我已经成功使用 xml.etree.ElementTree 来解析 xml，搜索内容，然后将其写入不同的 xml。但是，我只是在单个标签内处理文本。
import os, sys, glob, xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
path = r"G:\\63D RRC GIS Data\\metadata\\general\\2010_contract"
for fn in os.listdir(path):
filepaths = glob.glob(path + os.sep + fn + os.sep + "*overall.xml")
for filepath in filepaths:
(pa, filename) = os.path.split(filepath)
####use this section to grab element text from old, archived metadata files; this text then gets put into current, working .xml###
root = ET.parse(pa + os.sep + "archive" + os.sep + "base_metadata_overall.xml").getroot()
iterator = root.getiterator()
for item in iterator:
if item.tag == "abstract":
correct_abstract = item.text
root2 = ET.parse(pa + os.sep + "base_metadata_overall.xml").getroot()
iterator2 = root2.getiterator("descript")
for item in iterator2:
if item.tag == "abstract":
old_abstract = item.find("abstract")
old_abstract_text = old_abstract.text
item.remove(old_abstract)
new_symbol_abstract = ET.SubElement(item, "title")
new_symbol_abstract.text = correct_abstract
tree = ET.ElementTree(root2)
tree.write(pa + os.sep + "base_metadata_overall.xml")
print "created --- " + filename + " metadata"
但现在，我需要：
1) 搜索 xml 并抓取“attr”标签之间的所有内容，下面是示例：
<attr><attrlabl Sync="TRUE">OBJECTID</attrlabl><attalias Sync="TRUE">ObjectIdentifier</attalias><attrtype Sync="TRUE">OID</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">4</attwidth><atprecis Sync="TRUE">0</atprecis><attscale Sync="TRUE">0</attscale><attrdef Sync="TRUE">Internal feature number.</attrdef></attr>
2）现在，我需要打开一个不同的xml并搜索相同“attr”标签之间的所有内容并替换为上面的内容。
基本上，我之前在做什么，但忽略“attr”标签之间的子元素、属性等......并将其视为文本。
谢谢！！
请多多包涵，这个论坛和我以前的（发帖）有点不同！
这是我到目前为止所拥有的：
import os, sys, glob, re, xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from lxml import etree
path = r"C:\\temp\\python\\xml"
for fn in os.listdir(path):
filepaths = glob.glob(path + os.sep + fn + os.sep + "*overall.xml")
for filepath in filepaths:
(pa, filename) = os.path.split(filepath)
xml = open(pa + os.sep + "attributes.xml")
xmltext = xml.read()
correct_attrs = re.findall("<attr> (.*?)</attr>",xmltext,re.DOTALL)
for item in correct_attrs:
correct_attribute = "<attr>" + item + "</attr>"
xml2 = open(pa + os.sep + "base_metadata_overall.xml")
xmltext2 = xml2.read()
old_attrs = re.findall("<attr>(.*?)</attr>",xmltext,re.DOTALL)
for item2 in old_attrs:
old_attribute = "<attr>" + item + "</attr>"
old = etree.fromstring(old_attribute)
replacement = new.xpath('//attr')
for attr in old.xpath('//attr'):
attr.getparent().replace(attr, copy.deepcopy(replacement))
print lxml.etree.tostring(old)
得到这个工作，见下文，甚至想出了如何导出到新的 .xml 但是，如果 attr 的 # 是差异。从源到目标，我收到以下错误，有什么建议吗？
节点=替换.pop()
IndexError：从空列表中弹出
import os, sys, glob, re, copy, lxml, xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from lxml import etree
path = r"C:\\temp\\python\\xml"
for fn in os.listdir(path):
filepaths = glob.glob(path + os.sep + fn + os.sep + "*overall.xml")
for filepath in filepaths:
xmlatributes = open(pa + os.sep + "attributes.xml")
xmlatributes_txt = xmlatributes.read()
xmltarget = open(pa + os.sep + "base_metadata_overall.xml")
xmltarget_txt = xmltarget.read()
source = lxml.etree.fromstring(xmlatributes_txt)
dest = lxml.etree.fromstring(xmltarget_txt)
replacements = source.xpath('//attr')
replacements.reverse()
for attr in dest.xpath('//attr'):
node = replacements.pop()
attr.getparent().replace(attr, copy.deepcopy(node))
#print lxml.etree.tostring(dest)
tree = ET.ElementTree(dest)
tree.write (pa + os.sep + "edited_metadata.xml")
print fn + "--- sucessfully edited"
2011 年 5 月 16 日更新 重组了一些东西来修复上面提到的“IndexError：从空列表中弹出”错误。意识到替换“attr”标签并不总是一对一的替换。例如。有时源 .xml 有 20 个 attr，而目标 .xml 有 25 个 attr。在这种情况下，一对一的替换会窒息。
无论如何，下面将删除所有 attr，然后替换为源 attr。它还检查另一个标签，如果存在“子类型”，它会将它们添加到 attr 之后，但在“详细”标签内。
再次感谢所有帮助过的人。
import os, sys, glob, re, copy, lxml, xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from lxml import etree
path = r"G:\\63D RRC GIS Data\\metadata\\general\\2010_contract"
#path = r"C:\\temp\python\\xml"
for fn in os.listdir(path):
correct_title = fn.replace ('_', ' ') + " various facilities"
correct_fc_name = fn.replace ('_', ' ')
filepaths = glob.glob(path + os.sep + fn + os.sep + "*overall.xml")
for filepath in filepaths:
print "-----" + fn + "-----"
(pa, filename) = os.path.split(filepath)
xmlatributes = open(pa + os.sep + "attributes.xml")
xmlatributes_txt = xmlatributes.read()
xmltarget = open(pa + os.sep + "base_metadata_overall.xml")
xmltarget_txt = xmltarget.read()
source = lxml.etree.fromstring(xmlatributes_txt)
dest = lxml.etree.fromstring(xmltarget_txt)
replacements = source.xpath('//attr')
replacesubtypes = source.xpath('//subtype')
subtype_true_f = len(replacesubtypes)
attrtag = dest.xpath('//attr')
#print len(attrtag)
num_realatrs = len(replacements)
for n in attrtag:
n.getparent().remove(n)
print n.tag + " removed"
detailedtag = dest.xpath('//detailed')
for n2 in detailedtag:
pos = 0
for realatrs in replacements:
n2.insert(pos + 1, realatrs)
print "attr's replaced"
if subtype_true_f >= 1:
#print subtype_true_f
for realsubtypes in replacesubtypes:
n2.insert(num_realatrs + 1, realsubtypes)
print "subtype's replaced"
tree = ET.ElementTree(dest)
tree.write (pa + os.sep + "base_metadata_overall_v2.xml")
print fn + "--- sucessfully edited"