根据我对 OpenGL 的有限经验。
我想将 SSAO 应用于天空盒，但 nanosuit（我使用的 OBJ 对象）不显示蚂蚁纹理（颜色）。我的错误例子
我在网上找了很久。但是没有用。请帮助或尝试提供一些想法如何实现这一目标。
这是我的一些代码：
main.cpp中的一些
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)){
float currentTime = glfwGetTime();
deltaTime = currentTime - lastTime;
lastTime = currentTime;
DoMovement();
glClearColor(0.1f, 0.1f, 0.1f, 1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glViewport(0, 0, screenWidth, screenHeight);
glm::mat4 projection = glm::perspective(glm::radians(camera.GetZoom()), (float)WIDTH / (float)HEIGHT, 0.1f, 100.0f);
glm::mat4 view = camera.GetViewMatrix();
glm::mat4 model = glm::mat4(1.0f);
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, gBuffer);
projection = glm::perspective(glm::radians(camera.GetZoom()), (float)WIDTH / (float)HEIGHT, 0.1f, 100.0f);
view = camera.GetViewMatrix();
model = glm::mat4(1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
shader.Use();
model = glm::mat4(1.0f);
model = glm::translate(model, glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 5.0));
model = glm::rotate(model, glm::radians(-90.0f), glm::vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0));
model = glm::scale(model, glm::vec3(0.5f));
shader.setMat4("view", view);
shader.setMat4("projection", projection);
shader.setMat4("model",model);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, cubemapTexture);
shader.setVec3("cameraPos", camera.GetPosition());
ourModel.Draw(shader);
glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);
shaderGeometryPass.Use();
shaderGeometryPass.setMat4("projection", projection);
shaderGeometryPass.setMat4("view", view);
// room cube
model = glm::mat4(1.0f);
model = glm::translate(model, glm::vec3(0.0, 7.0f, 0.0f));
model = glm::scale(model, glm::vec3(7.5f, 7.5f, 7.5f));
shaderGeometryPass.setMat4("model", model);
shaderGeometryPass.setInt("invertedNormals", 1); // invert normals as we're inside the cube
renderCube(cubemapTexture);
shaderGeometryPass.setInt("invertedNormals", 0);
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
// 2. generate SSAO texture
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, ssaoFBO);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
shaderSSAO.Use();
// Send kernel + rotation
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 64; ++i)
shaderSSAO.setVec3("samples[" + std::to_string(i) + "]", ssaoKernel[i]);
shaderSSAO.setMat4("projection", projection);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gPosition);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gNormal);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE2);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, noiseTexture);
renderQuad();
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
// 3. blur SSAO texture to remove noise
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, ssaoBlurFBO);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
shaderSSAOBlur.Use();
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, ssaoColorBuffer);
renderQuad();
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
// 4. lighting pass: traditional deferred Blinn-Phong lighting with added screen-space ambient occlusion
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
shaderLightingPass.Use();
// send light relevant uniforms
glm::vec3 lightPosView = glm::vec3(camera.GetViewMatrix() * glm::vec4(lightPos, 1.0));
shaderLightingPass.setVec3("light.Position", lightPosView);
shaderLightingPass.setVec3("light.Color", lightColor);
// Update attenuation parameters
const float linear = 0.09;
const float quadratic = 0.0032;
shaderLightingPass.setFloat("light.Linear", linear);
shaderLightingPass.setFloat("light.Quadratic", quadratic);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gPosition);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gNormal);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE2);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gAlbedoSpec);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE3); // add extra SSAO texture to lighting pass
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, ssaoColorBufferBlur);
renderQuad();
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
glfwPollEvents();
}
unsigned int quadVAO = 0;
unsigned int quadVBO;
void renderQuad()
{
if (quadVAO == 0)
{
float quadVertices[] = {
// positions // texture Coords
-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
};
// setup plane VAO
glGenVertexArrays(1, &quadVAO);
glGenBuffers(1, &quadVBO);
glBindVertexArray(quadVAO);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, quadVBO);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(quadVertices), &quadVertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 5 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
glVertexAttribPointer(1, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 5 * sizeof(float), (void*)(3 * sizeof(float)));
}
glBindVertexArray(quadVAO);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);
glBindVertexArray(0);
}
unsigned int cubeVAO = 0;
unsigned int cubeVBO = 0;
void renderCube(unsigned int spheremapTexture)
{
// initialize (if necessary)
if (cubeVAO == 0)
{
float vertices[] = {
// back face
-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-left
1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-right
1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-left
-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // top-left
// front face
-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-left
1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-right
1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // top-left
-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-left
// left face
-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // top-right
-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-left
-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // bottom-left
-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // bottom-left
-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-right
-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // top-right
// right face
1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // top-left
1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // bottom-right
1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // bottom-right
1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // top-left
1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-left
// bottom face
-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-left
1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-left
1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-left
-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-right
-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
// top face
-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // top-left
1.0f, 1.0f , 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-right
1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, // top-right
1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // bottom-right
-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, // top-left
-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f // bottom-left
};
glGenVertexArrays(1, &cubeVAO);
glGenBuffers(1, &cubeVBO);
// fill buffer
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, cubeVBO);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
// link vertex attributes
glBindVertexArray(cubeVAO);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(float), (void*)(3 * sizeof(float)));
glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
glVertexAttribPointer(2, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 8 * sizeof(float), (void*)(6 * sizeof(float)));
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
glBindVertexArray(0);
}
// render Cube
glBindVertexArray(cubeVAO);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, spheremapTexture);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);
glBindVertexArray(0);
glDepthFunc(GL_LESS);
}
提前致谢。