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我正在尝试在 Ubuntu 18.04 上将 VAAPI 与 Gstreamer 一起使用来编码 H.264。我很确定我已经安装了所有必要的软件包（gstreamer1.0-vaapi, vainfo, i965-va-driver以及所有依赖项）。

VAAPI 已启用并且可以工作：

 $ vainfo
libva info: VA-API version 1.1.0
libva info: va_getDriverName() returns 0
libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/i965_drv_video.so
libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_1_1
libva info: va_openDriver() returns 0
vainfo: VA-API version: 1.1 (libva 2.1.0)
vainfo: Driver version: Intel i965 driver for Intel(R) Haswell Mobile - 2.1.0
vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints
      VAProfileMPEG2Simple            : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileMPEG2Simple            : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileMPEG2Main              : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileMPEG2Main              : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileH264Main               : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileH264Main               : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileH264High               : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileH264High               : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileH264MultiviewHigh      : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileH264MultiviewHigh      : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileH264StereoHigh         : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileH264StereoHigh         : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileVC1Simple              : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileVC1Main                : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileVC1Advanced            : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileNone                   : VAEntrypointVideoProc
      VAProfileJPEGBaseline           : VAEntrypointVLD

所以VAAPI在那里并且支持H.264。Gstreamer 还具有 VAAPI 支持：

$ gst-inspect-1.0 vaapi
Plugin Details:
  Name                     vaapi
  Description              VA-API based elements
  Filename                 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gstreamer-1.0/libgstvaapi.so
  Version                  1.14.5
  License                  LGPL
  Source module            gstreamer-vaapi
  Source release date      2019-05-29
  Binary package           gstreamer-vaapi
  Origin URL               http://bugzilla.gnome.org/enter_bug.cgi?product=GStreamer

  vaapisink: VA-API sink
  vaapidecodebin: VA-API Decode Bin
  vaapipostproc: VA-API video postprocessing
  vaapimpeg2dec: VA-API MPEG2 decoder

  4 features:
  +-- 4 elements

然而，明显缺席的是vaapih264enc。AFAICT 它甚至被编译到包中：

$ strings /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gstreamer-1.0/libgstvaapi.so | grep h264
gst_h264_nal_parser_free
gst_h264_parser_parse_sps
[...]
vaapih264feienc
vaapih264enc
video/x-h264
[...]

那么我需要做什么才能真正启用相应的 Gstreamer 元素呢？

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