我正在寻找快速/简单的方法来将给定的 IP4 点四 IP 与 CIDR 符号掩码匹配。
我有一堆 IP，我需要查看它们是否与一系列 IP 匹配。
例子：
$ips = array('10.2.1.100', '10.2.1.101', '10.5.1.100', '1.2.3.4');
foreach ($ips as $IP) {
if (cidr_match($IP, '10.2.0.0/16') == true) {
print "you're in the 10.2 subnet\n";
}
}
会是什么样cidr_match()子？
它并不一定很简单，但快速会很好。任何仅使用内置/常用功能的东西都是一种奖励（因为我可能会让一个人在 pear 中向我展示这样做的东西，但我不能依赖 pear 或安装在我的代码所在的位置的那个包部署）。
如果只使用 IPv4：
ip2long()将 IP 和子网范围转换为长整数像这样的东西应该工作：
function cidr_match($ip, $range)
{
list ($subnet, $bits) = explode('/', $range);
if ($bits === null) {
$bits = 32;
}
$ip = ip2long($ip);
$subnet = ip2long($subnet);
$mask = -1 << (32 - $bits);
$subnet &= $mask; # nb: in case the supplied subnet wasn't correctly aligned
return ($ip & $mask) == $subnet;
}
在类似的情况下，我最终使用了 symfony/http-foundation。
使用此包时，您的代码将如下所示：
$ips = array('10.2.1.100', '10.2.1.101', '10.5.1.100', '1.2.3.4');
foreach($ips as $IP) {
if (\Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\IpUtils::checkIp($IP, '10.2.0.0/16')) {
print "you're in the 10.2 subnet\n";
}
}
它还处理 IPv6。
我发现许多这些方法在 PHP 5.2 之后就失效了。但是，以下解决方案适用于 5.2 及更高版本：
function cidr_match($ip, $cidr)
{
list($subnet, $mask) = explode('/', $cidr);
if ((ip2long($ip) & ~((1 << (32 - $mask)) - 1) ) == ip2long($subnet))
{
return true;
}
return false;
}
示例结果
cidr_match("1.2.3.4", "0.0.0.0/0"): 真
cidr_match("127.0.0.1", "127.0.0.1/32"): 真
cidr_match("127.0.0.1", "127.0.0.2/32"): 假
一些功能改变：
function cidr_match($ip, $range)
{
list ($subnet, $bits) = explode('/', $range);
$ip = ip2long($ip);
$subnet = ip2long($subnet);
$mask = -1 << (32 - $bits);
$subnet &= $mask;
return ($ip & $mask) == $subnet;
}
这是一个快速的 64 位函数，请注释您不需要的返回行。接受任何有效的 IPv4，无论是否带有有效的 CIDR 路由前缀，例如 63.161.156.0/24或63.161.156.0
<?php
function cidr2range($ipv4){
if ($ip=strpos($ipv4,'/'))
{$n_ip=(1<<(32-substr($ipv4,1+$ip)))-1; $ip_dec=ip2long(substr($ipv4,0,$ip)); }
else
{$n_ip=0; $ip_dec=ip2long($ipv4); }
$ip_min=$ip_dec&~$n_ip;
$ip_max=$ip_min+$n_ip;
#Array(2) of Decimal Values Range
return [$ip_min,$ip_max];
#Array(2) of Ipv4 Human Readable Range
return [long2ip($ip_min),long2ip($ip_max)];
#Array(2) of Ipv4 and Subnet Range
return [long2ip($ip_min),long2ip(~$n_ip)];
#Array(2) of Ipv4 and Wildcard Bits
return [long2ip($ip_min),long2ip($n_ip)];
#Integer Number of Ipv4 in Range
return ++$n_ip;
}
要快速检查给定的ipv4 是否与给定的 CIDR 匹配，您可以像本例中那样内联
<?php
$given_cidr='55.55.55.0/24';
$given_ipv4='55.55.55.55';
if(($range=cidr2range($given_cidr)) &&
($check=ip2long($given_ipv4))!==false &&
$check>=$range[0] && $check<=$range[1])
{
echo 'Yes, '.$given_ipv4.' is included in '.$given_cidr;
}
else
{
echo 'No, '.$given_ipv4.' is not included in '.$given_cidr;
}
要将完整范围作为给定 IP 的数组（带或不带 CIDR 路由前缀），您可以使用以下代码，但要小心，因为例如 25.25.25.25/16 返回一个包含 65536 个元素的数组，您可以轻松用完使用较小路由前缀的内存
<?php
$result=cidr2range($ipv4);
for($ip_dec=$result[0];$ip_dec<=$result[1];$ip_dec++)
$full_range[$ip_dec]=long2ip($ip_dec);
print_r($full_range);
快速检查给定的ipv4 是否与给定的 IP 数组匹配（带或不带 CIDR 路由前缀）
<?php
#This code is checking if a given ip belongs to googlebot
$given_ipv4='74.125.61.208';
