我目前通过 Windows 子系统为 linux 使用全新安装的 ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS。我使用安装红宝石
sudo apt-get install ruby2.5-dev
我正在尝试使用
gem install rails -v 5.2.3
这给了我一个Gem::FilePermissionError错误，可以通过使用 sudo 来修复，但是网上的多个来源说不要使用 sudo 来安装 gem，尽管它们似乎都在使用 MacOS。
当我忽略它们并尝试使用 sudo 安装时，我得到了这个：
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing rails:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.5.0/gems/nokogiri-1.10.7/ext/nokogiri
/usr/bin/ruby2.5 -r ./siteconf20200123-2772-1f46u2w.rb extconf.rb
checking if the C compiler accepts ... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may
need configuration options.
Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--without-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=/usr/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)2.5
--help
--clean
/usr/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:456:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
from /usr/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:574:in `block in try_compile'
from /usr/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:521:in `with_werror'
from /usr/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:574:in `try_compile'
from extconf.rb:138:in `nokogiri_try_compile'
from extconf.rb:162:in `block in add_cflags'
from /usr/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:632:in `with_cflags'
from extconf.rb:161:in `add_cflags'
from extconf.rb:416:in `<main>'
To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:
/var/lib/gems/2.5.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.5.0/nokogiri-1.10.7/mkmf.log
extconf failed, exit code 1
Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/2.5.0/gems/nokogiri-1.10.7 for inspection.
Results logged to /var/lib/gems/2.5.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.5.0/nokogiri-1.10.7/gem_make.out
如果不是在 Windows 中使用的 exe 文件，我似乎找不到安装“开发工具”的方法，我也不太确定我真正需要什么“开发工具”。
mkmf.log 是这样说的：
"gcc -o conftest -I/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/ruby-2.5.0 -I/usr/include/ruby-2.5.0/ruby/backward -I/usr/include/ruby-2.5.0 -I. -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/ruby2.5-B0MvC_/ruby2.5-2.5.1=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fPIC conftest.c -L. -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu -L. -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -fstack-protector -rdynamic -Wl,-export-dynamic -lruby-2.5 -lpthread -lgmp -ldl -lcrypt -lm -lc "
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: int main(int argc, char **argv)
4: {
5: return 0;
6: }
/* end */
我不知道这意味着什么。任何帮助，将不胜感激。