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我有一个X509Certificate2实例，并获取它的PrivateKey属性，即RsaCryptoServiceProvider. MSDN 文档表明此类RsaCryptoServiceProvider不是线程安全的。因此，如果给定一些 X.509 证书，我需要在多个线程上执行非对称加密（通常在 Web 服务器上），创建多个实例的最佳方法是RsaCryptoServiceProvider什么？

上的私钥X509Certificate2未标记为可导出，因此我不能简单地导出原始参数RsaCryptoServiceProvider并将它们重新导入另一个实例以解决线程安全问题。

我通过 获得了原始的X509Store，但这似乎是一个X509Certificate2实例的集合，因此如果我想要一个新的实例，RsaCryptoServiceProvider我必须实例化一个new X509Store来找到一个新 X509Certificate2的，以获得一个新 RsaCryptoServiceProvider的. 让 .NET 克隆RsaCryptoServiceProvider实例似乎非常重要。

有没有更好的方法？

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1 回答 1

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看起来RsaCryptoServiceProvider，尽管它的 MSDN 文档声明它不是线程安全的，但它的线程安全性足以同时在多个线程上加密/解密。我编写了以下应用程序来使用此类测试高并发性，并且它根本没有崩溃或无法正确加密/解密：

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
using System.Threading;

namespace ConsoleApplication1 {
    class Program {
        static bool exit;

        static void Main(string[] args) {
            var store = new X509Store(StoreName.My, StoreLocation.CurrentUser);
            try {
                store.Open(OpenFlags.OpenExistingOnly);

                Func<RSACryptoServiceProvider> rsaFactory = null;
                X509Certificate2 winningCert = null;
                exit = true;
                foreach (X509Certificate2 cert in store.Certificates) {
                    try {
                        var result = store.Certificates.Find(X509FindType.FindByThumbprint, cert.Thumbprint, false).Cast<X509Certificate2>().FirstOrDefault();
                        rsaFactory = () => (RSACryptoServiceProvider)result.PrivateKey;
                        UseRsa(rsaFactory());
                        winningCert = cert;
                        break;
                    } catch (CryptographicException) {
                        Console.WriteLine("Cert {0} failed", cert.Thumbprint);
                    }
                }

                exit = false;
                Console.WriteLine("Winning cert: {0}", winningCert.Thumbprint);
                RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = (RSACryptoServiceProvider)winningCert.PrivateKey;
                rsaFactory = () => rsa;
                Thread[] threads = new Thread[16];
                for (int i = 0; i < threads.Length; i++) {
                    threads[i] = new Thread(state => UseRsa(rsaFactory()));
                    threads[i].Start();
                }

                Thread.Sleep(10000);

                exit = true;
                for (int i = 0; i < threads.Length; i++) {
                    threads[i].Join();
                }

                Console.WriteLine("Success.");
            } finally {
                store.Close();
            }
        }

        static void UseRsa(RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa) {
            var rng = RandomNumberGenerator.Create();
            var buffer = new byte[64];

            do {
                rng.GetBytes(buffer);
                var cipher = rsa.Encrypt(buffer, true);

                var plaintext = rsa.Decrypt(cipher, true);
                for (int i = 0; i < buffer.Length; i++) {
                    if (buffer[i] != plaintext[i]) {
                        Debugger.Break();
                    }
                }
            } while (!exit);
        }
    }
}
于 2011-05-27T01:30:20.967 回答