$given_cidr_array=['108.59.93.43/32','108.59.93.40/31','108.59.93.44/30','108.59.93.32/29','108.59.93.48/28','108.59.93.0/27','108.59.93.64/26','108.59.93.192/26','108.59.92.192/27','108.59.92.128/26','108.59.92.96/27','108.59.92.0/27','108.59.94.208/29','108.59.94.192/28','108.59.94.240/28','108.59.94.128/26','108.59.94.16/29','108.59.94.0/28','108.59.94.32/27','108.59.94.64/26','108.59.95.0/24','108.59.88.0/22','108.59.81.0/27','108.59.80.0/24','108.59.82.0/23','108.59.84.0/22','108.170.217.128/28','108.170.217.160/27','108.170.217.192/26','108.170.217.0/25','108.170.216.0/24','108.170.218.0/23','108.170.220.0/22','108.170.208.0/21','108.170.192.0/20','108.170.224.0/19','108.177.0.0/17','104.132.0.0/14','104.154.0.0/15','104.196.0.0/14','107.167.160.0/19','107.178.192.0/18','125.17.82.112/30','125.16.7.72/30','74.125.0.0/16','72.14.192.0/18','77.109.131.208/28','77.67.50.32/27','66.102.0.0/20','66.227.77.144/29','66.249.64.0/19','67.148.177.136/29','64.124.98.104/29','64.71.148.240/29','64.68.64.64/26','64.68.80.0/20','64.41.221.192/28','64.41.146.208/28','64.9.224.0/19','64.233.160.0/19','65.171.1.144/28','65.170.13.0/28','65.167.144.64/28','65.220.13.0/24','65.216.183.0/24','70.32.132.0/23','70.32.128.0/22','70.32.136.0/21','70.32.144.0/20','85.182.250.128/26','85.182.250.0/25','80.239.168.192/26','80.149.20.0/25','61.246.224.136/30','61.246.190.124/30','63.237.119.112/29','63.226.245.56/29','63.158.137.224/29','63.166.17.128/25','63.161.156.0/24','63.88.22.0/23','41.206.188.128/26','12.234.149.240/29','12.216.80.0/24','8.34.217.24/29','8.34.217.0/28','8.34.217.32/27','8.34.217.64/26','8.34.217.128/25','8.34.216.0/24','8.34.218.0/23','8.34.220.0/22','8.34.208.128/29','8.34.208.144/28','8.34.208.160/27','8.34.208.192/26','8.34.208.0/25','8.34.209.0/24','8.34.210.0/23','8.34.212.0/22','8.35.195.128/28','8.35.195.160/27','8.35.195.192/26','8.35.195.0/25','8.35.194.0/24','8.35.192.0/23','8.35.196.0/22','8.35.200.0/21','8.8.8.0/24','8.8.4.0/24','8.6.48.0/21','4.3.2.0/24','23.236.48.0/20','23.251.128.0/19','216.239.32.0/19','216.252.220.0/22','216.136.145.128/27','216.33.229.160/29','216.33.229.144/29','216.34.7.176/28','216.58.192.0/19','216.109.75.80/28','216.74.130.48/28','216.74.153.0/27','217.118.234.96/28','208.46.199.160/29','208.44.48.240/29','208.21.209.0/28','208.184.125.240/28','209.185.108.128/25','209.85.128.0/17','213.200.103.128/26','213.200.99.192/26','213.155.151.128/26','199.192.112.224/29','199.192.112.192/27','199.192.112.128/26','199.192.112.0/25','199.192.113.176/28','199.192.113.128/27','199.192.113.192/26','199.192.113.0/25','199.192.115.80/28','199.192.115.96/27','199.192.115.0/28','199.192.115.128/25','199.192.114.192/26','199.192.114.0/25','199.223.232.0/21','198.108.100.192/28','195.16.45.144/29','192.104.160.0/23','192.158.28.0/22','192.178.0.0/15','206.160.135.240/28','207.223.160.0/20','203.222.167.144/28','173.255.125.72/29','173.255.125.80/28','173.255.125.96/27','173.255.125.0/27','173.255.125.128/25','173.255.124.240/29','173.255.124.232/29','173.255.124.192/27','173.255.124.128/29','173.255.124.144/28','173.255.124.160/27','173.255.124.48/29','173.255.124.32/28','173.255.124.0/27','173.255.124.64/26','173.255.126.0/23','173.255.122.128/26','173.255.122.64/26','173.255.123.0/24','173.255.121.128/26','173.255.121.0/25','173.255.120.0/24','173.255.117.32/27','173.255.117.64/26','173.255.117.128/25','173.255.116.192/27','173.255.116.128/26','173.255.116.0/25','173.255.118.0/23','173.255.112.0/22','173.194.0.0/16','172.102.8.0/21','172.253.0.0/16','172.217.0.0/16','162.216.148.0/22','162.222.176.0/21','180.87.33.64/26','128.177.109.0/26','128.177.119.128/25','128.177.163.0/25','130.211.0.0/16','142.250.0.0/15','146.148.0.0/17'];
