005 |
| 21 | spss | 11 | -2.211875193 | AgS | TRUE | 4/11/1973 |
| 22 | stata | 4 | -1.718749471 | Zqr | FALSE | 2/20/1999 |
| 23 | python | 10 | 1.207878576 | tcC | FALSE | 4/18/2008 |
| 24 | stata | 11 | 0.548902226 | PFJ | TRUE | 9/20/1994 |
| 25 | stata | 6 | 1.479125922 | 7a7 | FALSE | 3/2/1989 |
| 26 | python | 10 | -0.437245299 | r32 | TRUE | 6/7/1997 |
| 27 | sas | 14 | 0.404746106 | 6NJ | TRUE | 9/23/2013 |
| 28 | stata | 8 | 2.206741458 | Ive | TRUE | 5/26/2008 |
| 29 | spss | 12 | -0.470694096 | dPS | TRUE | 5/4/1983 |
| 30 | sas | 15 | -0.57169507 | yle | TRUE | 6/20/1979 |
SQL (在子查询中使用聚合,但可以是存储查询)
SELECT r.*, IIF(sub.MinID = r.ID,1, 0) AS Dup
FROM Random_Data r
LEFT JOIN
(
SELECT r.GROUP, MIN(r.ID) As MinID
FROM Random_Data r
GROUP BY r.Group
) sub
ON r.[Group] = sub.[GROUP]
输出 (注意第一个GROUP
值标记为 1,其他标记为 0)
| ID | GROUP | INT | NUM | CHAR | BOOL | DATE | Dup |
|----|--------|-----|--------------|------|-------|------------|-----|
| 1 | r | 9 | 1.424490258 | B6z | TRUE | 7/4/1994 | 1 |
| 2 | stata | 10 | 2.591235683 | h7J | FALSE | 10/5/1971 | 1 |
| 3 | spss | 6 | 0.560461966 | Hrn | TRUE | 11/27/1990 | 1 |
| 4 | stata | 10 | -1.499272175 | eXL | FALSE | 4/17/2010 | 0 |
| 5 | stata | 15 | 1.470269177 | Vas | TRUE | 6/13/2010 | 0 |
| 6 | r | 14 | -0.072238898 | puP | TRUE | 4/1/1994 | 0 |
| 7 | julia | 2 | -1.370405263 | S2l | FALSE | 12/11/1999 | 1 |
| 8 | spss | 6 | -0.153684675 | mAw | FALSE | 7/28/1977 | 0 |
| 9 | spss | 10 | -0.861482674 | cxC | FALSE | 7/17/1994 | 0 |
| 10 | spss | 2 | -0.817222582 | GRn | FALSE | 10/19/2012 | 0 |
| 11 | stata | 2 | 0.949287754 | xgc | TRUE | 1/18/2003 | 0 |
| 12 | stata | 5 | -1.580841322 | Y1D | TRUE | 6/3/2011 | 0 |
| 13 | r | 14 | -1.671303816 | JCP | FALSE | 5/15/1981 | 0 |
| 14 | r | 7 | 0.904181025 | Rct | TRUE | 7/24/1977 | 0 |
| 15 | stata | 10 | -1.198211174 | qJY | FALSE | 5/6/1982 | 0 |
| 16 | julia | 10 | -0.265808162 | 10s | FALSE | 3/18/1975 | 0 |
| 17 | r | 13 | -0.264955027 | 8Md | TRUE | 6/11/1974 | 0 |
| 18 | r | 4 | 0.518302149 | 4KW | FALSE | 9/12/1980 | 0 |
| 19 | r | 5 | -0.053620183 | 8An | FALSE | 4/17/2004 | 0 |
| 20 | r | 14 | -0.359197116 | F8Q | TRUE | 6/14/2005 | 0 |
| 21 | spss | 11 | -2.211875193 | AgS | TRUE | 4/11/1973 | 0 |
| 22 | stata | 4 | -1.718749471 | Zqr | FALSE | 2/20/1999 | 0 |
| 23 | python | 10 | 1.207878576 | tcC | FALSE | 4/18/2008 | 1 |
| 24 | stata | 11 | 0.548902226 | PFJ | TRUE | 9/20/1994 | 0 |
| 25 | stata | 6 | 1.479125922 | 7a7 | FALSE | 3/2/1989 | 0 |
| 26 | python | 10 | -0.437245299 | r32 | TRUE | 6/7/1997 | 0 |
| 27 | sas | 14 | 0.404746106 | 6NJ | TRUE | 9/23/2013 | 1 |
| 28 | stata | 8 | 2.206741458 | Ive | TRUE | 5/26/2008 | 0 |
| 29 | spss | 12 | -0.470694096 | dPS | TRUE | 5/4/1983 | 0 |
| 30 | sas | 15 | -0.57169507 | yle | TRUE | 6/20/1979 | 0 |