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Hey, I'm AI Student and gonna try my homework that is implementation of A* algorithm in order to traversal a graph. i use c++ codes and what i made for now is below code which is only a Graph class + insertedge and vertices functions. but now i'm confused of how to define cost function (f= h(n) + g(n)) ...

also any code refrence or explain of how A* works for graphs would help me . what i found in google was about pathfinding via a* and it has nothing with traversal graph.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Graph;
class node {
    friend class Graph;
private:
    char data;
    int cost;
    node *next;
    node *vlist;
    bool goal;
    bool visited;
public:
    node(char d,int c, bool g){
        cost = c;
        goal = g;
        next = NULL;
        data = d;
        vlist = NULL;
        visited = false;
    }
};

class Graph {
private:
    node *Headnodes;
    char n;
public:
    Graph ()
    {
        Headnodes = NULL;
    }
    void InsertVertex(char n, int c, bool g);
    void InsertEdge(char n, char m, int c);
    void PrintVertices();
    void Expand(char n);
};

/////////////////
//  INSERTION  //
/////////////////
void Graph::InsertVertex(char n, int c, bool g){
    node *temp = new node(n,c,g);
    if(Headnodes==NULL)
    {
        Headnodes=temp;
        return;
    }

    node *t=Headnodes;
    while(t->vlist!=NULL)
        t=t->vlist;
    t->vlist=temp;
}

void Graph::InsertEdge(char n, char m, int c){
    int temp_cost = 0;
    if(Headnodes==NULL)
        return;

    node *x=Headnodes;
    while(x!=NULL){
        if(x->data==m)
            temp_cost = (x->cost+c);
        x = x->vlist;
    }
    node *t=Headnodes;
    node *temp=new node(m,temp_cost,false);

    while(t!=NULL){
        if(t->data==n){
            node *s=t;
            while(s->next!=NULL)
                s=s->next;
            s->next=temp;
        }
        t=t->vlist;
    }
}

int min_cost = 1000;
bool enough = false;
void Graph::PrintVertices(){
    node *t=Headnodes;
    while(t!=NULL){
        cout<<t->data<<"\t";
        t=t->vlist;
    }
}

void Graph::Expand(char n){
    cout << n << "\t";
    char temp_min;
    node *t=Headnodes;
    while(t!=NULL){
        if(t->data==n && t->visited == false){
            t->visited = true;
            if (t->goal)
                return;
            while(t->next!=NULL){
                if (t->next->cost <= min_cost){
                    min_cost=t->next->cost;
                    temp_min = t->next->data;
                }
                t = t->next;
            }
        }
        t=t->vlist;
    }
    Expand(temp_min);
}

int main(){
    Graph g;
    g.InsertVertex('A',5,false);
    g.InsertVertex('B',1,false);
    g.InsertVertex('C',9,false);
    g.InsertVertex('D',5,false);
    g.InsertVertex('E',1,false);
    g.InsertVertex('F',3,false);
    g.InsertVertex('G',2,false);
    g.InsertVertex('J',1,false);
    g.InsertVertex('K',0,true);

    g.InsertEdge('A','B',2);
    g.InsertEdge('A','C',1);
    g.InsertEdge('B','A',2);
    g.InsertEdge('B','D',1);
    g.InsertEdge('B','E',1);
    g.InsertEdge('C','A',1);
    g.InsertEdge('C','F',1);
    g.InsertEdge('C','G',1);
    g.InsertEdge('E','J',3);
    g.InsertEdge('E','K',3);

    g.PrintVertices();

    cout<<"\n\n";
    g.Expand('A');

    return 0;
}
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1 回答 1

5

你所拥有的只是一个图搜索算法。

您忘记了 A* 算法的本质,即h(n)成本,它来自启发式计算。

你必须实现一个方法,h(n),它将根据你的启发式计算从实际路径到最终路径的可能成本,这个值将用于计算步行成本:

f'(n) = g(n) + h'(n)g(n)是已知的成本,在您的情况下,x->cost

g(n) 是从起始位置到当前位置所花费的总距离成本。

h'(n) 是从当前位置到目标目的地/状态的估计距离成本。启发式函数用于创建关于到达目标状态需要多远的估计。

f'(n) 是 g(n) 和 h'(n) 的总和。这是当前估计的最短路径。f(n) 是真正的最短路径,直到 A* 算法完成才被发现。

所以,你必须做的:

  • 实现一个方法 heuristic_cost(actual_node, final_node);
  • 将此值与实际成本一起使用,例如前面的等式: min_cost=t->next->cost + heuristic_cost(t->next, final_node) ;

我真的很喜欢这里的解释:http ://www.policyalmanac.org/games/aStarTutorial.htm ,比维基百科的解释更清晰。

于 2011-05-03T10:36:33.593 回答