echo '<pre>';
$in_range=false;
if (($given_ipv4_dec=ip2long($given_ipv4))!==false)
{
foreach($given_cidr_array as $given_cidr){
if(($range=cidr2range($given_cidr)) &&
$given_ipv4_dec>=$range[0] && $given_ipv4_dec<=$range[1])
{
$in_range=true;
echo $given_ipv4.' matched '.$given_cidr.' ('.join(array_map('long2ip',$range),' - ').")\n";
}
}
}
echo $given_ipv4.' is probably'.($in_range?'':' not').' a Googlebot IP';
为了快速运行，该函数不检查输入，但正式它应该是与以下正则表达式匹配的字符串
#^(?:((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))\.((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))\.((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))\.((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))(?:/((?:(?:0)|(?:3[0-2])|(?:[1-2]?[0-9]))))?)$#
如果要在使用函数之前验证输入
<?php
if (is_string($ipv4) && preg_match('#^(?:((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))\.((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))\.((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))\.((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))(?:/((?:(?:0)|(?:3[0-2])|(?:[1-2]?[0-9]))))?)$#',$ipv4))
{
#This is a valid ipv4 with or without CIDR Routing Prefix
$result=cidr2range($ipv4);
print_r($result);
}
那么您问题的正式答案如下
<?php
#Requiring cidr2range shown above function
function cidr_match($mixed_ip,$mixed_cidr){
if (!is_array($mixed_ip)){
$string_mode=true;
$mixed_ip=[$mixed_ip=>0];
}
else $mixed_ip=array_fill_keys($mixed_ip,0);
if (!is_array($mixed_cidr)) $mixed_cidr=[$mixed_cidr];
foreach($mixed_ip as $ip => &$result)
foreach($mixed_cidr as $cidr)
{
if(($range=cidr2range($cidr)) &&
($check=ip2long($ip))!==false &&
$check>=$range[0] && $check<=$range[1]){
$result=$cidr;
break;
}
}
$mixed_ip=array_filter($mixed_ip);
return $string_mode?($mixed_ip?true:false):$mixed_ip;
}
print '<pre>';
#Your example
$ips = array('10.2.1.100', '10.2.1.101', '10.5.1.100', '1.2.3.4');
foreach ($ips as $IP) {
if (cidr_match($IP, '10.2.0.0/16') == true) {
print "you're in the 10.2 subnet\n";
}
}
#Also working with IP array and/or CIDR array
#If IP array is given then return an array containing IP (keys) matching CIDR (values)
$result=cidr_match($ips,['20.2.0.0/16','10.2.0.0/15']);
foreach($result as $ip => $cidr){
print "$ip is in the $cidr subnet\n";
}
您可以使用这些示例编译您自己的函数，希望这几行代码对您有所帮助……</p>
我的技术使用子网和掩码进行位对位匹配。
function cidr_match($ip, $range){
list ($subnet, $bits) = explode('/', $range);
$ip = substr(IP2bin($ip),0,$bits) ;
$subnet = substr(IP2Bin($subnet),0,$bits) ;
return ($ip == $subnet) ;
}
function IP2Bin($ip){
$ipbin = '';
$ips = explode(".",$ip) ;
foreach ($ips as $iptmp){
$ipbin .= sprintf("%08b",$iptmp) ;
}
return $ipbin ;
}
我还需要针对 CIDR 掩码测试 IP。我找到了一个很好的解释和源代码的网站，效果很好。
该网站http://pgregg.com/blog/2009/04/php-algorithms-determining-if-an-ip-is-within-a-specific-range/
因为网站有一天可能不复存在，这里是代码
<?php
/*
* ip_in_range.php - Function to determine if an IP is located in a
* specific range as specified via several alternative
* formats.
