0

我已经将 jpg 图像从 RGB 转换为 YCbCr,但现在必须使用 Chroma Subsampling 使它们成为 4:2:0。我已经搜索但没有找到有关如何执行此操作的任何信息(注意:我对 Matlab 很陌生)

编辑:我现在有了这个,但是在我设置 ycbcr(:,:,2) = newCb 的底部它说“无法执行分配,因为左侧的大小是 1273-by-1910 和右侧的大小边是 1273×955×0。”

function f = conversion(source_image, source_name)

image = imread(source_image);

% conversion_matrix = [0.299 -0.168736 0.5;
%                      0.587 -.0331264 -.0418688;
%                      0.114  0.5 -.081312];

conversion_matrix = [0.299 0.587 0.114;
                     -0.168736 -.0331264 0.5;
                     0.5  -.0418688 -.081312];

ycbr = reshape(double(image),[],3)*conversion_matrix;

ycbr = reshape(uint8(ycbr),size(image));

Y = ycbr(:,:,1)+ 0;
Cb = ycbr(:,:,2)+ 0.5;
Cr = ycbr(:,:,3)+ 0.5;

Cb = double(Cb);
newCb = uint8(round((Cb(:,1:2:end, 1:2:end) + Cb(:,2:2:end, 1:2:end) + Cb(:,1:2:end, 2:2:end) + Cb(:,2:2:end, 2:2:end)) / 4));
Cr = double(Cr);
newCr = uint8(round((Cr(:,1:2:end, 1:2:end) + Cr(:,2:2:end, 1:2:end) + Cr(:,1:2:end, 2:2:end) + Cr(:,2:2:end, 2:2:end)) / 4));

ycbcr(:,:,1) = Y;
ycbcr(:,:,2) = newCb;
ycbcr(:,:,3) = newCr;

imshow(ycbcr);
imwrite(ycbcr, source_name);

f = ycbcr;
4

1 回答 1

2

您可以简单地将每个轴的大小调整为 0.5 倍 CbCr

认为:

YUV = rgb2ycbcr(RGB);
Y = YUV(:, :, 1);
U = YUV(:, :, 2);
V = YUV(:, :, 3);

Y通道未修改(Y4:2:0 与 4:4:4 格式相同)

下采样UV0.5 倍以获得 4:2:0 格式:

newU = imresize(U, 0.5);
newV = imresize(V, 0.5);

在 MATLAB 中,您通常喜欢保留 420 个结果YnewUnewV3 个矩阵(平面格式),而不是将这些矩阵合并为一个矩阵。

4:2:0 格式不规定特定组件的顺序(如 I420 或 NV12...),因此这三个矩阵被认为是 4:2:0 格式。


不使用下采样imresize

您可以下采样UV使用以下代码示例:

U = double(U);
newU = uint8(round((U(1:2:end, 1:2:end) + U(2:2:end, 1:2:end) + U(1:2:end, 2:2:end) + U(2:2:end, 2:2:end)) / 4));

结果等效于使用双线性插值调整大小,没有抗锯齿滤波器:

shrunkU = imresize(U, 0.5, 'bilinear', 'Antialiasing', false);

更新:

  • 您发布的转换公式不正确(至少与 MATLAB 内置rgb2ycbcr转换公式不同)。
    MATLAB 转换公式符合 BT.601“有限范围”标准。
  • 看起来你在矩阵乘法向量中有一个错误。
  • 正如我所评论的,我建议您将 420 结果保存到二进制文件中。

以下代码示例执行以下步骤:

  • 在不使用内置函数的情况下将 RGB 转换为 YCbCr,并将结果与​​ MATLABrgb2ycbcr结果进行比较。
  • 从 YCbCr 444 转换为 YCbCr 420(不使用内置函数)。
  • 将 420 结果保存到二进制文件im.yuv
  • 使用FFmpeg命令行工具 转换im.yuv为 PNG 格式,并显示结果。

这是代码:

RGB = imresize(imread('autumn.png'), [100, 170]); % Load RGB image for testing (and resize)

% Convert to YCbCr using MATLAB builtin function (used as reference)
refYUV = rgb2ycbcr(RGB);

% Conversion matrix applies BT.601 standard ("limited range").
T = [ 0.2568    0.5041    0.0979
     -0.1482   -0.2910    0.4392
      0.4392   -0.3678   -0.0714];

% Conversion offset (for "limted range" standard the offset for Y channel is 16)
offset = [16
          128
          128];

% Manual conversion from RGB to YCbCr (YUV is a shortcut name from YCbCr):
% Multiply T matrix (from the left side) by three "long rows" of RGB elements and add offsets vector.
YUV = T*(reshape(double(RGB), [], 3))' +  offset;

% Reshape YUV to the shape of RGB, and convert back to uint8.
YUV = uint8(reshape(YUV', size(RGB)));

% Verify that YUV equals refYUV (maximum difference result is 1 out of 255)
disp(['Max Diff = ', num2str(max(imabsdiff(YUV(:), refYUV(:))))]);

% Convert to YUV 420 (without builtin function):
Y = YUV(:, :, 1)
U = double(YUV(:, :, 2))
V = double(YUV(:, :, 3))
newU = uint8(round((U(1:2:end, 1:2:end) + U(2:2:end, 1:2:end) + U(1:2:end, 2:2:end) + U(2:2:end, 2:2:end)) / 4));
newV = uint8(round((V(1:2:end, 1:2:end) + V(2:2:end, 1:2:end) + V(1:2:end, 2:2:end) + V(2:2:end, 2:2:end)) / 4));

% Save result to YUV file (file format is going to be raw I420 foramt):
% Make sure to transpose the matrix before saving (becuase MATLAB is "column major", and fomrat is "row major").
f = fopen('im.yuv', 'w');
fwrite(f, Y', 'uint8');
fwrite(f, newU', 'uint8');
fwrite(f, newV', 'uint8');
fclose(f);

% Convert im.yuv to PNG format using FFmpeg (free command line tool).
% For Windows system, download stable stsatic build from https://ffmpeg.zeranoe.com/builds/
% Place ffmpeg.exe in the same path of the script (just for testing withing MATLAB)
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
[status, cmdout] = system('ffmpeg -y -s 170x100 -i im.yuv -pix_fmt yuv420p im.png');

% Read and show im.png for testing:  
I = imread('im.png');
imshow(I)

结果(在转换为 YCbCr 420 并使用 FFmpeg 转换回 RGB 之后):
在此处输入图像描述

于 2020-02-17T23:36:59.157 回答