我正在从 python 中的 imap lib 读取电子邮件，但我正在读取正文部分并将正文部分存储在数据库中，但有时 python 代码在解码正文时返回错误，我正在识别正文的内容类型和字符集，但不明白如何处理所有内容类型和字符集有时会出现 text/plain ，在某些邮件中使用 utf-8 是 ascii/ISO-8859/window-1252。
请帮助我如何处理所有字符集。
仅在需要时才找到我目前用于阅读电子邮件正文的以下代码，我将提供我的所有代码。
预期结果：以 UTF-8 格式转换/处理电子邮件正文的所有字符集，然后以 HTML 格式在门户上显示。
if email_message.is_multipart():
html = None
multipart = True
for part in email_message.walk():
print("%s, %s" % (part.get_content_type(), part.get_content_charset()))
charset = part.get_content_charset()
if part.get_content_charset() is None:
# We cannot know the character set, so return decoded "something"
text = part.get_payload(decode=True)
continue
if part.get_content_type() == 'text/plain' and part.get_content_charset() == 'utf-8':
# print('text--->1')
text = str(part.get_payload(decode=True))
# text = html.decode("utf-8")
# print(part.get_payload(decode=True))
if part.get_content_type() == 'text/plain' and part.get_content_charset() != 'utf-8':
# print('text--->2')
html = part.get_payload(decode=True)
# text1 = html.decode("utf-8")
text1 = html.decode(part.get_content_charset()).encode('utf8')
if part.get_content_type() == 'text/html' and part.get_content_charset() != 'windows-1252':
html = part.get_payload(decode=True)
# text1 = html.decode("utf-8")
text1 = html.decode(part.get_content_charset()).encode('utf8')
if part.get_content_type() == 'text/html' and part.get_content_charset() == 'windows-1252':
html = part.get_payload(decode=True)
text1 = html.decode("cp1252")
# if part.get_content_type() == 'text/html' and part.get_content_charset() == 'windows-1252':
# html = part.get_payload(decode=True)
# text1 = html.decode("latin-1")
# if text is not None:
# print(text.strip())
# prin('Rahul')
# else:
# print("text") # print( html.strip())
# print(text1.strip())
# print("text1")
# print(text1)
imageCount = 0
imageKey = ''
json_data = {}
filedata = {}
mydict1 = ''
value = ''
params = ''
filename = ''
newFileName = ''
for part in email_message.walk():
if part.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart':
continue
if part.get('Content-Disposition') is None:
continue
if part.get_content_type() == 'message/rfc822':
part_string = (bytes(str(part), 'utf-8'))
# part_string = bytes(str(part.get_payload(0)),'utf-8')
print('EML Part')
print(part_string)
filename = part.get_filename()
# filename = filename.replace('\r', '').replace('\n', '')
# print(part_string)
# print(('attachment wala'))
else:
part_string = part.get_payload(decode=True)
# print(part_string)
# print(('attachment wala'))
filename = part.get_filename()
# filename = filename.replace('\r', '').replace('\n', '')
if filename is not None:
filepart = []
try:
decodefile = email.header.decode_header(filename)
print('decodefile')
print(decodefile)
except HeaderParseError:
return filename
#
for line1, encoding1 in decodefile:
enc = 'utf-8'
# print(encoding)
if encoding1 is not None: # else encoding
print(type(line1))
filepart.append((line1.decode(encoding1)))
print('line')
print(line1)
print(filepart)
filename = ''.join(filepart)[:1023]
else:
filename = filename
dot_position = filename.rfind('.')
file_prefix = filename[0: dot_position]
file_suffix = filename[dot_position: len(filename)]
print(filename)
print(file_prefix)
print(file_suffix)
# filename = filename.decode('utf-8')
# subject = ''
file_prefix = file_prefix.replace('/', '_')
now = datetime.datetime.now()
timestamp = str(now.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f"))
print('timestamp--->')
print(timestamp)
newFileName = file_prefix + "_" + timestamp + file_suffix
newFileName = newFileName.replace('\r', '').replace('\n', '').replace(',', '')
filename = filename.replace('\r', '').replace('\n', '').replace(',', '')
sv_path = os.path.join(svdir, newFileName)
mydict = filename + '$$' + newFileName
mydict1 = mydict1 + ',' + mydict
# print(mydict1)
value, params = cgi.parse_header(part.get('Content-Disposition'))
print(value)
if value == 'inline':
imageCount = imageCount + 1
print("newFileName-->" + newFileName)
filedata[imageCount] = newFileName
print(filedata)
json_data = (filedata)
# inlineImages = inlineImages + ',' + newFileName + '{{' + str(imageCount) + '}}'
# print(json_data)
# print('TYPE-->')
# print(type(raw_email))
# print(type(part.get_payload(decode=1)))
# if type(part.get_payload(decode=1)) is None:
# print('message Type')
if not os.path.isfile(sv_path):
# print('rahul1')
try:
fp = open(sv_path, 'wb')
fp.write(part_string)
fp.close()
except TypeError:
pass
fp.close()
else:
print("%s, %s" % (email_message.get_content_type(), email_message.get_content_charset()))
if email_message.get_content_charset() is None:
# We cannot know the character set, so return decoded "something"
text = email_message.get_payload(decode=True)
continue
if email_message.get_content_type() == 'text/plain' and email_message.get_content_charset() == 'utf-8':
print('text--->1')
text = str(email_message.get_payload(decode=True))
# text = html.decode("utf-8")
# print(part.get_payload(decode=True))
if email_message.get_content_type() == 'text/plain' and email_message.get_content_charset() != 'utf-8':
print('text--->2')
html = email_message.get_payload(decode=True)
# text1 = html.decode("utf-8")
text1 = html.decode(email_message.get_content_charset()).encode('utf8')
if email_message.get_content_type() == 'text/html' and email_message.get_content_charset() != 'windows-1252':
html = email_message.get_payload(decode=True)
# text1 = html.decode("utf-8")
text1 = html.decode(email_message.get_content_charset()).encode('utf8')
if email_message.get_content_type() == 'text/html' and email_message.get_content_charset() == 'windows-1252':
html = email_message.get_payload(decode=True)
text1 = html.decode("cp1252")