在我看来,您正在尝试实现原型继承。下面是一个经典的例子,虽然用的不多。javascript 中不需要复杂的继承,通常只需要一个实例即可。如果需要多个实例,模块模式可以与共享方法和属性的闭包一起使用,也可以提供私有和特权成员。
// Person is the "base class"
function Person(name) {
this.setName(name);
}
// Use setters and getters so properties are
// added appropriately.
Person.prototype.setName = function(name) {
this.name = name;
}
// Add Person methods
Person.prototype.getName = function() {
return this.name;
}
// Student inherits from Person and also has
// its own methods
function Student(name, id) {
this.setId(id);
this.setName(name);
}
// To inherit from Person, Student.prototype should
// be an instance of Person
Student.prototype = new Person();
// Add Student methods
Student.prototype.setId = function(id) {
this.id = id;
}
Student.prototype.getId = function() {
return this.id;
}
var p0 = new Student('Sally', '1234');
var p1 = new Person('James');
alert('p0\'s id is ' + p0.id + ' and name is: ' + p0.name);
alert('p1\'s name is: ' + p1.name);
alert('Is p0 a student? ' + (p0 instanceof Student));
alert('Is p1 a student? ' + (p1 instanceof Student));
请注意,instanceof运算符不是很可靠,但在上述情况下可以正常工作。此外,所有方法和属性都是公共的,因此很容易被覆盖。