*
* Network ranges can be specified as:
* 1. Wildcard format: 1.2.3.*
* 2. CIDR format: 1.2.3/24 OR 1.2.3.4/255.255.255.0
* 3. Start-End IP format: 1.2.3.0-1.2.3.255
*
* Return value BOOLEAN : ip_in_range($ip, $range);
*
* Copyright 2008: Paul Gregg <pgregg@pgregg.com>
* 10 January 2008
* Version: 1.2
*
* Source website: http://www.pgregg.com/projects/php/ip_in_range/
* Version 1.2
*
* This software is Donationware - if you feel you have benefited from
* the use of this tool then please consider a donation. The value of
* which is entirely left up to your discretion.
* http://www.pgregg.com/donate/
*
* Please do not remove this header, or source attibution from this file.
*/
// decbin32
// In order to simplify working with IP addresses (in binary) and their
// netmasks, it is easier to ensure that the binary strings are padded
// with zeros out to 32 characters - IP addresses are 32 bit numbers
Function decbin32 ($dec) {
return str_pad(decbin($dec), 32, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
}
// ip_in_range
// This function takes 2 arguments, an IP address and a "range" in several
// different formats.
// Network ranges can be specified as:
// 1. Wildcard format: 1.2.3.*
// 2. CIDR format: 1.2.3/24 OR 1.2.3.4/255.255.255.0
// 3. Start-End IP format: 1.2.3.0-1.2.3.255
// The function will return true if the supplied IP is within the range.
// Note little validation is done on the range inputs - it expects you to
// use one of the above 3 formats.
Function ip_in_range($ip, $range) {
if (strpos($range, '/') !== false) {
// $range is in IP/NETMASK format
list($range, $netmask) = explode('/', $range, 2);
if (strpos($netmask, '.') !== false) {
// $netmask is a 255.255.0.0 format
$netmask = str_replace('*', '0', $netmask);
$netmask_dec = ip2long($netmask);
return ( (ip2long($ip) & $netmask_dec) == (ip2long($range) & $netmask_dec) );
} else {
// $netmask is a CIDR size block
// fix the range argument
$x = explode('.', $range);
while(count($x)<4) $x[] = '0';
list($a,$b,$c,$d) = $x;
$range = sprintf("%u.%u.%u.%u", empty($a)?'0':$a, empty($b)?'0':$b,empty($c)?'0':$c,empty($d)?'0':$d);
$range_dec = ip2long($range);
$ip_dec = ip2long($ip);
# Strategy 1 - Create the netmask with 'netmask' 1s and then fill it to 32 with 0s
#$netmask_dec = bindec(str_pad('', $netmask, '1') . str_pad('', 32-$netmask, '0'));
# Strategy 2 - Use math to create it
$wildcard_dec = pow(2, (32-$netmask)) - 1;
$netmask_dec = ~ $wildcard_dec;
return (($ip_dec & $netmask_dec) == ($range_dec & $netmask_dec));
}
} else {
// range might be 255.255.*.* or 1.2.3.0-1.2.3.255
if (strpos($range, '*') !==false) { // a.b.*.* format
// Just convert to A-B format by setting * to 0 for A and 255 for B
$lower = str_replace('*', '0', $range);
$upper = str_replace('*', '255', $range);
$range = "$lower-$upper";
}
if (strpos($range, '-')!==false) { // A-B format
list($lower, $upper) = explode('-', $range, 2);
$lower_dec = (float)sprintf("%u",ip2long($lower));
$upper_dec = (float)sprintf("%u",ip2long($upper));
$ip_dec = (float)sprintf("%u",ip2long($ip));
return ( ($ip_dec>=$lower_dec) && ($ip_dec<=$upper_dec) );
}
echo 'Range argument is not in 1.2.3.4/24 or 1.2.3.4/255.255.255.0 format';
return false;
}
}
?>
（我没有开发这个；这是由 Paul Gregg 开发的（http://pgregg.com/）
我最近需要将 IP 地址与 CIDR 掩码相匹配，并偶然发现了这篇文章。下面是基于上述想法的稍微不同的方法，包括对 CIDR 输入的检查。如果提交的 CIDR 格式不正确，该函数将返回 false。
我为任何需要经过测试的交钥匙功能的人发布了这个解决方案。
/**
* Validates subnet specified by CIDR notation.of the form IP address followed by
* a '/' character and a decimal number specifying the length, in bits, of the subnet
* mask or routing prefix (number from 0 to 32).
*
* @param $ip - IP address to check
* @param $cidr - IP address range in CIDR notation for check
* @return bool - true match found otherwise false
*/
function cidr_match($ip, $cidr) {
$outcome = false;
$pattern = '/^(([01]?\d?\d|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5])\.){3}([01]?\d?\d|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5])\/(\d{1}|[0-2]{1}\d{1}|3[0-2])$/';
if (preg_match($pattern, $cidr)){
list($subnet, $mask) = explode('/', $cidr);
if (ip2long($ip) >> (32 - $mask) == ip2long($subnet) >> (32 - $mask)) {
$outcome = true;
}
}
return $outcome;
}
测试数据如下图所示：
function cidr_match($ipStr, $cidrStr) {
$ip = ip2long($ipStr);
$cidrArr = split('/',$cidrStr);
$maskIP = ip2long($cidrArr[0]);
$maskBits = 32 - $cidrArr[1];
return (($ip>>$maskBits) == ($maskIP>>$maskBits));
}
请注意，Alnitak 的答案适用于 32/64 位。
这是它的一个熟版，用于基于您可以随处获得的国家 IP 列表的快速垃圾邮件保护。google 国家/地区 ip 列表或国家/地区 ip 块（必须在这里给出一个，真的很难在该网站页面导航中找到它：国家/地区 ip 块生成器）
将您的 cidr ip 列表复制粘贴到字符串 $cidrs。并将此代码放在页面 html 之前，可能在 header.php 文件中。
也可用于根据国家/地区过滤页面模板中的 Adsense 使用。
这只是一个半夜紧急的解决方案。有时需要在昨天快速为客户想出类似的东西，所以就在这里。
//++++++++++++++++++++++
//COUNTRY SPAM PROTECTOR
//speed: ~5ms @ 2000 cidrs
//comments start with #
//++++++++++++++++++++++
$cidrs=
'
#yourcountry
1.3.4.5/21
#mycountry
6.7.8.9/20
';
//$cidrs.="\n".'123.12.12.12/32';//test, your ip
$cidrs_ar=preg_split('/\s+/',$cidrs,-1,PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
$ip=@$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
$iplong=ip2long($ip);
//var_export($cidrs_ar);var_export($ip);var_export($iplong);
if($iplong)
foreach($cidrs_ar as $cidr)
{
$ar=explode ('/', $cidr);
$netiplong=ip2long($ar[0]);
if($netiplong===false) continue;
$mask=intval(@$ar[1]);
if(!$mask) continue;
$bitmask=-1 <<(32-$mask);
if(($iplong & $bitmask) == ($netiplong & $bitmask))
{
header('Location: http://www.someotherwebsite.com/',true,303);
exit;
}
}
您还可以使用Net_IPv4 PEAR 库。
function cidr_match($ip, $net){
include_once("Net/IPv4.php");
$objIP = new Net_IPv4();
return $objIP->ipInNetwork($ip, $net);
}
也许它对某人有用。
将位掩码转换为 IP 掩码：
// convert 12 => 255.240.0.0
// ip2long('255.255.255.255') == -1
$ip = long2ip((-1 << (32 - $bit)) & -1);
将 IP 掩码转换为位掩码：
// convert 255.240.0.0 => 12
// is valid IP
if (filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_IPV4) === false) {
throw new \InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('Invalid IP "%s".', $ip));
}
// convert decimal to binary
$mask = '';
foreach (explode('.', $ip) as $octet) {
$mask .= str_pad(decbin($octet), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
}
// check mask
if (strpos('01', $mask) !== false) {
// valid 11111111111111111111111100000000 -> 255.255.255.0
// invalid 11111111111111111111111100000001 -> 255.255.255.1
throw new \InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('IP mask "%s" is not valid.', $ip));
}
$bit = substr_count($mask, '1'); // bit mask
我想让你看看我的几行。人们在我之前提出的例子似乎不起作用。据我了解，一个原因是 CIDR 掩码位是二进制数，因此必须对二进制数进行位移。我尝试将长 IP 转换为二进制文件，但遇到了最大二进制数限制。好的，这是我的几行...我等待您的评论。
function cidr_match($ipStr, $cidrStr) {
$ipStr = explode('.', $ipStr);
foreach ($ipStr as $key => $val) {
$ipStr[$key] = str_pad(decbin($val), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
}
$ip = '';
foreach ($ipStr as $binval) {
$ip = $ip . $binval;
}
$cidrArr = explode('/',$cidrStr);
$maskIP = explode('.', $cidrArr[0]);
foreach ($maskIP as $key => $val) {
$maskIP[$key] = str_pad(decbin($val), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
}
$maskIP = '';
foreach ($ipStr as $binval) {
$maskIP = $maskIP . $binval;
}
$maskBits = 32 - $cidrArr[1];
return (($ip>>$maskBits) == ($maskIP>>$maskBits));
}